The latest officially reported population of Botswana was 2,521,139 in 2024 vs 26,498,823 people in North Korea in 2024. In 2026, based on the adjusted UN estimation, the current Botswana's population is 2,615,162 people compared to 26,659,144 in North Korea.
Population statistics:
- North Korea's population is 10.2 times bigger than Botswana's.
- Botswana is ranked the 142nd most populous country in the world, while North Korea is the 57th.
- The countries together account for 0.35% of the world: 0.03% for Botswana vs 0.32% for North Korea.
- For the last 10 years, Botswana has had an average growth rate of +1.5% per year vs +0.41% in North Korea.
- Since 2006, the population of Botswana has increased from 1.87M people to 2.62M (39.5% growth), while North Korea has grown from 24.5M to 26.7M (8.7% growth).
Botswana vs North Korea: population by year and forecast
| Year | Population | |
|---|---|---|
Botswana
|
North Korea
|
|
| 2100 | 3,871,504 | 19,604,631 |
| 2099 | 3,876,625 | 19,733,548 |
| 2098 | 3,882,670 | 19,862,949 |
| 2097 | 3,887,985 | 19,993,288 |
| 2096 | 3,892,886 | 20,124,518 |
| 2095 | 3,897,211 | 20,256,401 |
| 2094 | 3,901,478 | 20,388,156 |
| 2093 | 3,905,541 | 20,520,253 |
| 2092 | 3,909,490 | 20,652,961 |
| 2091 | 3,913,899 | 20,785,785 |
| 2090 | 3,916,706 | 20,918,305 |
| 2089 | 3,917,351 | 21,050,580 |
| 2088 | 3,917,510 | 21,182,325 |
| 2087 | 3,916,826 | 21,314,047 |
| 2086 | 3,916,303 | 21,445,329 |
| 2085 | 3,915,785 | 21,575,835 |
| 2084 | 3,914,364 | 21,705,777 |
| 2083 | 3,912,929 | 21,835,029 |
| 2082 | 3,910,994 | 21,964,199 |
| 2081 | 3,910,013 | 22,092,862 |
| 2080 | 3,908,255 | 22,220,948 |
| 2079 | 3,905,358 | 22,348,577 |
| 2078 | 3,900,828 | 22,475,755 |
| 2077 | 3,896,126 | 22,602,817 |
| 2076 | 3,890,528 | 22,729,499 |
| 2075 | 3,884,696 | 22,856,369 |
| 2074 | 3,879,057 | 22,983,784 |
| 2073 | 3,873,259 | 23,111,441 |
| 2072 | 3,865,665 | 23,239,261 |
| 2071 | 3,858,720 | 23,367,583 |
| 2070 | 3,851,234 | 23,496,136 |
| 2069 | 3,841,316 | 23,625,538 |
| 2068 | 3,830,826 | 23,755,136 |
| 2067 | 3,818,341 | 23,884,879 |
| 2066 | 3,805,705 | 24,015,027 |
| 2065 | 3,791,211 | 24,144,985 |
| 2064 | 3,775,938 | 24,274,257 |
| 2063 | 3,760,179 | 24,402,439 |
| 2062 | 3,742,710 | 24,529,941 |
| 2061 | 3,723,346 | 24,656,350 |
| 2060 | 3,703,231 | 24,780,911 |
| 2059 | 3,682,816 | 24,903,037 |
| 2058 | 3,659,567 | 25,023,260 |
| 2057 | 3,635,514 | 25,140,523 |
| 2056 | 3,611,843 | 25,255,342 |
| 2055 | 3,587,056 | 25,366,397 |
| 2054 | 3,562,182 | 25,474,292 |
| 2053 | 3,535,732 | 25,578,870 |
| 2052 | 3,507,938 | 25,679,963 |
| 2051 | 3,479,939 | 25,777,639 |
| 2050 | 3,451,521 | 25,871,673 |
| 2049 | 3,422,143 | 25,962,167 |
| 2048 | 3,391,720 | 26,048,593 |
| 2047 | 3,360,414 | 26,131,429 |
| 2046 | 3,328,208 | 26,210,487 |
| 2045 | 3,296,489 | 26,286,208 |
| 2044 | 3,265,120 | 26,358,331 |
| 2043 | 3,233,076 | 26,427,062 |
| 2042 | 3,201,405 | 26,491,482 |
| 2041 | 3,168,873 | 26,552,564 |
| 2040 | 3,135,889 | 26,609,557 |
| 2039 | 3,101,794 | 26,661,815 |
| 2038 | 3,067,648 | 26,708,400 |
| 2037 | 3,032,620 | 26,749,134 |
| 2036 | 2,996,884 | 26,783,304 |
| 2035 | 2,960,590 | 26,810,026 |
| 2034 | 2,923,411 | 26,828,912 |
| 2033 | 2,885,991 | 26,839,229 |
| 2032 | 2,847,292 | 26,840,944 |
| 2031 | 2,808,872 | 26,832,957 |
| 2030 | 2,768,505 | 26,814,812 |
| 2029 | 2,728,467 | 26,787,117 |
| 2028 | 2,686,968 | 26,749,227 |
| 2027 | 2,645,863 | 26,701,444 |
| 2026 | 2,603,779 | 26,643,460 |
| 2025 | 2,562,651 | 26,575,953 |
| 2024 | 2,521,139 | 26,498,823 |
| 2023 | 2,480,244 | 26,418,204 |
| 2022 | 2,439,892 | 26,328,845 |
| 2021 | 2,401,441 | 26,232,534 |
| 2020 | 2,365,894 | 26,136,312 |
| 2019 | 2,332,083 | 26,037,632 |
| 2018 | 2,299,141 | 25,931,147 |
| 2017 | 2,266,747 | 25,817,709 |
| 2016 | 2,234,776 | 25,698,326 |
| 2015 | 2,203,273 | 25,575,350 |
| 2014 | 2,172,044 | 25,451,262 |
| 2013 | 2,140,682 | 25,329,451 |
| 2012 | 2,108,617 | 25,211,728 |
| 2011 | 2,073,535 | 25,097,874 |
| 2010 | 2,033,111 | 24,987,258 |
| 2009 | 1,990,673 | 24,878,332 |
| 2008 | 1,949,970 | 24,764,618 |
| 2007 | 1,911,201 | 24,646,383 |
| 2006 | 1,874,516 | 24,524,507 |
| 2005 | 1,839,877 | 24,396,433 |
| 2004 | 1,807,146 | 24,254,943 |
| 2003 | 1,775,736 | 24,090,380 |
| 2002 | 1,744,763 | 23,943,973 |
| 2001 | 1,712,254 | 23,815,358 |
| 2000 | 1,677,382 | 23,665,910 |
| 1999 | 1,641,997 | 23,497,599 |
| 1998 | 1,606,899 | 23,311,564 |
| 1997 | 1,571,691 | 23,110,830 |
| 1996 | 1,535,914 | 22,895,746 |
| 1995 | 1,498,836 | 22,669,304 |
| 1994 | 1,460,023 | 22,393,975 |
| 1993 | 1,420,115 | 22,073,352 |
| 1992 | 1,380,033 | 21,750,911 |
| 1991 | 1,341,756 | 21,428,638 |
| 1990 | 1,305,696 | 21,112,137 |
| 1989 | 1,270,274 | 20,804,367 |
| 1988 | 1,235,476 | 20,503,161 |
| 1987 | 1,199,167 | 20,205,483 |
| 1986 | 1,160,650 | 19,910,855 |
| 1985 | 1,121,945 | 19,620,388 |
| 1984 | 1,083,660 | 19,335,043 |
| 1983 | 1,046,137 | 19,054,034 |
| 1982 | 1,009,269 | 18,776,357 |
| 1981 | 969,996 | 18,501,295 |
| 1980 | 937,485 | 18,236,786 |
| 1979 | 901,742 | 17,983,470 |
| 1978 | 849,239 | 17,735,995 |
| 1977 | 799,574 | 17,492,798 |
| 1976 | 758,508 | 17,243,450 |
| 1975 | 720,380 | 16,971,055 |
| 1974 | 685,448 | 16,673,121 |
| 1973 | 652,408 | 16,350,367 |
| 1972 | 622,407 | 15,975,069 |
| 1971 | 600,481 | 15,572,457 |
| 1970 | 590,334 | 15,172,775 |
| 1969 | 587,066 | 14,767,615 |
| 1968 | 583,966 | 14,365,596 |
| 1967 | 580,933 | 13,958,350 |
| 1966 | 577,866 | 13,569,094 |
| 1965 | 574,664 | 13,219,369 |
| 1964 | 566,266 | 12,889,770 |
| 1963 | 552,966 | 12,567,057 |
| 1962 | 540,186 | 12,262,882 |
| 1961 | 527,942 | 11,990,713 |
| 1960 | 516,165 | 11,722,953 |
Data sources: United Nations | World Population Prospects (2025–2100, retrieved 2026-03-10); World Bank | Health (1960–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06).
GeoRank.org/population/botswana/north-korea | CC BY 
From 2006 to 2016, the population of Botswana increased by 360,260 people (a 19.2% growth), while North Korea gained 1,173,819 people (a 4.79% growth).
For the next 10 years, from 2016 to 2026, Botswana gained 380,386 people (a 17% growth), while North Korea's population increased by 960,818 people (a 3.74% growth).
Botswana was ranked 145th most populous country in 2006 and is 142nd in 2026. North Korea was ranked 46th in 2006 and ranked 57th now.
The UN's World Population Prospects forecasts that in 24 years (in 2050) Botswana's population will grow by 32% to 3,451,521 people with a rank change from 142nd to 137th. The population of North Korea will decrease by 2.95% to 25,871,673 people and rank change from 57th to 66th.
Botswana is projected to reach its peak in 2088 at 3.92M people compared to the peak of 26.8M people in 2032 for North Korea.
Population growth rate by year
| Year | Growth rate | |
|---|---|---|
|
Botswana
|
North Korea
|
|
| 2100 | -0.13% | -0.65% |
| 2099 | -0.16% | -0.65% |
| 2098 | -0.14% | -0.65% |
| 2097 | -0.13% | -0.65% |
| 2096 | -0.11% | -0.65% |
| 2095 | -0.11% | -0.65% |
| 2094 | -0.1% | -0.64% |
| 2093 | -0.1% | -0.64% |
| 2092 | -0.11% | -0.64% |
| 2091 | -0.07% | -0.63% |
| 2090 | -0.02% | -0.63% |
| 2089 | -0.004% | -0.62% |
| 2088 | 0.02% | -0.62% |
| 2087 | 0.01% | -0.61% |
| 2086 | 0.01% | -0.6% |
| 2085 | 0.04% | -0.6% |
| 2084 | 0.04% | -0.59% |
| 2083 | 0.05% | -0.59% |
| 2082 | 0.03% | -0.58% |
| 2081 | 0.04% | -0.58% |
| 2080 | 0.07% | -0.57% |
| 2079 | 0.12% | -0.57% |
| 2078 | 0.12% | -0.56% |
| 2077 | 0.14% | -0.56% |
| 2076 | 0.15% | -0.56% |
| 2075 | 0.15% | -0.55% |
| 2074 | 0.15% | -0.55% |
| 2073 | 0.2% | -0.55% |
| 2072 | 0.18% | -0.55% |
| 2071 | 0.19% | -0.55% |
| 2070 | 0.26% | -0.55% |
| 2069 | 0.27% | -0.55% |
| 2068 | 0.33% | -0.54% |
| 2067 | 0.33% | -0.54% |
| 2066 | 0.38% | -0.54% |
| 2065 | 0.4% | -0.53% |
| 2064 | 0.42% | -0.53% |
| 2063 | 0.47% | -0.52% |
| 2062 | 0.52% | -0.51% |
| 2061 | 0.54% | -0.5% |
| 2060 | 0.55% | -0.49% |
| 2059 | 0.64% | -0.48% |
| 2058 | 0.66% | -0.47% |
| 2057 | 0.66% | -0.45% |
| 2056 | 0.69% | -0.44% |
| 2055 | 0.7% | -0.42% |
| 2054 | 0.75% | -0.41% |
| 2053 | 0.79% | -0.39% |
| 2052 | 0.8% | -0.38% |
| 2051 | 0.82% | -0.36% |
| 2050 | 0.86% | -0.35% |
| 2049 | 0.9% | -0.33% |
| 2048 | 0.93% | -0.32% |
| 2047 | 0.97% | -0.3% |
| 2046 | 0.96% | -0.29% |
| 2045 | 0.96% | -0.27% |
| 2044 | 0.99% | -0.26% |
| 2043 | 0.99% | -0.24% |
| 2042 | 1.03% | -0.23% |
| 2041 | 1.05% | -0.21% |
| 2040 | 1.1% | -0.2% |
| 2039 | 1.11% | -0.17% |
| 2038 | 1.16% | -0.15% |
| 2037 | 1.19% | -0.13% |
| 2036 | 1.23% | -0.1% |
| 2035 | 1.27% | -0.07% |
| 2034 | 1.3% | -0.04% |
| 2033 | 1.36% | -0.006% |
| 2032 | 1.37% | 0.03% |
| 2031 | 1.46% | 0.07% |
| 2030 | 1.47% | 0.1% |
| 2029 | 1.54% | 0.14% |
| 2028 | 1.55% | 0.18% |
| 2027 | 1.62% | 0.22% |
| 2026 | 1.6% | 0.25% |
| 2025 | 1.65% | 0.29% |
| 2024 | 1.65% | 0.31% |
| 2023 | 1.65% | 0.34% |
| 2022 | 1.6% | 0.37% |
| 2021 | 1.5% | 0.37% |
| 2020 | 1.45% | 0.38% |
| 2019 | 1.43% | 0.41% |
| 2018 | 1.43% | 0.44% |
| 2017 | 1.43% | 0.46% |
| 2016 | 1.43% | 0.48% |
| 2015 | 1.44% | 0.49% |
| 2014 | 1.47% | 0.48% |
| 2013 | 1.52% | 0.47% |
| 2012 | 1.69% | 0.45% |
| 2011 | 1.99% | 0.44% |
| 2010 | 2.13% | 0.44% |
| 2009 | 2.09% | 0.46% |
| 2008 | 2.03% | 0.48% |
| 2007 | 1.96% | 0.5% |
| 2006 | 1.88% | 0.52% |
| 2005 | 1.81% | 0.58% |
| 2004 | 1.77% | 0.68% |
| 2003 | 1.78% | 0.61% |
| 2002 | 1.9% | 0.54% |
| 2001 | 2.08% | 0.63% |
| 2000 | 2.15% | 0.72% |
| 1999 | 2.18% | 0.8% |
| 1998 | 2.24% | 0.87% |
| 1997 | 2.33% | 0.94% |
| 1996 | 2.47% | 1% |
| 1995 | 2.66% | 1.23% |
| 1994 | 2.81% | 1.45% |
| 1993 | 2.9% | 1.48% |
| 1992 | 2.85% | 1.5% |
| 1991 | 2.76% | 1.5% |
| 1990 | 2.79% | 1.48% |
| 1989 | 2.82% | 1.47% |
| 1988 | 3.03% | 1.47% |
| 1987 | 3.32% | 1.48% |
| 1986 | 3.45% | 1.48% |
| 1985 | 3.53% | 1.48% |
| 1984 | 3.59% | 1.47% |
| 1983 | 3.65% | 1.48% |
| 1982 | 4.05% | 1.49% |
| 1981 | 3.47% | 1.45% |
| 1980 | 3.96% | 1.41% |
| 1979 | 6.18% | 1.4% |
| 1978 | 6.21% | 1.39% |
| 1977 | 5.41% | 1.45% |
| 1976 | 5.29% | 1.61% |
| 1975 | 5.1% | 1.79% |
| 1974 | 5.06% | 1.97% |
| 1973 | 4.82% | 2.35% |
| 1972 | 3.65% | 2.59% |
| 1971 | 1.72% | 2.63% |
| 1970 | 0.56% | 2.74% |
| 1969 | 0.53% | 2.8% |
| 1968 | 0.52% | 2.92% |
| 1967 | 0.53% | 2.87% |
| 1966 | 0.56% | 2.65% |
| 1965 | 1.48% | 2.56% |
| 1964 | 2.41% | 2.57% |
| 1963 | 2.37% | 2.48% |
| 1962 | 2.32% | 2.27% |
| 1961 | 2.28% | 2.28% |
Data sources: United Nations | World Population Prospects (2025–2100, retrieved 2026-03-10); World Bank | Health (1961–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06).
GeoRank.org/population/botswana/north-korea | CC BY
In 2024, the population of Botswana grew by 1.65%, while North Korea's population grew by 0.31%.
Live population counters
|
Botswana
|
North Korea
|
|
|---|---|---|
| Current population |
2615162
|
26659144
|
| Population rank | 142/197 | 57/197 |
| Percent of world population | 0.03% | 0.32% |
| One net population change |
12.9 minutes
|
6.52 minutes
|
| One birth every |
8.58 minutes
|
1.54 minutes
|
| One death every |
37 minutes
|
2.05 minutes
|
| Daily growth/decline | +112 | +221 |
| Annual growth/decline | +40,895 | +80,619 |
| Annual growth/decline rate | +1.65% | +0.31% |
| Population growth rate rank | 66/197 | 150/197 |
| One migration net change every |
1.55 hours
|
3.15 hours
|
| Annual migration change | -5,665 | -2,787 |
| Net migration rank | 120/196 | 104/196 |
| Foreign-born residents | 116,402 | 50,439 |
| Foreign-born residents rank | 126/195 | 150/195 |
| Foreign-born share of population | 4.6% | 0.2% |
| Foreign-born share rank | 96/195 | 189/195 |
Natural population change vs migration
| Year | Population change | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Botswana
|
North Korea
|
|||
| Natural | Migration | Natural | Migration | |
| 2025 | - | -5,665 | - | -2,787 |
| 2024 | - | -5,778 | - | -2,473 |
| 2023 | 47,098 | -6,487 | 86,203 | -1,997 |
| 2022 | 47,400 | -7,306 | 96,495 | -1,997 |
| 2021 | 40,894 | -4,083 | 99,710 | -1,585 |
| 2020 | 45,610 | -11,330 | 95,920 | -1,585 |
| 2019 | 45,110 | -11,770 | 106,208 | -3,142 |
| 2018 | 44,171 | -11,623 | 113,164 | -3,225 |
| 2017 | 43,154 | -10,916 | 120,181 | -3,224 |
| 2016 | 41,993 | -10,286 | 125,048 | -3,222 |
| 2015 | 40,897 | -9,599 | 127,365 | -3,208 |
| 2014 | 40,046 | -8,893 | 127,078 | -3,042 |
| 2013 | 39,404 | -7,836 | 122,519 | -2,933 |
| 2012 | 39,202 | -6,636 | 118,773 | -2,919 |
| 2011 | 38,613 | -1,019 | 114,798 | -2,957 |
| 2010 | 38,101 | 5,151 | 112,443 | -3,053 |
| 2009 | 36,671 | 4,960 | 111,530 | -3,058 |
| 2008 | 35,433 | 4,343 | 122,015 | -3,051 |
| 2007 | 33,832 | 3,926 | 120,521 | -3,021 |
| 2006 | 31,340 | 4,270 | 129,171 | -2,948 |
| 2005 | 29,385 | 4,283 | 132,765 | -2,861 |
| 2004 | 27,481 | 4,314 | 155,838 | -2,758 |
| 2003 | 26,545 | 4,488 | 178,775 | -2,717 |
| 2002 | 26,163 | 4,747 | 119,504 | -2,763 |
| 2001 | 26,112 | 7,991 | 143,321 | -2,884 |
| 2000 | 25,850 | 9,798 | 161,591 | -3,142 |
| 1999 | 25,358 | 9,762 | 181,613 | -3,443 |
| 1998 | 25,397 | 9,685 | 197,589 | -3,706 |
| 1997 | 25,738 | 9,597 | 211,325 | -3,745 |
| 1996 | 26,847 | 9,368 | 226,095 | -3,512 |
| 1995 | 28,478 | 9,464 | 233,381 | -3,094 |
| 1994 | 30,664 | 9,023 | 320,861 | -517 |
| 1993 | 31,691 | 8,441 | 320,880 | 0 |
| 1992 | 31,995 | 8,026 | 324,002 | 0 |
| 1991 | 32,219 | 4,311 | 320,551 | 0 |
| 1990 | 33,015 | 2,580 | 312,460 | 0 |
| 1989 | 33,756 | 1,495 | 303,078 | 0 |
| 1988 | 34,564 | -215 | 299,305 | 0 |
| 1987 | 35,647 | 2,624 | 296,030 | 0 |
| 1986 | 36,203 | 2,558 | 293,227 | 0 |
| 1985 | 35,966 | 2,683 | 287,714 | 0 |
| 1984 | 35,530 | 2,393 | 282,987 | 0 |
| 1983 | 35,142 | 1,980 | 279,046 | 0 |
| 1982 | 34,859 | 1,751 | 276,332 | 0 |
| 1981 | 34,327 | 7,610 | 273,800 | 0 |
| 1980 | 33,934 | -10,849 | 255,206 | 0 |
| 1979 | 32,486 | 15,918 | 251,409 | 0 |
| 1978 | 30,596 | 26,015 | 243,533 | 0 |
| 1977 | 29,009 | 13,708 | 242,870 | 0 |
| 1976 | 27,497 | 11,914 | 255,841 | 0 |
| 1975 | 25,762 | 11,086 | 288,966 | 0 |
| 1974 | 24,160 | 8,854 | 306,902 | 0 |
| 1973 | 22,449 | 10,615 | 338,600 | 0 |
| 1972 | 21,004 | 5,937 | 411,997 | 0 |
| 1971 | 19,926 | -3,016 | 393,220 | 0 |
| 1970 | 19,438 | -16,054 | 406,129 | 0 |
| 1969 | 19,024 | -15,870 | 404,189 | 0 |
| 1968 | 18,725 | -15,681 | 399,837 | 0 |
| 1967 | 18,463 | -15,438 | 414,632 | 0 |
| 1966 | 18,250 | -15,140 | 363,882 | 0 |
| 1965 | 18,045 | -14,753 | 335,587 | 0 |
| 1964 | 17,634 | -4,126 | 323,623 | 0 |
| 1963 | 17,084 | -4,000 | 321,805 | 0 |
| 1962 | 16,507 | -4,028 | 286,534 | 0 |
| 1961 | 16,185 | -4,168 | 257,788 | 0 |
| 1960 | 15,861 | -4,331 | 277,717 | 0 |
Data sources: World Bank | Health (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-04-06).
GeoRank.org/population/botswana/north-korea | CC BY
Over the last 10 years, 82.5% of the population change in Botswana is from natural causes (a gain of 436,373 people) and 17.5% is from migration (a loss of 92,293 people). In North Korea 97.7% is from natural causes (a gain of 1,097,372 people) and 2.33% is from migration (a loss of 26,227 people).
As of 2024, 116,402 residents or 4.6% of the population were not native-born in Botswana, compared to 50,439 people or 0.2% in North Korea.
Biggest cities by population
|
Botswana
|
|
|---|---|
| City | Population |
| Gaborone | 236K |
| Francistown | 103K |
| Molepolole | 67.6K |
| Kanye | 48K |
| Serowe | 47.4K |
| Mahalapye | 41.3K |
| Palapye | 36.2K |
| Lobatse | 26.9K |
|
North Korea
|
|
|---|---|
| City | Population |
| Pyongyang | 2.86M |
| Hamhung | 769K |
| Chongjin | 668K |
| Sunchon | 437K |
| Nampo | 367K |
| Wonsan | 363K |
| Sinuiju | 359K |
| Tanchon | 346K |
| Kaechon | 320K |
| Kaesong | 308K |
Compare countries by 7 more topics
Population differences between Botswana and North Korea
|
Botswana
|
North Korea
|
|
|---|---|---|
| Life expectancy | 69.6 years | 74 years |
| Average age | 26.7 years | 38 years |
| Median age | 24.2 years | 37.3 years |
| Male:Female ratio | 49.8:50.2 | 49.5:50.5 |
| Fertility rate | 2.73 births per woman | 1.78 births per woman |
| Population density | 11.9 ppl/mi² | 573 ppl/mi² |
Population map with other countries
Data sources: World Bank | Health (1960–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06); United Nations | World Population Prospects (1960–2026, retrieved 2026-03-10); U.S. Census Bureau (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-02-08); Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) (2000–2019, retrieved 2026-02-20).
GeoRank.org/population/botswana/north-korea | CC BY
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Data sources:
- World Bank | Health (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-04-06)
- United Nations | World Population Prospects (1960–2100, retrieved 2026-03-10)
- U.S. Census Bureau (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-02-08)
- Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) (2000–2019, retrieved 2026-02-20)
- Wikidata (2026, retrieved 2026-02-08)
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