The latest officially reported population of Botswana was 2,521,139 in 2024 vs 41,288,599 people in Canada in 2024. In 2026, based on the adjusted UN estimation, the current Botswana's population is 2,615,162 people compared to 42,181,965 in Canada.
Population statistics:
- Canada's population is 16.1 times bigger than Botswana's.
- Botswana is ranked the 142nd most populous country in the world, while Canada is the 38th.
- The countries together account for 0.54% of the world: 0.03% for Botswana vs 0.51% for Canada.
- For the last 10 years, Botswana has had an average growth rate of +1.5% per year vs +1.5% in Canada.
- Since 2006, the population of Botswana has increased from 1.87M people to 2.62M (39.5% growth), while Canada has grown from 32.6M to 42.2M (29.5% growth).
Botswana vs Canada: population by year and forecast
| Year | Population | |
|---|---|---|
Botswana
|
Canada
|
|
| 2100 | 3,871,504 | 55,893,812 |
| 2099 | 3,876,625 | 55,710,628 |
| 2098 | 3,882,670 | 55,520,878 |
| 2097 | 3,887,985 | 55,326,351 |
| 2096 | 3,892,886 | 55,153,117 |
| 2095 | 3,897,211 | 54,983,479 |
| 2094 | 3,901,478 | 54,818,119 |
| 2093 | 3,905,541 | 54,651,641 |
| 2092 | 3,909,490 | 54,494,148 |
| 2091 | 3,913,899 | 54,329,082 |
| 2090 | 3,916,706 | 54,183,996 |
| 2089 | 3,917,351 | 54,034,513 |
| 2088 | 3,917,510 | 53,855,760 |
| 2087 | 3,916,826 | 53,708,023 |
| 2086 | 3,916,303 | 53,553,781 |
| 2085 | 3,915,785 | 53,403,315 |
| 2084 | 3,914,364 | 53,246,675 |
| 2083 | 3,912,929 | 53,081,827 |
| 2082 | 3,910,994 | 52,930,998 |
| 2081 | 3,910,013 | 52,761,672 |
| 2080 | 3,908,255 | 52,602,997 |
| 2079 | 3,905,358 | 52,444,008 |
| 2078 | 3,900,828 | 52,275,214 |
| 2077 | 3,896,126 | 52,118,254 |
| 2076 | 3,890,528 | 51,944,937 |
| 2075 | 3,884,696 | 51,774,515 |
| 2074 | 3,879,057 | 51,611,349 |
| 2073 | 3,873,259 | 51,449,506 |
| 2072 | 3,865,665 | 51,279,503 |
| 2071 | 3,858,720 | 51,106,234 |
| 2070 | 3,851,234 | 50,934,622 |
| 2069 | 3,841,316 | 50,760,591 |
| 2068 | 3,830,826 | 50,585,692 |
| 2067 | 3,818,341 | 50,396,558 |
| 2066 | 3,805,705 | 50,216,488 |
| 2065 | 3,791,211 | 50,037,049 |
| 2064 | 3,775,938 | 49,857,150 |
| 2063 | 3,760,179 | 49,675,417 |
| 2062 | 3,742,710 | 49,491,872 |
| 2061 | 3,723,346 | 49,316,172 |
| 2060 | 3,703,231 | 49,148,043 |
| 2059 | 3,682,816 | 48,975,435 |
| 2058 | 3,659,567 | 48,801,460 |
| 2057 | 3,635,514 | 48,640,413 |
| 2056 | 3,611,843 | 48,484,751 |
| 2055 | 3,587,056 | 48,333,252 |
| 2054 | 3,562,182 | 48,184,303 |
| 2053 | 3,535,732 | 48,036,252 |
| 2052 | 3,507,938 | 47,875,085 |
| 2051 | 3,479,939 | 47,719,858 |
| 2050 | 3,451,521 | 47,562,681 |
| 2049 | 3,422,143 | 47,417,162 |
| 2048 | 3,391,720 | 47,254,138 |
| 2047 | 3,360,414 | 47,091,915 |
| 2046 | 3,328,208 | 46,926,799 |
| 2045 | 3,296,489 | 46,743,844 |
| 2044 | 3,265,120 | 46,562,785 |
| 2043 | 3,233,076 | 46,379,045 |
| 2042 | 3,201,405 | 46,188,550 |
| 2041 | 3,168,873 | 45,994,664 |
| 2040 | 3,135,889 | 45,799,063 |
| 2039 | 3,101,794 | 45,593,547 |
| 2038 | 3,067,648 | 45,374,241 |
| 2037 | 3,032,620 | 45,148,803 |
| 2036 | 2,996,884 | 44,917,782 |
| 2035 | 2,960,590 | 44,691,033 |
| 2034 | 2,923,411 | 44,439,937 |
| 2033 | 2,885,991 | 44,193,040 |
| 2032 | 2,847,292 | 43,925,613 |
| 2031 | 2,808,872 | 43,643,438 |
| 2030 | 2,768,505 | 43,355,390 |
| 2029 | 2,728,467 | 43,060,128 |
| 2028 | 2,686,968 | 42,748,060 |
| 2027 | 2,645,863 | 42,426,742 |
| 2026 | 2,603,779 | 42,091,205 |
| 2025 | 2,562,651 | 41,714,545 |
| 2024 | 2,521,139 | 41,288,599 |
| 2023 | 2,480,244 | 40,083,484 |
| 2022 | 2,439,892 | 38,935,934 |
| 2021 | 2,401,441 | 38,239,864 |
| 2020 | 2,365,894 | 38,028,638 |
| 2019 | 2,332,083 | 37,618,495 |
| 2018 | 2,299,141 | 37,072,620 |
| 2017 | 2,266,747 | 36,545,075 |
| 2016 | 2,234,776 | 36,110,803 |
| 2015 | 2,203,273 | 35,704,498 |
| 2014 | 2,172,044 | 35,434,066 |
| 2013 | 2,140,682 | 35,080,992 |
| 2012 | 2,108,617 | 34,713,395 |
| 2011 | 2,073,535 | 34,339,221 |
| 2010 | 2,033,111 | 34,005,902 |
| 2009 | 1,990,673 | 33,630,069 |
| 2008 | 1,949,970 | 33,247,298 |
| 2007 | 1,911,201 | 32,888,886 |
| 2006 | 1,874,516 | 32,571,193 |
| 2005 | 1,839,877 | 32,242,732 |
| 2004 | 1,807,146 | 31,938,807 |
| 2003 | 1,775,736 | 31,642,461 |
| 2002 | 1,744,763 | 31,359,199 |
| 2001 | 1,712,254 | 31,020,855 |
| 2000 | 1,677,382 | 30,685,730 |
| 1999 | 1,641,997 | 30,401,286 |
| 1998 | 1,606,899 | 30,155,173 |
| 1997 | 1,571,691 | 29,905,948 |
| 1996 | 1,535,914 | 29,610,218 |
| 1995 | 1,498,836 | 29,302,311 |
| 1994 | 1,460,023 | 29,000,663 |
| 1993 | 1,420,115 | 28,684,764 |
| 1992 | 1,380,033 | 28,371,264 |
| 1991 | 1,341,756 | 28,037,420 |
| 1990 | 1,305,696 | 27,691,138 |
| 1989 | 1,270,274 | 27,276,781 |
| 1988 | 1,235,476 | 26,791,747 |
| 1987 | 1,199,167 | 26,446,601 |
| 1986 | 1,160,650 | 26,100,278 |
| 1985 | 1,121,945 | 25,842,116 |
| 1984 | 1,083,660 | 25,607,053 |
| 1983 | 1,046,137 | 25,366,451 |
| 1982 | 1,009,269 | 25,116,942 |
| 1981 | 969,996 | 24,819,915 |
| 1980 | 937,485 | 24,515,667 |
| 1979 | 901,742 | 24,201,544 |
| 1978 | 849,239 | 23,963,203 |
| 1977 | 799,574 | 23,725,843 |
| 1976 | 758,508 | 23,449,808 |
| 1975 | 720,380 | 23,143,275 |
| 1974 | 685,448 | 22,807,969 |
| 1973 | 652,408 | 22,491,777 |
| 1972 | 622,407 | 22,218,463 |
| 1971 | 600,481 | 21,962,032 |
| 1970 | 590,334 | 21,324,000 |
| 1969 | 587,066 | 21,028,000 |
| 1968 | 583,966 | 20,744,000 |
| 1967 | 580,933 | 20,412,000 |
| 1966 | 577,866 | 20,048,000 |
| 1965 | 574,664 | 19,678,000 |
| 1964 | 566,266 | 19,325,000 |
| 1963 | 552,966 | 18,964,000 |
| 1962 | 540,186 | 18,614,000 |
| 1961 | 527,942 | 18,271,000 |
| 1960 | 516,165 | 17,909,356 |
Data sources: United Nations | World Population Prospects (2025–2100, retrieved 2026-03-10); World Bank | Health (1960–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06).
GeoRank.org/population/botswana/canada | CC BY 
From 2006 to 2016, the population of Botswana increased by 360,260 people (a 19.2% growth), while Canada gained 3,539,610 people (a 10.9% growth).
For the next 10 years, from 2016 to 2026, Botswana gained 380,386 people (a 17% growth), while Canada's population increased by 6,071,162 people (a 16.8% growth).
Botswana was ranked 145th most populous country in 2006 and is 142nd in 2026. Canada was ranked 35th in 2006 and ranked 38th now.
The UN's World Population Prospects forecasts that in 24 years (in 2050) Botswana's population will grow by 32% to 3,451,521 people with a rank change from 142nd to 137th. The population of Canada will increase by 12.8% to 47,562,681 people and rank change from 38th to 45th.
Botswana is projected to reach its peak in 2088 at 3.92M people compared to the peak of 55.9M people in 2100 for Canada.
Population growth rate by year
| Year | Growth rate | |
|---|---|---|
|
Botswana
|
Canada
|
|
| 2100 | -0.13% | 0.33% |
| 2099 | -0.16% | 0.34% |
| 2098 | -0.14% | 0.35% |
| 2097 | -0.13% | 0.31% |
| 2096 | -0.11% | 0.31% |
| 2095 | -0.11% | 0.3% |
| 2094 | -0.1% | 0.3% |
| 2093 | -0.1% | 0.29% |
| 2092 | -0.11% | 0.3% |
| 2091 | -0.07% | 0.27% |
| 2090 | -0.02% | 0.28% |
| 2089 | -0.004% | 0.33% |
| 2088 | 0.02% | 0.28% |
| 2087 | 0.01% | 0.29% |
| 2086 | 0.01% | 0.28% |
| 2085 | 0.04% | 0.29% |
| 2084 | 0.04% | 0.31% |
| 2083 | 0.05% | 0.28% |
| 2082 | 0.03% | 0.32% |
| 2081 | 0.04% | 0.3% |
| 2080 | 0.07% | 0.3% |
| 2079 | 0.12% | 0.32% |
| 2078 | 0.12% | 0.3% |
| 2077 | 0.14% | 0.33% |
| 2076 | 0.15% | 0.33% |
| 2075 | 0.15% | 0.32% |
| 2074 | 0.15% | 0.31% |
| 2073 | 0.2% | 0.33% |
| 2072 | 0.18% | 0.34% |
| 2071 | 0.19% | 0.34% |
| 2070 | 0.26% | 0.34% |
| 2069 | 0.27% | 0.35% |
| 2068 | 0.33% | 0.38% |
| 2067 | 0.33% | 0.36% |
| 2066 | 0.38% | 0.36% |
| 2065 | 0.4% | 0.36% |
| 2064 | 0.42% | 0.37% |
| 2063 | 0.47% | 0.37% |
| 2062 | 0.52% | 0.36% |
| 2061 | 0.54% | 0.34% |
| 2060 | 0.55% | 0.35% |
| 2059 | 0.64% | 0.36% |
| 2058 | 0.66% | 0.33% |
| 2057 | 0.66% | 0.32% |
| 2056 | 0.69% | 0.31% |
| 2055 | 0.7% | 0.31% |
| 2054 | 0.75% | 0.31% |
| 2053 | 0.79% | 0.34% |
| 2052 | 0.8% | 0.33% |
| 2051 | 0.82% | 0.33% |
| 2050 | 0.86% | 0.31% |
| 2049 | 0.9% | 0.34% |
| 2048 | 0.93% | 0.34% |
| 2047 | 0.97% | 0.35% |
| 2046 | 0.96% | 0.39% |
| 2045 | 0.96% | 0.39% |
| 2044 | 0.99% | 0.4% |
| 2043 | 0.99% | 0.41% |
| 2042 | 1.03% | 0.42% |
| 2041 | 1.05% | 0.43% |
| 2040 | 1.1% | 0.45% |
| 2039 | 1.11% | 0.48% |
| 2038 | 1.16% | 0.5% |
| 2037 | 1.19% | 0.51% |
| 2036 | 1.23% | 0.51% |
| 2035 | 1.27% | 0.57% |
| 2034 | 1.3% | 0.56% |
| 2033 | 1.36% | 0.61% |
| 2032 | 1.37% | 0.65% |
| 2031 | 1.46% | 0.66% |
| 2030 | 1.47% | 0.69% |
| 2029 | 1.54% | 0.73% |
| 2028 | 1.55% | 0.76% |
| 2027 | 1.62% | 0.8% |
| 2026 | 1.6% | 0.9% |
| 2025 | 1.65% | 1.03% |
| 2024 | 1.65% | 3.01% |
| 2023 | 1.65% | 2.95% |
| 2022 | 1.6% | 1.82% |
| 2021 | 1.5% | 0.56% |
| 2020 | 1.45% | 1.09% |
| 2019 | 1.43% | 1.47% |
| 2018 | 1.43% | 1.44% |
| 2017 | 1.43% | 1.2% |
| 2016 | 1.43% | 1.14% |
| 2015 | 1.44% | 0.76% |
| 2014 | 1.47% | 1.01% |
| 2013 | 1.52% | 1.06% |
| 2012 | 1.69% | 1.09% |
| 2011 | 1.99% | 0.98% |
| 2010 | 2.13% | 1.12% |
| 2009 | 2.09% | 1.15% |
| 2008 | 2.03% | 1.09% |
| 2007 | 1.96% | 0.98% |
| 2006 | 1.88% | 1.02% |
| 2005 | 1.81% | 0.95% |
| 2004 | 1.77% | 0.94% |
| 2003 | 1.78% | 0.9% |
| 2002 | 1.9% | 1.09% |
| 2001 | 2.08% | 1.09% |
| 2000 | 2.15% | 0.94% |
| 1999 | 2.18% | 0.82% |
| 1998 | 2.24% | 0.83% |
| 1997 | 2.33% | 1% |
| 1996 | 2.47% | 1.05% |
| 1995 | 2.66% | 1.04% |
| 1994 | 2.81% | 1.1% |
| 1993 | 2.9% | 1.1% |
| 1992 | 2.85% | 1.19% |
| 1991 | 2.76% | 1.25% |
| 1990 | 2.79% | 1.52% |
| 1989 | 2.82% | 1.81% |
| 1988 | 3.03% | 1.31% |
| 1987 | 3.32% | 1.33% |
| 1986 | 3.45% | 1% |
| 1985 | 3.53% | 0.92% |
| 1984 | 3.59% | 0.95% |
| 1983 | 3.65% | 0.99% |
| 1982 | 4.05% | 1.2% |
| 1981 | 3.47% | 1.24% |
| 1980 | 3.96% | 1.3% |
| 1979 | 6.18% | 0.99% |
| 1978 | 6.21% | 1% |
| 1977 | 5.41% | 1.18% |
| 1976 | 5.29% | 1.32% |
| 1975 | 5.1% | 1.47% |
| 1974 | 5.06% | 1.41% |
| 1973 | 4.82% | 1.23% |
| 1972 | 3.65% | 1.17% |
| 1971 | 1.72% | 2.99% |
| 1970 | 0.56% | 1.41% |
| 1969 | 0.53% | 1.37% |
| 1968 | 0.52% | 1.63% |
| 1967 | 0.53% | 1.82% |
| 1966 | 0.56% | 1.88% |
| 1965 | 1.48% | 1.83% |
| 1964 | 2.41% | 1.9% |
| 1963 | 2.37% | 1.88% |
| 1962 | 2.32% | 1.88% |
| 1961 | 2.28% | 2.02% |
Data sources: United Nations | World Population Prospects (2025–2100, retrieved 2026-03-10); World Bank | Health (1961–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06).
GeoRank.org/population/botswana/canada | CC BY
In 2024, the population of Botswana grew by 1.65%, while Canada's population grew by 3.01%.
Live population counters
|
Botswana
|
Canada
|
|
|---|---|---|
| Current population |
2615162
|
42181965
|
| Population rank | 142/197 | 38/197 |
| Percent of world population | 0.03% | 0.51% |
| One net population change |
12.9 minutes
|
26.2 seconds
|
| One birth every |
8.58 minutes
|
1.49 minutes
|
| One death every |
37 minutes
|
1.62 minutes
|
| Daily growth/decline | +112 | +3,302 |
| Annual growth/decline | +40,895 | +1,205,115 |
| Annual growth/decline rate | +1.65% | +3.01% |
| Population growth rate rank | 66/197 | 14/197 |
| One migration net change every |
1.55 hours
|
1.62 minutes
|
| Annual migration change | -5,665 | +326,204 |
| Net migration rank | 120/196 | 5/196 |
| Foreign-born residents | 116,402 | 8,805,839 |
| Foreign-born residents rank | 126/195 | 7/195 |
| Foreign-born share of population | 4.6% | 22.2% |
| Foreign-born share rank | 96/195 | 27/195 |
Natural population change vs migration
| Year | Population change | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Botswana
|
Canada
|
|||
| Natural | Migration | Natural | Migration | |
| 2025 | - | -5,665 | - | 326,204 |
| 2024 | - | -5,778 | - | 368,599 |
| 2023 | 47,098 | -6,487 | 28,058 | 433,842 |
| 2022 | 47,400 | -7,306 | 15,574 | 459,988 |
| 2021 | 40,894 | -4,083 | 57,360 | 198,867 |
| 2020 | 45,610 | -11,330 | 53,241 | 256,592 |
| 2019 | 45,110 | -11,770 | 86,523 | 387,685 |
| 2018 | 44,171 | -11,623 | 88,974 | 420,224 |
| 2017 | 43,154 | -10,916 | 98,672 | 372,685 |
| 2016 | 41,993 | -10,286 | 115,555 | 329,455 |
| 2015 | 40,897 | -9,599 | 117,825 | 224,332 |
| 2014 | 40,046 | -8,893 | 127,563 | 192,884 |
| 2013 | 39,404 | -7,836 | 129,799 | 239,813 |
| 2012 | 39,202 | -6,636 | 135,382 | 243,748 |
| 2011 | 38,613 | -1,019 | 133,923 | 227,075 |
| 2010 | 38,101 | 5,151 | 139,425 | 225,369 |
| 2009 | 36,671 | 4,960 | 144,609 | 244,463 |
| 2008 | 35,433 | 4,343 | 142,963 | 238,083 |
| 2007 | 33,832 | 3,926 | 134,845 | 213,801 |
| 2006 | 31,340 | 4,270 | 130,285 | 202,175 |
| 2005 | 29,385 | 4,283 | 116,074 | 204,526 |
| 2004 | 27,481 | 4,314 | 111,786 | 194,611 |
| 2003 | 26,545 | 4,488 | 110,749 | 185,643 |
| 2002 | 26,163 | 4,747 | 106,621 | 208,060 |
| 2001 | 26,112 | 7,991 | 114,777 | 222,100 |
| 2000 | 25,850 | 9,798 | 110,469 | 201,727 |
| 1999 | 25,358 | 9,762 | 118,565 | 158,342 |
| 1998 | 25,397 | 9,685 | 126,651 | 142,346 |
| 1997 | 25,738 | 9,597 | 134,577 | 144,678 |
| 1996 | 26,847 | 9,368 | 153,973 | 154,553 |
| 1995 | 28,478 | 9,464 | 167,023 | 141,818 |
| 1994 | 30,664 | 9,023 | 179,804 | 134,863 |
| 1993 | 31,691 | 8,441 | 186,451 | 133,426 |
| 1992 | 31,995 | 8,026 | 204,273 | 138,121 |
| 1991 | 32,219 | 4,311 | 207,477 | 134,463 |
| 1990 | 33,015 | 2,580 | 213,222 | 181,461 |
| 1989 | 33,756 | 1,495 | 207,304 | 258,094 |
| 1988 | 34,564 | -215 | 192,901 | 238,003 |
| 1987 | 35,647 | 2,624 | 190,416 | 171,308 |
| 1986 | 36,203 | 2,558 | 190,532 | 121,928 |
| 1985 | 35,966 | 2,683 | 204,153 | 69,776 |
| 1984 | 35,530 | 2,393 | 204,856 | 55,982 |
| 1983 | 35,142 | 1,980 | 202,931 | 66,172 |
| 1982 | 34,859 | 1,751 | 200,935 | 89,544 |
| 1981 | 34,327 | 7,610 | 206,005 | 113,461 |
| 1980 | 33,934 | -10,849 | 203,480 | 122,743 |
| 1979 | 32,486 | 15,918 | 203,293 | 86,719 |
| 1978 | 30,596 | 26,015 | 194,102 | 52,781 |
| 1977 | 29,009 | 13,708 | 199,297 | 70,339 |
| 1976 | 27,497 | 11,914 | 196,979 | 106,894 |
| 1975 | 25,762 | 11,086 | 196,718 | 139,797 |
| 1974 | 24,160 | 8,854 | 182,464 | 155,596 |
| 1973 | 22,449 | 10,615 | 184,432 | 125,401 |
| 1972 | 21,004 | 5,937 | 188,857 | 89,880 |
| 1971 | 19,926 | -3,016 | 208,640 | 210,244 |
| 1970 | 19,438 | -16,054 | 215,372 | 304,627 |
| 1969 | 19,024 | -15,870 | 216,588 | 93,600 |
| 1968 | 18,725 | -15,681 | 211,589 | 108,864 |
| 1967 | 18,463 | -15,438 | 220,450 | 132,856 |
| 1966 | 18,250 | -15,140 | 236,566 | 144,641 |
| 1965 | 18,045 | -14,753 | 269,589 | 112,401 |
| 1964 | 17,634 | -4,126 | 307,268 | 68,003 |
| 1963 | 17,084 | -4,000 | 318,595 | 51,831 |
| 1962 | 16,507 | -4,028 | 325,745 | 35,373 |
| 1961 | 16,185 | -4,168 | 334,360 | 34,721 |
| 1960 | 15,861 | -4,331 | 338,487 | 49,694 |
Data sources: World Bank | Health (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-04-06).
GeoRank.org/population/botswana/canada | CC BY
Over the last 10 years, 82.5% of the population change in Botswana is from natural causes (a gain of 436,373 people) and 17.5% is from migration (a loss of 92,293 people). In Canada 19.4% is from natural causes (a gain of 789,345 people) and 80.6% is from migration (a gain of 3,276,554 people).
As of 2024, 116,402 residents or 4.6% of the population were not native-born in Botswana, compared to 8,805,839 people or 22.2% in Canada.
Biggest cities by population
|
Botswana
|
|
|---|---|
| City | Population |
| Gaborone | 236K |
| Francistown | 103K |
| Molepolole | 67.6K |
| Kanye | 48K |
| Serowe | 47.4K |
| Mahalapye | 41.3K |
| Palapye | 36.2K |
| Lobatse | 26.9K |
|
Canada
|
|
|---|---|
| City | Population |
| Toronto | 2.79M |
| Montreal | 1.8M |
| Calgary | 1.31M |
| Ottawa | 1.02M |
| Edmonton | 1.01M |
| Winnipeg | 750K |
| Mississauga | 718K |
| Vancouver | 662K |
| Brampton | 656K |
| Hamilton | 569K |
Compare countries by 7 more topics
Population differences between Botswana and Canada
|
Botswana
|
Canada
|
|
|---|---|---|
| Life expectancy | 69.6 years | 83.1 years |
| Average age | 26.7 years | 42.1 years |
| Median age | 24.2 years | 41.5 years |
| Male:Female ratio | 49.8:50.2 | 49.7:50.3 |
| Fertility rate | 2.73 births per woman | 1.26 births per woman |
| Population density | 11.9 ppl/mi² | 12.4 ppl/mi² |
Population map with other countries
Data sources: World Bank | Health (1960–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06); United Nations | World Population Prospects (1960–2026, retrieved 2026-03-10); U.S. Census Bureau (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-02-08); Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) (2000–2019, retrieved 2026-02-20).
GeoRank.org/population/botswana/canada | CC BY
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Data sources:
- World Bank | Health (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-04-06)
- United Nations | World Population Prospects (1960–2100, retrieved 2026-03-10)
- U.S. Census Bureau (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-02-08)
- Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) (2000–2019, retrieved 2026-02-20)
- Wikidata (2026, retrieved 2026-02-08)
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