The latest officially reported population of Benin was 14,462,724 in 2024 vs 232,679,478 people in Nigeria in 2024. In 2026, based on the adjusted UN estimation, the current Benin's population is 15,272,847 people compared to 243,824,469 in Nigeria.
Population statistics:
- Nigeria's population is 16 times bigger than Benin's.
- Benin is ranked the 76th most populous country in the world, while Nigeria is the 6th.
- The countries together account for 3.13% of the world: 0.18% for Benin vs 2.94% for Nigeria.
- For the last 10 years, Benin has had an average growth rate of +2.77% per year vs +2.31% in Nigeria.
- Since 2006, the population of Benin has increased from 8.69M people to 15.3M (75.7% growth), while Nigeria has grown from 149M to 244M (63.6% growth).
Benin vs Nigeria: population by year and forecast
| Year | Population | |
|---|---|---|
Benin
|
Nigeria
|
|
| 2100 | 39,989,767 | 481,678,166 |
| 2099 | 39,818,651 | 481,494,914 |
| 2098 | 39,641,581 | 481,219,866 |
| 2097 | 39,464,242 | 480,876,108 |
| 2096 | 39,272,978 | 480,460,381 |
| 2095 | 39,075,428 | 479,976,454 |
| 2094 | 38,867,372 | 479,432,855 |
| 2093 | 38,660,011 | 478,807,152 |
| 2092 | 38,444,222 | 478,097,591 |
| 2091 | 38,224,975 | 477,274,569 |
| 2090 | 38,000,359 | 476,367,086 |
| 2089 | 37,763,731 | 475,363,859 |
| 2088 | 37,520,135 | 474,268,867 |
| 2087 | 37,269,361 | 473,072,894 |
| 2086 | 37,016,296 | 471,769,229 |
| 2085 | 36,753,367 | 470,365,292 |
| 2084 | 36,488,045 | 468,843,169 |
| 2083 | 36,211,897 | 467,224,322 |
| 2082 | 35,924,760 | 465,509,151 |
| 2081 | 35,638,090 | 463,679,779 |
| 2080 | 35,345,991 | 461,741,930 |
| 2079 | 35,047,534 | 459,680,797 |
| 2078 | 34,742,657 | 457,513,367 |
| 2077 | 34,432,036 | 455,254,796 |
| 2076 | 34,117,234 | 452,885,729 |
| 2075 | 33,800,615 | 450,402,898 |
| 2074 | 33,470,800 | 447,825,224 |
| 2073 | 33,135,539 | 445,152,156 |
| 2072 | 32,790,810 | 442,375,349 |
| 2071 | 32,445,869 | 439,499,004 |
| 2070 | 32,092,820 | 436,539,777 |
| 2069 | 31,736,135 | 433,472,204 |
| 2068 | 31,381,779 | 430,320,190 |
| 2067 | 31,024,548 | 427,066,199 |
| 2066 | 30,663,928 | 423,736,078 |
| 2065 | 30,295,913 | 420,318,527 |
| 2064 | 29,924,160 | 416,811,285 |
| 2063 | 29,553,482 | 413,231,409 |
| 2062 | 29,180,287 | 409,583,480 |
| 2061 | 28,807,049 | 405,859,509 |
| 2060 | 28,430,337 | 402,073,494 |
| 2059 | 28,050,530 | 398,228,736 |
| 2058 | 27,671,195 | 394,315,883 |
| 2057 | 27,287,039 | 390,341,867 |
| 2056 | 26,904,721 | 386,298,064 |
| 2055 | 26,513,228 | 382,193,151 |
| 2054 | 26,119,305 | 378,030,342 |
| 2053 | 25,728,099 | 373,799,276 |
| 2052 | 25,330,792 | 369,501,634 |
| 2051 | 24,932,463 | 365,149,555 |
| 2050 | 24,533,080 | 360,734,783 |
| 2049 | 24,132,387 | 356,271,401 |
| 2048 | 23,730,545 | 351,752,501 |
| 2047 | 23,328,567 | 347,169,674 |
| 2046 | 22,922,898 | 342,532,578 |
| 2045 | 22,513,616 | 337,834,528 |
| 2044 | 22,110,933 | 333,076,416 |
| 2043 | 21,705,986 | 328,256,555 |
| 2042 | 21,299,816 | 323,388,886 |
| 2041 | 20,896,770 | 318,469,120 |
| 2040 | 20,495,080 | 313,492,800 |
| 2039 | 20,095,504 | 308,474,350 |
| 2038 | 19,696,033 | 303,423,786 |
| 2037 | 19,304,390 | 298,351,344 |
| 2036 | 18,913,667 | 293,250,795 |
| 2035 | 18,524,132 | 288,138,368 |
| 2034 | 18,138,864 | 283,018,151 |
| 2033 | 17,757,920 | 277,897,810 |
| 2032 | 17,380,954 | 272,769,123 |
| 2031 | 17,006,572 | 267,666,779 |
| 2030 | 16,637,754 | 262,583,487 |
| 2029 | 16,267,838 | 257,504,936 |
| 2028 | 15,901,575 | 252,465,743 |
| 2027 | 15,537,274 | 247,457,208 |
| 2026 | 15,174,802 | 242,477,499 |
| 2025 | 14,816,644 | 237,546,527 |
| 2024 | 14,462,724 | 232,679,478 |
| 2023 | 14,111,034 | 227,882,945 |
| 2022 | 13,759,501 | 223,150,896 |
| 2021 | 13,413,417 | 218,529,286 |
| 2020 | 13,070,169 | 213,996,181 |
| 2019 | 12,726,755 | 209,485,641 |
| 2018 | 12,383,347 | 204,938,755 |
| 2017 | 12,039,780 | 200,254,579 |
| 2016 | 11,697,842 | 195,443,700 |
| 2015 | 11,360,681 | 190,671,878 |
| 2014 | 11,030,004 | 185,896,915 |
| 2013 | 10,708,834 | 181,049,443 |
| 2012 | 10,397,657 | 176,200,625 |
| 2011 | 10,093,623 | 171,379,598 |
| 2010 | 9,797,484 | 166,642,886 |
| 2009 | 9,509,423 | 162,049,464 |
| 2008 | 9,228,466 | 157,595,014 |
| 2007 | 8,953,969 | 153,267,261 |
| 2006 | 8,693,242 | 149,077,334 |
| 2005 | 8,426,144 | 145,017,253 |
| 2004 | 8,159,094 | 141,057,045 |
| 2003 | 7,913,070 | 137,202,644 |
| 2002 | 7,675,426 | 133,471,989 |
| 2001 | 7,445,596 | 129,862,595 |
| 2000 | 7,221,619 | 126,382,494 |
| 1999 | 7,002,818 | 123,047,320 |
| 1998 | 6,789,489 | 119,846,254 |
| 1997 | 6,583,365 | 116,754,792 |
| 1996 | 6,391,858 | 113,754,779 |
| 1995 | 6,226,773 | 110,819,428 |
| 1994 | 6,096,506 | 107,935,714 |
| 1993 | 5,872,706 | 105,122,069 |
| 1992 | 5,617,844 | 102,372,770 |
| 1991 | 5,446,932 | 99,720,162 |
| 1990 | 5,281,479 | 97,120,925 |
| 1989 | 5,121,657 | 94,531,014 |
| 1988 | 4,967,341 | 92,020,090 |
| 1987 | 4,818,486 | 89,591,716 |
| 1986 | 4,675,420 | 87,235,953 |
| 1985 | 4,538,012 | 84,897,973 |
| 1984 | 4,405,895 | 82,526,443 |
| 1983 | 4,278,978 | 80,438,260 |
| 1982 | 4,156,596 | 78,378,701 |
| 1981 | 4,038,307 | 76,068,103 |
| 1980 | 3,925,251 | 73,764,641 |
| 1979 | 3,818,528 | 71,498,242 |
| 1978 | 3,718,305 | 69,326,532 |
| 1977 | 3,623,202 | 67,234,590 |
| 1976 | 3,532,196 | 65,258,009 |
| 1975 | 3,445,407 | 63,410,815 |
| 1974 | 3,362,633 | 61,679,144 |
| 1973 | 3,283,496 | 60,082,139 |
| 1972 | 3,207,543 | 58,601,748 |
| 1971 | 3,134,767 | 57,214,684 |
| 1970 | 3,065,057 | 55,893,838 |
| 1969 | 2,998,222 | 54,631,914 |
| 1968 | 2,934,257 | 53,432,783 |
| 1967 | 2,872,997 | 52,293,065 |
| 1966 | 2,814,317 | 51,188,234 |
| 1965 | 2,757,936 | 50,086,764 |
| 1964 | 2,704,003 | 49,012,016 |
| 1963 | 2,652,908 | 47,973,575 |
| 1962 | 2,604,659 | 46,965,292 |
| 1961 | 2,559,223 | 45,989,310 |
| 1960 | 2,517,286 | 45,053,782 |
Data sources: United Nations | World Population Prospects (2025–2100, retrieved 2026-03-10); World Bank | Health (1960–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06).
GeoRank.org/population/benin/nigeria | CC BY 
From 2006 to 2016, the population of Benin increased by 3,004,600 people (a 34.6% growth), while Nigeria gained 46,366,366 people (a 31.1% growth).
For the next 10 years, from 2016 to 2026, Benin gained 3,575,005 people (a 30.6% growth), while Nigeria's population increased by 48,380,769 people (a 24.8% growth).
Benin was ranked 89th most populous country in 2006 and is 76th in 2026. Nigeria was ranked 7th in 2006 and ranked 6th now.
The UN's World Population Prospects forecasts that in 24 years (in 2050) Benin's population will grow by 60.6% to 24,533,080 people with a rank change from 76th to 68th. The population of Nigeria will increase by 47.9% to 360,734,783 people and rank change from 6th to 5th.
Benin is projected to reach its peak in 2100 at 40M people compared to the peak of 482M people in 2100 for Nigeria.
Population growth rate by year
| Year | Growth rate | |
|---|---|---|
|
Benin
|
Nigeria
|
|
| 2100 | 0.43% | 0.04% |
| 2099 | 0.45% | 0.06% |
| 2098 | 0.45% | 0.07% |
| 2097 | 0.49% | 0.09% |
| 2096 | 0.51% | 0.1% |
| 2095 | 0.54% | 0.11% |
| 2094 | 0.54% | 0.13% |
| 2093 | 0.56% | 0.15% |
| 2092 | 0.57% | 0.17% |
| 2091 | 0.59% | 0.19% |
| 2090 | 0.63% | 0.21% |
| 2089 | 0.65% | 0.23% |
| 2088 | 0.67% | 0.25% |
| 2087 | 0.68% | 0.28% |
| 2086 | 0.72% | 0.3% |
| 2085 | 0.73% | 0.32% |
| 2084 | 0.76% | 0.35% |
| 2083 | 0.8% | 0.37% |
| 2082 | 0.8% | 0.39% |
| 2081 | 0.83% | 0.42% |
| 2080 | 0.85% | 0.45% |
| 2079 | 0.88% | 0.47% |
| 2078 | 0.9% | 0.5% |
| 2077 | 0.92% | 0.52% |
| 2076 | 0.94% | 0.55% |
| 2075 | 0.99% | 0.58% |
| 2074 | 1.01% | 0.6% |
| 2073 | 1.05% | 0.63% |
| 2072 | 1.06% | 0.65% |
| 2071 | 1.1% | 0.68% |
| 2070 | 1.12% | 0.71% |
| 2069 | 1.13% | 0.73% |
| 2068 | 1.15% | 0.76% |
| 2067 | 1.18% | 0.79% |
| 2066 | 1.21% | 0.81% |
| 2065 | 1.24% | 0.84% |
| 2064 | 1.25% | 0.87% |
| 2063 | 1.28% | 0.89% |
| 2062 | 1.3% | 0.92% |
| 2061 | 1.33% | 0.94% |
| 2060 | 1.35% | 0.97% |
| 2059 | 1.37% | 0.99% |
| 2058 | 1.41% | 1.02% |
| 2057 | 1.42% | 1.05% |
| 2056 | 1.48% | 1.07% |
| 2055 | 1.51% | 1.1% |
| 2054 | 1.52% | 1.13% |
| 2053 | 1.57% | 1.16% |
| 2052 | 1.6% | 1.19% |
| 2051 | 1.63% | 1.22% |
| 2050 | 1.66% | 1.25% |
| 2049 | 1.69% | 1.28% |
| 2048 | 1.72% | 1.32% |
| 2047 | 1.77% | 1.35% |
| 2046 | 1.82% | 1.39% |
| 2045 | 1.82% | 1.43% |
| 2044 | 1.87% | 1.47% |
| 2043 | 1.91% | 1.51% |
| 2042 | 1.93% | 1.54% |
| 2041 | 1.96% | 1.59% |
| 2040 | 1.99% | 1.63% |
| 2039 | 2.03% | 1.66% |
| 2038 | 2.03% | 1.7% |
| 2037 | 2.07% | 1.74% |
| 2036 | 2.1% | 1.77% |
| 2035 | 2.12% | 1.81% |
| 2034 | 2.15% | 1.84% |
| 2033 | 2.17% | 1.88% |
| 2032 | 2.2% | 1.91% |
| 2031 | 2.22% | 1.94% |
| 2030 | 2.27% | 1.97% |
| 2029 | 2.3% | 2% |
| 2028 | 2.34% | 2.02% |
| 2027 | 2.39% | 2.05% |
| 2026 | 2.42% | 2.08% |
| 2025 | 2.45% | 2.09% |
| 2024 | 2.49% | 2.1% |
| 2023 | 2.55% | 2.12% |
| 2022 | 2.58% | 2.11% |
| 2021 | 2.63% | 2.12% |
| 2020 | 2.7% | 2.15% |
| 2019 | 2.77% | 2.22% |
| 2018 | 2.85% | 2.34% |
| 2017 | 2.92% | 2.46% |
| 2016 | 2.97% | 2.5% |
| 2015 | 3% | 2.57% |
| 2014 | 3% | 2.68% |
| 2013 | 2.99% | 2.75% |
| 2012 | 3.01% | 2.81% |
| 2011 | 3.02% | 2.84% |
| 2010 | 3.03% | 2.83% |
| 2009 | 3.04% | 2.83% |
| 2008 | 3.07% | 2.82% |
| 2007 | 3% | 2.81% |
| 2006 | 3.17% | 2.8% |
| 2005 | 3.27% | 2.81% |
| 2004 | 3.11% | 2.81% |
| 2003 | 3.1% | 2.8% |
| 2002 | 3.09% | 2.78% |
| 2001 | 3.1% | 2.75% |
| 2000 | 3.12% | 2.71% |
| 1999 | 3.14% | 2.67% |
| 1998 | 3.13% | 2.65% |
| 1997 | 3% | 2.64% |
| 1996 | 2.65% | 2.65% |
| 1995 | 2.14% | 2.67% |
| 1994 | 3.81% | 2.68% |
| 1993 | 4.54% | 2.69% |
| 1992 | 3.14% | 2.66% |
| 1991 | 3.13% | 2.68% |
| 1990 | 3.12% | 2.74% |
| 1989 | 3.11% | 2.73% |
| 1988 | 3.09% | 2.71% |
| 1987 | 3.06% | 2.7% |
| 1986 | 3.03% | 2.75% |
| 1985 | 3% | 2.87% |
| 1984 | 2.97% | 2.6% |
| 1983 | 2.94% | 2.63% |
| 1982 | 2.93% | 3.04% |
| 1981 | 2.88% | 3.12% |
| 1980 | 2.79% | 3.17% |
| 1979 | 2.7% | 3.13% |
| 1978 | 2.62% | 3.11% |
| 1977 | 2.58% | 3.03% |
| 1976 | 2.52% | 2.91% |
| 1975 | 2.46% | 2.81% |
| 1974 | 2.41% | 2.66% |
| 1973 | 2.37% | 2.53% |
| 1972 | 2.32% | 2.42% |
| 1971 | 2.27% | 2.36% |
| 1970 | 2.23% | 2.31% |
| 1969 | 2.18% | 2.24% |
| 1968 | 2.13% | 2.18% |
| 1967 | 2.09% | 2.16% |
| 1966 | 2.04% | 2.2% |
| 1965 | 1.99% | 2.19% |
| 1964 | 1.93% | 2.16% |
| 1963 | 1.85% | 2.15% |
| 1962 | 1.78% | 2.12% |
| 1961 | 1.67% | 2.08% |
Data sources: United Nations | World Population Prospects (2025–2100, retrieved 2026-03-10); World Bank | Health (1961–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06).
GeoRank.org/population/benin/nigeria | CC BY
In 2024, the population of Benin grew by 2.49%, while Nigeria's population grew by 2.1%.
Live population counters
|
Benin
|
Nigeria
|
|
|---|---|---|
| Current population |
15272847
|
243824469
|
| Population rank | 76/197 | 6/197 |
| Percent of world population | 0.18% | 2.94% |
| One net population change |
1.49 minutes
|
6.58 seconds
|
| One birth every |
1.1 minutes
|
4.2 seconds
|
| One death every |
4.23 minutes
|
11.8 seconds
|
| Daily growth/decline | +964 | +13,141 |
| Annual growth/decline | +351,690 | +4,796,533 |
| Annual growth/decline rate | +2.49% | +2.1% |
| Population growth rate rank | 27/197 | 48/197 |
| One migration net change every |
1.12 hours
|
34.5 minutes
|
| Annual migration change | -7,847 | -15,258 |
| Net migration rank | 127/196 | 145/196 |
| Foreign-born residents | 418,202 | 1,403,281 |
| Foreign-born residents rank | 88/195 | 49/195 |
| Foreign-born share of population | 2.9% | 0.6% |
| Foreign-born share rank | 118/195 | 173/195 |
Natural population change vs migration
| Year | Population change | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Benin
|
Nigeria
|
|||
| Natural | Migration | Natural | Migration | |
| 2025 | - | -7,847 | - | -15,258 |
| 2024 | - | -7,725 | - | -35,202 |
| 2023 | 353,933 | -192 | 4,834,309 | -57,936 |
| 2022 | 349,518 | -192 | 4,739,502 | -51,680 |
| 2021 | 341,103 | 1,729 | 4,641,562 | -86,115 |
| 2020 | 341,929 | 1,729 | 4,525,164 | -14,497 |
| 2019 | 339,817 | 3,366 | 4,609,941 | -99,722 |
| 2018 | 340,270 | 3,372 | 4,659,898 | -76,565 |
| 2017 | 339,763 | 3,716 | 4,706,183 | 78,685 |
| 2016 | 336,559 | 3,837 | 4,761,594 | 75,265 |
| 2015 | 330,573 | 3,369 | 4,823,045 | -116,162 |
| 2014 | 323,753 | 3,667 | 4,862,319 | -19,376 |
| 2013 | 315,804 | -887 | 4,811,751 | 40,201 |
| 2012 | 306,180 | 1,260 | 4,774,508 | 71,138 |
| 2011 | 296,348 | 4,283 | 4,728,363 | 67,808 |
| 2010 | 287,703 | 3,947 | 4,629,173 | 47,966 |
| 2009 | 280,204 | 4,279 | 4,528,149 | -18,422 |
| 2008 | 274,242 | 3,198 | 4,412,976 | -13,646 |
| 2007 | 271,305 | 241 | 4,265,428 | -9,162 |
| 2006 | 265,040 | -15,135 | 4,135,703 | -12,093 |
| 2005 | 253,795 | 30,495 | 4,013,788 | -17,146 |
| 2004 | 245,630 | 4,173 | 3,877,376 | 46,370 |
| 2003 | 237,962 | 4,283 | 3,751,120 | 33,857 |
| 2002 | 229,472 | 3,572 | 3,606,814 | 69,594 |
| 2001 | 222,877 | 3,732 | 3,478,370 | 64,163 |
| 2000 | 218,013 | 3,335 | 3,343,196 | 74,535 |
| 1999 | 213,074 | 3,177 | 3,155,425 | 97,195 |
| 1998 | 208,342 | 2,051 | 3,003,946 | 145,575 |
| 1997 | 203,182 | -1,322 | 2,936,500 | 96,885 |
| 1996 | 197,643 | -16,490 | 2,882,205 | 84,448 |
| 1995 | 194,481 | -45,469 | 2,830,771 | 73,243 |
| 1994 | 196,637 | -85,128 | 2,735,198 | 128,134 |
| 1993 | 179,858 | 156,223 | 2,673,675 | 90,200 |
| 1992 | 173,794 | -138 | 2,596,173 | 138,412 |
| 1991 | 168,174 | 0 | 2,527,807 | 42,760 |
| 1990 | 163,055 | -333 | 2,491,928 | 135,959 |
| 1989 | 157,235 | -315 | 2,452,324 | 99,588 |
| 1988 | 153,580 | -1,867 | 2,376,419 | 93,510 |
| 1987 | 147,783 | -1,792 | 2,322,397 | 64,418 |
| 1986 | 142,039 | -1,899 | 2,295,003 | 29,682 |
| 1985 | 136,621 | -1,953 | 2,289,784 | 61,514 |
| 1984 | 131,590 | -2,018 | 2,278,060 | 113,758 |
| 1983 | 126,349 | -2,090 | 2,292,089 | -507,539 |
| 1982 | 122,748 | -2,253 | 2,233,401 | 101,116 |
| 1981 | 118,634 | -2,543 | 2,179,884 | 106,723 |
| 1980 | 112,969 | -2,946 | 2,121,618 | 198,672 |
| 1979 | 106,782 | -3,365 | 2,074,807 | 137,721 |
| 1978 | 100,762 | -3,731 | 2,019,621 | 111,258 |
| 1977 | 97,200 | -4,022 | 1,923,917 | 129,075 |
| 1976 | 93,141 | -4,308 | 1,827,289 | 72,889 |
| 1975 | 89,350 | -4,607 | 1,718,623 | 75,603 |
| 1974 | 85,623 | -4,814 | 1,624,813 | 44,281 |
| 1973 | 82,422 | -4,960 | 1,525,485 | -618 |
| 1972 | 79,415 | -4,970 | 1,448,928 | -12,962 |
| 1971 | 76,034 | -4,921 | 1,373,896 | -35,639 |
| 1970 | 73,156 | -4,851 | 1,295,507 | 7,953 |
| 1969 | 70,155 | -4,792 | 1,213,484 | 6,912 |
| 1968 | 67,327 | -4,756 | 1,168,254 | 9,615 |
| 1967 | 64,709 | -4,756 | 1,082,884 | 18,683 |
| 1966 | 62,169 | -4,764 | 1,095,582 | 12,513 |
| 1965 | 60,154 | -4,793 | 1,061,840 | 32,988 |
| 1964 | 57,352 | -4,839 | 1,028,272 | 26,411 |
| 1963 | 54,514 | -4,847 | 995,116 | 27,115 |
| 1962 | 51,664 | -4,844 | 966,452 | 27,906 |
| 1961 | 48,838 | -4,791 | 932,111 | 25,515 |
| 1960 | 44,564 | -4,722 | 901,301 | 12,131 |
Data sources: World Bank | Health (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-04-06).
GeoRank.org/population/benin/nigeria | CC BY
Over the last 10 years, 99.3% of the population change in Benin is from natural causes (a gain of 3,397,218 people) and 0.71% is from migration (a gain of 24,401 people). In Nigeria 99.2% is from natural causes (a gain of 47,163,517 people) and 0.77% is from migration (a loss of 368,103 people).
As of 2024, 418,202 residents or 2.9% of the population were not native-born in Benin, compared to 1,403,281 people or 0.6% in Nigeria.
Biggest cities by population
Compare countries by 7 more topics
Population differences between Benin and Nigeria
|
Benin
|
Nigeria
|
|
|---|---|---|
| Life expectancy | 61.3 years | 55 years |
| Average age | 23.4 years | 23.4 years |
| Median age | 19 years | 19 years |
| Male:Female ratio | 50.1:49.9 | 50.6:49.4 |
| Fertility rate | 4.56 births per woman | 4.48 births per woman |
| Population density | 349 ppl/mi² | 690 ppl/mi² |
Population map with other countries
Data sources: World Bank | Health (1960–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06); United Nations | World Population Prospects (1960–2026, retrieved 2026-03-10); U.S. Census Bureau (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-02-08); Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) (2000–2019, retrieved 2026-02-20).
GeoRank.org/population/benin/nigeria | CC BY
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Data sources:
- World Bank | Health (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-04-06)
- United Nations | World Population Prospects (1960–2100, retrieved 2026-03-10)
- U.S. Census Bureau (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-02-08)
- Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) (2000–2019, retrieved 2026-02-20)
- Wikidata (2026, retrieved 2026-02-08)
Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) — you’re free to copy, share, remix, adapt, and use even commercially as long as you give appropriate credit and clearly indicate if you made changes. Other sources may be subject to different license terms.