The latest officially reported population of Benin was 14,814,460 in 2025 vs 5,152,950 people in Costa Rica in 2025. In 2026, based on the adjusted UN estimation, the current Benin's population is 15,358,725 people compared to 5,186,356 in Costa Rica.
Population statistics:
- Benin's population is 2.96 times bigger than Costa Rica's.
- Benin is ranked the 76th most populous country in the world, while Costa Rica is the 126th.
- The countries together account for 0.25% of the world: 0.18% for Benin vs 0.06% for Costa Rica.
- For the last 10 years, Benin has had an average growth rate of +2.72% per year vs +0.71% in Costa Rica.
- Since 2006, the population of Benin has increased from 8.69M people to 15.4M (76.7% growth), while Costa Rica has grown from 4.32M to 5.19M (20% growth).
Benin vs Costa Rica: population by year and forecast
| Year | Population | |
|---|---|---|
Benin
|
Costa Rica
|
|
| 2100 | 39,983,872 | 3,803,678 |
| 2099 | 39,812,782 | 3,841,913 |
| 2098 | 39,635,737 | 3,880,484 |
| 2097 | 39,458,425 | 3,919,475 |
| 2096 | 39,267,189 | 3,958,826 |
| 2095 | 39,069,668 | 3,998,552 |
| 2094 | 38,861,643 | 4,038,516 |
| 2093 | 38,654,312 | 4,078,807 |
| 2092 | 38,438,555 | 4,119,351 |
| 2091 | 38,219,341 | 4,160,111 |
| 2090 | 37,994,758 | 4,200,989 |
| 2089 | 37,758,164 | 4,241,888 |
| 2088 | 37,514,605 | 4,282,758 |
| 2087 | 37,263,867 | 4,323,650 |
| 2086 | 37,010,840 | 4,364,399 |
| 2085 | 36,747,949 | 4,404,935 |
| 2084 | 36,482,666 | 4,445,179 |
| 2083 | 36,206,559 | 4,485,048 |
| 2082 | 35,919,464 | 4,524,570 |
| 2081 | 35,632,837 | 4,563,658 |
| 2080 | 35,340,781 | 4,602,126 |
| 2079 | 35,042,368 | 4,640,060 |
| 2078 | 34,737,536 | 4,677,313 |
| 2077 | 34,426,961 | 4,713,901 |
| 2076 | 34,112,205 | 4,749,678 |
| 2075 | 33,795,633 | 4,784,723 |
| 2074 | 33,465,867 | 4,819,050 |
| 2073 | 33,130,654 | 4,852,492 |
| 2072 | 32,785,976 | 4,885,078 |
| 2071 | 32,441,087 | 4,916,792 |
| 2070 | 32,088,089 | 4,947,655 |
| 2069 | 31,731,457 | 4,977,764 |
| 2068 | 31,377,153 | 5,006,939 |
| 2067 | 31,019,975 | 5,035,207 |
| 2066 | 30,659,408 | 5,062,849 |
| 2065 | 30,291,447 | 5,089,797 |
| 2064 | 29,919,749 | 5,115,866 |
| 2063 | 29,549,126 | 5,141,239 |
| 2062 | 29,175,986 | 5,165,574 |
| 2061 | 28,802,803 | 5,189,146 |
| 2060 | 28,426,146 | 5,211,857 |
| 2059 | 28,046,395 | 5,233,370 |
| 2058 | 27,667,117 | 5,253,830 |
| 2057 | 27,283,017 | 5,273,143 |
| 2056 | 26,900,755 | 5,291,310 |
| 2055 | 26,509,320 | 5,308,124 |
| 2054 | 26,115,455 | 5,323,598 |
| 2053 | 25,724,306 | 5,337,707 |
| 2052 | 25,327,058 | 5,350,263 |
| 2051 | 24,928,787 | 5,361,152 |
| 2050 | 24,529,464 | 5,370,484 |
| 2049 | 24,128,830 | 5,378,189 |
| 2048 | 23,727,047 | 5,384,366 |
| 2047 | 23,325,128 | 5,388,962 |
| 2046 | 22,919,519 | 5,391,996 |
| 2045 | 22,510,298 | 5,393,493 |
| 2044 | 22,107,673 | 5,393,407 |
| 2043 | 21,702,786 | 5,391,873 |
| 2042 | 21,296,676 | 5,388,912 |
| 2041 | 20,893,690 | 5,384,386 |
| 2040 | 20,492,059 | 5,378,629 |
| 2039 | 20,092,542 | 5,371,473 |
| 2038 | 19,693,130 | 5,362,904 |
| 2037 | 19,301,544 | 5,353,217 |
| 2036 | 18,910,879 | 5,342,317 |
| 2035 | 18,521,401 | 5,330,286 |
| 2034 | 18,136,190 | 5,317,189 |
| 2033 | 17,755,302 | 5,302,930 |
| 2032 | 17,378,392 | 5,287,714 |
| 2031 | 17,004,065 | 5,271,514 |
| 2030 | 16,635,301 | 5,254,366 |
| 2029 | 16,265,440 | 5,236,206 |
| 2028 | 15,899,231 | 5,217,031 |
| 2027 | 15,534,984 | 5,196,723 |
| 2026 | 15,172,565 | 5,175,408 |
| 2025 | 14,814,460 | 5,152,950 |
| 2024 | 14,462,724 | 5,129,910 |
| 2023 | 14,111,034 | 5,105,525 |
| 2022 | 13,759,501 | 5,081,765 |
| 2021 | 13,413,417 | 5,059,988 |
| 2020 | 13,070,169 | 5,034,320 |
| 2019 | 12,726,755 | 4,999,553 |
| 2018 | 12,383,347 | 4,957,818 |
| 2017 | 12,039,780 | 4,913,177 |
| 2016 | 11,697,842 | 4,866,998 |
| 2015 | 11,360,681 | 4,818,038 |
| 2014 | 11,030,004 | 4,767,119 |
| 2013 | 10,708,834 | 4,716,147 |
| 2012 | 10,397,657 | 4,663,934 |
| 2011 | 10,093,623 | 4,609,833 |
| 2010 | 9,797,484 | 4,555,962 |
| 2009 | 9,509,423 | 4,499,791 |
| 2008 | 9,228,466 | 4,440,056 |
| 2007 | 8,953,969 | 4,380,248 |
| 2006 | 8,693,242 | 4,321,340 |
| 2005 | 8,426,144 | 4,261,240 |
| 2004 | 8,159,094 | 4,200,078 |
| 2003 | 7,913,070 | 4,138,784 |
| 2002 | 7,675,426 | 4,075,705 |
| 2001 | 7,445,596 | 4,008,947 |
| 2000 | 7,221,619 | 3,937,739 |
| 1999 | 7,002,818 | 3,862,101 |
| 1998 | 6,789,489 | 3,782,838 |
| 1997 | 6,583,365 | 3,701,711 |
| 1996 | 6,391,858 | 3,619,013 |
| 1995 | 6,226,773 | 3,535,176 |
| 1994 | 6,096,506 | 3,451,122 |
| 1993 | 5,872,706 | 3,367,434 |
| 1992 | 5,617,844 | 3,284,258 |
| 1991 | 5,446,932 | 3,202,176 |
| 1990 | 5,281,479 | 3,121,706 |
| 1989 | 5,121,657 | 3,043,827 |
| 1988 | 4,967,341 | 2,968,103 |
| 1987 | 4,818,486 | 2,892,699 |
| 1986 | 4,675,420 | 2,817,216 |
| 1985 | 4,538,012 | 2,741,894 |
| 1984 | 4,405,895 | 2,667,595 |
| 1983 | 4,278,978 | 2,595,153 |
| 1982 | 4,156,596 | 2,524,806 |
| 1981 | 4,038,307 | 2,456,637 |
| 1980 | 3,925,251 | 2,390,633 |
| 1979 | 3,818,528 | 2,326,490 |
| 1978 | 3,718,305 | 2,264,510 |
| 1977 | 3,623,202 | 2,205,025 |
| 1976 | 3,532,196 | 2,147,774 |
| 1975 | 3,445,407 | 2,092,719 |
| 1974 | 3,362,633 | 2,039,643 |
| 1973 | 3,283,496 | 1,988,343 |
| 1972 | 3,207,543 | 1,938,248 |
| 1971 | 3,134,767 | 1,888,539 |
| 1970 | 3,065,057 | 1,838,949 |
| 1969 | 2,998,222 | 1,789,276 |
| 1968 | 2,934,257 | 1,739,731 |
| 1967 | 2,872,997 | 1,689,523 |
| 1966 | 2,814,317 | 1,638,116 |
| 1965 | 2,757,936 | 1,586,208 |
| 1964 | 2,704,003 | 1,533,960 |
| 1963 | 2,652,908 | 1,481,604 |
| 1962 | 2,604,659 | 1,429,445 |
| 1961 | 2,559,223 | 1,377,920 |
| 1960 | 2,517,286 | 1,327,496 |
Data sources: United Nations | World Population Prospects (2026–2100, retrieved 2026-07-08); World Bank | Health (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08).
GeoRank.org/population/benin/costa-rica | CC BY 
From 2006 to 2016, the population of Benin increased by 3,004,600 people (a 34.6% growth), while Costa Rica gained 545,658 people (a 12.6% growth).
For the next 10 years, from 2016 to 2026, Benin gained 3,660,883 people (a 31.3% growth), while Costa Rica's population increased by 319,358 people (a 6.56% growth).
Benin was ranked 89th most populous country in 2006 and is 76th in 2026. Costa Rica was ranked 119th in 2006 and ranked 126th now.
The UN's World Population Prospects forecasts that in 24 years (in 2050) Benin's population will grow by 59.7% to 24,529,464 people with a rank change from 76th to 68th. The population of Costa Rica will increase by 3.55% to 5,370,484 people and rank change from 126th to 127th.
Benin is projected to reach its peak in 2100 at 40M people compared to the peak of 5.39M people in 2045 for Costa Rica.
Population growth rate by year
| Year | Growth rate | |
|---|---|---|
|
Benin
|
Costa Rica
|
|
| 2100 | 0.43% | -1% |
| 2099 | 0.45% | -0.99% |
| 2098 | 0.45% | -0.99% |
| 2097 | 0.49% | -0.99% |
| 2096 | 0.51% | -0.99% |
| 2095 | 0.54% | -0.99% |
| 2094 | 0.54% | -0.99% |
| 2093 | 0.56% | -0.98% |
| 2092 | 0.57% | -0.98% |
| 2091 | 0.59% | -0.97% |
| 2090 | 0.63% | -0.96% |
| 2089 | 0.65% | -0.95% |
| 2088 | 0.67% | -0.95% |
| 2087 | 0.68% | -0.93% |
| 2086 | 0.72% | -0.92% |
| 2085 | 0.73% | -0.91% |
| 2084 | 0.76% | -0.89% |
| 2083 | 0.8% | -0.87% |
| 2082 | 0.8% | -0.86% |
| 2081 | 0.83% | -0.84% |
| 2080 | 0.85% | -0.82% |
| 2079 | 0.88% | -0.8% |
| 2078 | 0.9% | -0.78% |
| 2077 | 0.92% | -0.75% |
| 2076 | 0.94% | -0.73% |
| 2075 | 0.99% | -0.71% |
| 2074 | 1.01% | -0.69% |
| 2073 | 1.05% | -0.67% |
| 2072 | 1.06% | -0.65% |
| 2071 | 1.1% | -0.62% |
| 2070 | 1.12% | -0.6% |
| 2069 | 1.13% | -0.58% |
| 2068 | 1.15% | -0.56% |
| 2067 | 1.18% | -0.55% |
| 2066 | 1.21% | -0.53% |
| 2065 | 1.24% | -0.51% |
| 2064 | 1.25% | -0.49% |
| 2063 | 1.28% | -0.47% |
| 2062 | 1.3% | -0.45% |
| 2061 | 1.33% | -0.44% |
| 2060 | 1.35% | -0.41% |
| 2059 | 1.37% | -0.39% |
| 2058 | 1.41% | -0.37% |
| 2057 | 1.42% | -0.34% |
| 2056 | 1.48% | -0.32% |
| 2055 | 1.51% | -0.29% |
| 2054 | 1.52% | -0.26% |
| 2053 | 1.57% | -0.23% |
| 2052 | 1.6% | -0.2% |
| 2051 | 1.63% | -0.17% |
| 2050 | 1.66% | -0.14% |
| 2049 | 1.69% | -0.11% |
| 2048 | 1.72% | -0.09% |
| 2047 | 1.77% | -0.06% |
| 2046 | 1.82% | -0.03% |
| 2045 | 1.82% | 0.002% |
| 2044 | 1.87% | 0.03% |
| 2043 | 1.91% | 0.05% |
| 2042 | 1.93% | 0.08% |
| 2041 | 1.96% | 0.11% |
| 2040 | 1.99% | 0.13% |
| 2039 | 2.03% | 0.16% |
| 2038 | 2.03% | 0.18% |
| 2037 | 2.07% | 0.2% |
| 2036 | 2.1% | 0.23% |
| 2035 | 2.12% | 0.25% |
| 2034 | 2.15% | 0.27% |
| 2033 | 2.17% | 0.29% |
| 2032 | 2.2% | 0.31% |
| 2031 | 2.22% | 0.33% |
| 2030 | 2.27% | 0.35% |
| 2029 | 2.3% | 0.37% |
| 2028 | 2.34% | 0.39% |
| 2027 | 2.39% | 0.41% |
| 2026 | 2.42% | 0.44% |
| 2025 | 2.43% | 0.45% |
| 2024 | 2.49% | 0.48% |
| 2023 | 2.55% | 0.47% |
| 2022 | 2.58% | 0.43% |
| 2021 | 2.63% | 0.51% |
| 2020 | 2.7% | 0.7% |
| 2019 | 2.77% | 0.84% |
| 2018 | 2.85% | 0.91% |
| 2017 | 2.92% | 0.95% |
| 2016 | 2.97% | 1.02% |
| 2015 | 3% | 1.07% |
| 2014 | 3% | 1.08% |
| 2013 | 2.99% | 1.12% |
| 2012 | 3.01% | 1.17% |
| 2011 | 3.02% | 1.18% |
| 2010 | 3.03% | 1.25% |
| 2009 | 3.04% | 1.35% |
| 2008 | 3.07% | 1.37% |
| 2007 | 3% | 1.36% |
| 2006 | 3.17% | 1.41% |
| 2005 | 3.27% | 1.46% |
| 2004 | 3.11% | 1.48% |
| 2003 | 3.1% | 1.55% |
| 2002 | 3.09% | 1.67% |
| 2001 | 3.1% | 1.81% |
| 2000 | 3.12% | 1.96% |
| 1999 | 3.14% | 2.1% |
| 1998 | 3.13% | 2.19% |
| 1997 | 3% | 2.29% |
| 1996 | 2.65% | 2.37% |
| 1995 | 2.14% | 2.44% |
| 1994 | 3.81% | 2.49% |
| 1993 | 4.54% | 2.53% |
| 1992 | 3.14% | 2.56% |
| 1991 | 3.13% | 2.58% |
| 1990 | 3.12% | 2.56% |
| 1989 | 3.11% | 2.55% |
| 1988 | 3.09% | 2.61% |
| 1987 | 3.06% | 2.68% |
| 1986 | 3.03% | 2.75% |
| 1985 | 3% | 2.79% |
| 1984 | 2.97% | 2.79% |
| 1983 | 2.94% | 2.79% |
| 1982 | 2.93% | 2.77% |
| 1981 | 2.88% | 2.76% |
| 1980 | 2.79% | 2.76% |
| 1979 | 2.7% | 2.74% |
| 1978 | 2.62% | 2.7% |
| 1977 | 2.58% | 2.67% |
| 1976 | 2.52% | 2.63% |
| 1975 | 2.46% | 2.6% |
| 1974 | 2.41% | 2.58% |
| 1973 | 2.37% | 2.58% |
| 1972 | 2.32% | 2.63% |
| 1971 | 2.27% | 2.7% |
| 1970 | 2.23% | 2.78% |
| 1969 | 2.18% | 2.85% |
| 1968 | 2.13% | 2.97% |
| 1967 | 2.09% | 3.14% |
| 1966 | 2.04% | 3.27% |
| 1965 | 1.99% | 3.41% |
| 1964 | 1.93% | 3.53% |
| 1963 | 1.85% | 3.65% |
| 1962 | 1.78% | 3.74% |
| 1961 | 1.67% | 3.8% |
Data sources: United Nations | World Population Prospects (2026–2100, retrieved 2026-07-08); World Bank | Health (1961–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08).
GeoRank.org/population/benin/costa-rica | CC BY
In 2025, the population of Benin grew by 2.43%, while Costa Rica's population grew by 0.45%.
Live population counters
|
Benin
|
Costa Rica
|
|
|---|---|---|
| Current population |
15358725
|
5186356
|
| Population rank | 76/197 | 126/197 |
| Percent of world population | 0.18% | 0.06% |
| One net population change |
1.5 minutes
|
22.9 minutes
|
| One birth every |
1.09 minutes
|
10.3 minutes
|
| One death every |
4.17 minutes
|
18.4 minutes
|
| Daily growth/decline | +964 | +63 |
| Annual growth/decline | +351,736 | +23,040 |
| Annual growth/decline rate | +2.43% | +0.45% |
| Population growth rate rank | 27/197 | 134/197 |
| One migration net change every |
1.12 hours
|
8.78 hours
|
| Annual migration change | -7,847 | +1,000 |
| Net migration rank | 127/196 | 63/196 |
| Foreign-born residents | 418,202 | 628,404 |
| Foreign-born residents rank | 88/195 | 75/195 |
| Foreign-born share of population | 2.9% | 12.2% |
| Foreign-born share rank | 118/195 | 55/195 |
Natural population change vs migration
| Year | Population change | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Benin
|
Costa Rica
|
|||
| Natural | Migration | Natural | Migration | |
| 2025 | - | -7,847 | - | 1,000 |
| 2024 | 357,359 | -7,725 | 22,699 | 967 |
| 2023 | 353,933 | -192 | 24,109 | 995 |
| 2022 | 349,518 | -192 | 21,409 | 1,006 |
| 2021 | 341,103 | 1,729 | 20,119 | 1,018 |
| 2020 | 341,929 | 1,729 | 29,164 | 1,029 |
| 2019 | 339,817 | 3,366 | 37,682 | 1,653 |
| 2018 | 340,270 | 3,372 | 42,469 | 1,673 |
| 2017 | 339,763 | 3,716 | 43,471 | 1,671 |
| 2016 | 336,559 | 3,837 | 45,565 | 1,649 |
| 2015 | 330,573 | 3,369 | 49,077 | 1,617 |
| 2014 | 323,753 | 3,667 | 49,559 | 1,589 |
| 2013 | 315,804 | -887 | 49,227 | 1,579 |
| 2012 | 306,180 | 1,260 | 52,036 | 1,587 |
| 2011 | 296,348 | 4,283 | 52,884 | 1,695 |
| 2010 | 287,703 | 3,947 | 50,803 | 2,357 |
| 2009 | 280,204 | 4,279 | 55,757 | 3,432 |
| 2008 | 274,242 | 3,198 | 56,491 | 3,794 |
| 2007 | 271,305 | 241 | 55,244 | 4,080 |
| 2006 | 265,040 | -15,135 | 54,177 | 4,321 |
| 2005 | 253,795 | 30,495 | 57,139 | 4,567 |
| 2004 | 245,630 | 4,173 | 55,769 | 4,856 |
| 2003 | 237,962 | 4,283 | 56,743 | 5,216 |
| 2002 | 229,472 | 3,572 | 58,388 | 5,812 |
| 2001 | 222,877 | 3,732 | 62,199 | 7,119 |
| 2000 | 218,013 | 3,335 | 64,268 | 8,826 |
| 1999 | 213,074 | 3,177 | 64,922 | 13,253 |
| 1998 | 208,342 | 2,051 | 64,788 | 15,556 |
| 1997 | 203,182 | -1,322 | 64,954 | 16,954 |
| 1996 | 197,643 | -16,490 | 66,094 | 17,393 |
| 1995 | 194,481 | -45,469 | 67,585 | 16,609 |
| 1994 | 196,637 | -85,128 | 68,336 | 15,587 |
| 1993 | 179,858 | 156,223 | 69,016 | 14,431 |
| 1992 | 173,794 | -138 | 69,830 | 13,069 |
| 1991 | 168,174 | 0 | 70,506 | 10,757 |
| 1990 | 163,055 | -333 | 71,727 | 7,949 |
| 1989 | 157,235 | -315 | 72,327 | 3,758 |
| 1988 | 153,580 | -1,867 | 72,944 | 2,414 |
| 1987 | 147,783 | -1,792 | 73,188 | 2,267 |
| 1986 | 142,039 | -1,899 | 73,211 | 2,302 |
| 1985 | 136,621 | -1,953 | 72,776 | 2,357 |
| 1984 | 131,590 | -2,018 | 71,062 | 2,402 |
| 1983 | 126,349 | -2,090 | 68,972 | 2,449 |
| 1982 | 122,748 | -2,253 | 66,826 | 2,453 |
| 1981 | 118,634 | -2,543 | 64,632 | 2,431 |
| 1980 | 112,969 | -2,946 | 62,561 | 2,387 |
| 1979 | 106,782 | -3,365 | 60,984 | 2,349 |
| 1978 | 100,762 | -3,731 | 58,327 | 2,296 |
| 1977 | 97,200 | -4,022 | 56,122 | 2,228 |
| 1976 | 93,141 | -4,308 | 54,019 | 2,129 |
| 1975 | 89,350 | -4,607 | 51,979 | 1,992 |
| 1974 | 85,623 | -4,814 | 50,349 | 1,839 |
| 1973 | 82,422 | -4,960 | 48,943 | 1,468 |
| 1972 | 79,415 | -4,970 | 48,417 | 1,366 |
| 1971 | 76,034 | -4,921 | 48,341 | 1,296 |
| 1970 | 73,156 | -4,851 | 48,398 | 1,137 |
| 1969 | 70,155 | -4,792 | 48,790 | 1,017 |
| 1968 | 67,327 | -4,756 | 48,361 | 939 |
| 1967 | 64,709 | -4,756 | 50,193 | 926 |
| 1966 | 62,169 | -4,764 | 50,755 | 930 |
| 1965 | 60,154 | -4,793 | 51,196 | 932 |
| 1964 | 57,352 | -4,839 | 51,435 | 934 |
| 1963 | 54,514 | -4,847 | 51,403 | 938 |
| 1962 | 51,664 | -4,844 | 51,046 | 934 |
| 1961 | 48,838 | -4,791 | 50,149 | 924 |
| 1960 | 44,564 | -4,722 | 48,857 | 910 |
Data sources: World Bank | Health (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08).
GeoRank.org/population/benin/costa-rica | CC BY
Over the last 10 years, 99.6% of the population change in Benin is from natural causes (a gain of 3,430,824 people) and 0.38% is from migration (a gain of 13,009 people). In Costa Rica 96.2% is from natural causes (a gain of 335,764 people) and 3.8% is from migration (a gain of 13,278 people).
As of 2024, 418,202 residents or 2.9% of the population were not native-born in Benin, compared to 628,404 people or 12.2% in Costa Rica.
Biggest cities by population
|
Benin
|
|
|---|---|
| City | Population |
| Cotonou | 780K |
| Porto-Novo | 234K |
| Abomey | 90.2K |
| Save | 31.4K |
|
Costa Rica
|
|
|---|---|
| City | Population |
| San Jose | 335K |
| Limon | 71.5K |
| Liberia | 65.9K |
| Alajuela | 44.4K |
| Puntarenas | 41.5K |
| Cartago | 22.8K |
| Heredia | 16.7K |
| Tamarindo | 7.13K |
| Santa Teresa | 3K |
Compare countries by 7 more topics
Population differences between Benin and Costa Rica
|
Benin
|
Costa Rica
|
|
|---|---|---|
| Life expectancy | 61.3 years | 81.4 years |
| Average age | 23.5 years | 37.5 years |
| Median age | 19.1 years | 36.2 years |
| Male:Female ratio | 50.2:49.8 | 49.4:50.6 |
| Fertility rate | 4.48 births per woman | 1.32 births per woman |
| Population density | 348 ppl/mi² | 262.5 ppl/mi² |
Population map with other countries
Data sources: World Bank | Health (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08); United Nations | World Population Prospects (1960–2026, retrieved 2026-07-08); U.S. Census Bureau (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08); Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) (2000–2019, retrieved 2026-07-08).
GeoRank.org/population/benin/costa-rica | CC BY
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Data sources:
- World Bank | Health (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08)
- United Nations | World Population Prospects (1960–2100, retrieved 2026-07-08)
- U.S. Census Bureau (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08)
- Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) (2000–2019, retrieved 2026-07-08)
- Wikidata (2026, retrieved 2026-07-08)
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