The latest officially reported population of Israel was 9,974,400 in 2024 vs 5,169,395 people in Mauritania in 2024. In 2026, based on the adjusted UN estimation, the current Israel's population is 10,290,887 people compared to 5,505,206 in Mauritania.
Population statistics:
- Israel's population is 1.87 times bigger than Mauritania's.
- Israel is ranked the 95th most populous country in the world, while Mauritania is the 122nd.
- The countries together account for 0.19% of the world: 0.12% for Israel vs 0.07% for Mauritania.
- For the last 10 years, Israel has had an average growth rate of +1.96% per year vs +3% in Mauritania.
- Since 2006, the population of Israel has increased from 7.05M people to 10.3M (45.9% growth), while Mauritania has grown from 3.01M to 5.51M (82.7% growth).
Israel vs Mauritania: population by year and forecast
| Year | Population | |
|---|---|---|
Israel
|
Mauritania
|
|
| 2100 | 21,079,031 | 17,309,980 |
| 2099 | 20,971,907 | 17,202,690 |
| 2098 | 20,869,188 | 17,090,030 |
| 2097 | 20,764,637 | 16,975,270 |
| 2096 | 20,651,056 | 16,857,252 |
| 2095 | 20,537,392 | 16,739,240 |
| 2094 | 20,420,251 | 16,617,272 |
| 2093 | 20,294,077 | 16,492,589 |
| 2092 | 20,167,075 | 16,366,098 |
| 2091 | 20,038,540 | 16,235,771 |
| 2090 | 19,910,123 | 16,103,700 |
| 2089 | 19,788,579 | 15,969,059 |
| 2088 | 19,660,357 | 15,831,339 |
| 2087 | 19,527,597 | 15,690,143 |
| 2086 | 19,388,628 | 15,547,605 |
| 2085 | 19,246,899 | 15,403,967 |
| 2084 | 19,099,510 | 15,257,740 |
| 2083 | 18,955,502 | 15,108,271 |
| 2082 | 18,813,463 | 14,958,279 |
| 2081 | 18,667,367 | 14,805,332 |
| 2080 | 18,512,469 | 14,651,508 |
| 2079 | 18,362,060 | 14,496,397 |
| 2078 | 18,208,724 | 14,337,117 |
| 2077 | 18,053,774 | 14,175,812 |
| 2076 | 17,908,513 | 14,013,255 |
| 2075 | 17,761,880 | 13,849,027 |
| 2074 | 17,618,257 | 13,684,146 |
| 2073 | 17,477,875 | 13,517,681 |
| 2072 | 17,343,227 | 13,349,376 |
| 2071 | 17,195,556 | 13,178,237 |
| 2070 | 17,043,216 | 13,007,812 |
| 2069 | 16,890,521 | 12,835,311 |
| 2068 | 16,742,334 | 12,662,862 |
| 2067 | 16,593,617 | 12,487,379 |
| 2066 | 16,448,006 | 12,311,503 |
| 2065 | 16,297,575 | 12,136,616 |
| 2064 | 16,152,550 | 11,958,955 |
| 2063 | 15,997,249 | 11,783,144 |
| 2062 | 15,847,545 | 11,606,044 |
| 2061 | 15,695,962 | 11,428,738 |
| 2060 | 15,537,020 | 11,251,427 |
| 2059 | 15,383,512 | 11,072,236 |
| 2058 | 15,227,838 | 10,892,076 |
| 2057 | 15,069,709 | 10,713,858 |
| 2056 | 14,910,638 | 10,536,935 |
| 2055 | 14,746,579 | 10,358,532 |
| 2054 | 14,578,352 | 10,179,658 |
| 2053 | 14,414,886 | 9,999,712 |
| 2052 | 14,252,277 | 9,819,098 |
| 2051 | 14,090,930 | 9,639,209 |
| 2050 | 13,927,651 | 9,461,249 |
| 2049 | 13,765,178 | 9,283,353 |
| 2048 | 13,606,737 | 9,104,299 |
| 2047 | 13,448,310 | 8,926,851 |
| 2046 | 13,286,110 | 8,748,845 |
| 2045 | 13,126,049 | 8,572,397 |
| 2044 | 12,960,184 | 8,397,189 |
| 2043 | 12,796,533 | 8,222,194 |
| 2042 | 12,632,183 | 8,048,139 |
| 2041 | 12,471,494 | 7,876,803 |
| 2040 | 12,312,998 | 7,706,696 |
| 2039 | 12,152,920 | 7,537,689 |
| 2038 | 11,995,851 | 7,369,184 |
| 2037 | 11,841,052 | 7,202,472 |
| 2036 | 11,693,469 | 7,036,729 |
| 2035 | 11,543,041 | 6,871,981 |
| 2034 | 11,396,608 | 6,708,364 |
| 2033 | 11,252,344 | 6,546,168 |
| 2032 | 11,108,763 | 6,385,827 |
| 2031 | 10,961,050 | 6,227,564 |
| 2030 | 10,815,614 | 6,070,865 |
| 2029 | 10,675,258 | 5,916,516 |
| 2028 | 10,533,711 | 5,764,060 |
| 2027 | 10,393,227 | 5,613,919 |
| 2026 | 10,252,942 | 5,464,898 |
| 2025 | 10,113,937 | 5,317,228 |
| 2024 | 9,974,400 | 5,169,395 |
| 2023 | 9,849,000 | 5,022,441 |
| 2022 | 9,557,500 | 4,875,637 |
| 2021 | 9,371,400 | 4,734,874 |
| 2020 | 9,215,100 | 4,600,131 |
| 2019 | 9,054,000 | 4,467,708 |
| 2018 | 8,882,800 | 4,337,685 |
| 2017 | 8,713,300 | 4,210,600 |
| 2016 | 8,546,000 | 4,086,657 |
| 2015 | 8,380,100 | 3,965,959 |
| 2014 | 8,215,700 | 3,848,514 |
| 2013 | 8,059,500 | 3,734,318 |
| 2012 | 7,910,500 | 3,619,034 |
| 2011 | 7,765,800 | 3,502,811 |
| 2010 | 7,623,600 | 3,390,965 |
| 2009 | 7,485,600 | 3,284,448 |
| 2008 | 7,308,800 | 3,183,269 |
| 2007 | 7,180,100 | 3,093,059 |
| 2006 | 7,053,700 | 3,013,660 |
| 2005 | 6,930,100 | 2,939,059 |
| 2004 | 6,809,000 | 2,868,664 |
| 2003 | 6,689,700 | 2,802,046 |
| 2002 | 6,570,000 | 2,738,655 |
| 2001 | 6,439,000 | 2,678,760 |
| 2000 | 6,289,000 | 2,613,441 |
| 1999 | 6,125,000 | 2,541,698 |
| 1998 | 5,971,000 | 2,474,651 |
| 1997 | 5,836,000 | 2,411,306 |
| 1996 | 5,692,000 | 2,358,188 |
| 1995 | 5,545,000 | 2,312,017 |
| 1994 | 5,399,000 | 2,249,454 |
| 1993 | 5,261,000 | 2,174,328 |
| 1992 | 5,123,000 | 2,088,135 |
| 1991 | 4,949,000 | 2,009,738 |
| 1990 | 4,660,000 | 1,951,878 |
| 1989 | 4,518,000 | 1,903,048 |
| 1988 | 4,442,000 | 1,855,859 |
| 1987 | 4,369,000 | 1,803,014 |
| 1986 | 4,299,000 | 1,751,835 |
| 1985 | 4,233,000 | 1,702,107 |
| 1984 | 4,159,000 | 1,653,693 |
| 1983 | 4,105,000 | 1,606,746 |
| 1982 | 4,031,000 | 1,561,176 |
| 1981 | 3,956,000 | 1,516,877 |
| 1980 | 3,878,000 | 1,474,043 |
| 1979 | 3,786,000 | 1,432,758 |
| 1978 | 3,690,000 | 1,392,713 |
| 1977 | 3,613,000 | 1,353,768 |
| 1976 | 3,533,000 | 1,315,336 |
| 1975 | 3,455,000 | 1,277,330 |
| 1974 | 3,377,000 | 1,240,188 |
| 1973 | 3,278,000 | 1,203,838 |
| 1972 | 3,148,000 | 1,168,355 |
| 1971 | 3,069,000 | 1,133,702 |
| 1970 | 2,974,000 | 1,099,806 |
| 1969 | 2,877,000 | 1,066,754 |
| 1968 | 2,803,000 | 1,034,739 |
| 1967 | 2,745,000 | 1,003,843 |
| 1966 | 2,629,000 | 974,157 |
| 1965 | 2,563,000 | 945,838 |
| 1964 | 2,475,000 | 918,955 |
| 1963 | 2,379,000 | 893,423 |
| 1962 | 2,293,000 | 869,184 |
| 1961 | 2,185,000 | 846,167 |
| 1960 | 2,114,020 | 824,298 |
Data sources: United Nations | World Population Prospects (2025–2100, retrieved 2026-03-10); World Bank | Health (1960–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06).
GeoRank.org/population/israel/mauritania | CC BY 
From 2006 to 2016, the population of Israel increased by 1,492,300 people (a 21.2% growth), while Mauritania gained 1,072,997 people (a 35.6% growth).
For the next 10 years, from 2016 to 2026, Israel gained 1,744,887 people (a 20.4% growth), while Mauritania's population increased by 1,418,549 people (a 34.7% growth).
Israel was ranked 99th most populous country in 2006 and is 95th in 2026. Mauritania was ranked 132nd in 2006 and ranked 122nd now.
The UN's World Population Prospects forecasts that in 24 years (in 2050) Israel's population will grow by 35.3% to 13,927,651 people with a rank change from 95th to 88th. The population of Mauritania will increase by 71.9% to 9,461,249 people and rank change from 122nd to 102nd.
Israel is projected to reach its peak in 2100 at 21.1M people compared to the peak of 17.3M people in 2100 for Mauritania.
Population growth rate by year
| Year | Growth rate | |
|---|---|---|
|
Israel
|
Mauritania
|
|
| 2100 | 0.51% | 0.62% |
| 2099 | 0.49% | 0.66% |
| 2098 | 0.5% | 0.68% |
| 2097 | 0.55% | 0.7% |
| 2096 | 0.55% | 0.7% |
| 2095 | 0.57% | 0.73% |
| 2094 | 0.62% | 0.76% |
| 2093 | 0.63% | 0.77% |
| 2092 | 0.64% | 0.8% |
| 2091 | 0.64% | 0.82% |
| 2090 | 0.61% | 0.84% |
| 2089 | 0.65% | 0.87% |
| 2088 | 0.68% | 0.9% |
| 2087 | 0.72% | 0.92% |
| 2086 | 0.74% | 0.93% |
| 2085 | 0.77% | 0.96% |
| 2084 | 0.76% | 0.99% |
| 2083 | 0.75% | 1% |
| 2082 | 0.78% | 1.03% |
| 2081 | 0.84% | 1.05% |
| 2080 | 0.82% | 1.07% |
| 2079 | 0.84% | 1.11% |
| 2078 | 0.86% | 1.14% |
| 2077 | 0.81% | 1.16% |
| 2076 | 0.83% | 1.19% |
| 2075 | 0.82% | 1.2% |
| 2074 | 0.8% | 1.23% |
| 2073 | 0.78% | 1.26% |
| 2072 | 0.86% | 1.3% |
| 2071 | 0.89% | 1.31% |
| 2070 | 0.9% | 1.34% |
| 2069 | 0.89% | 1.36% |
| 2068 | 0.9% | 1.41% |
| 2067 | 0.89% | 1.43% |
| 2066 | 0.92% | 1.44% |
| 2065 | 0.9% | 1.49% |
| 2064 | 0.97% | 1.49% |
| 2063 | 0.94% | 1.53% |
| 2062 | 0.97% | 1.55% |
| 2061 | 1.02% | 1.58% |
| 2060 | 1% | 1.62% |
| 2059 | 1.02% | 1.65% |
| 2058 | 1.05% | 1.66% |
| 2057 | 1.07% | 1.68% |
| 2056 | 1.11% | 1.72% |
| 2055 | 1.15% | 1.76% |
| 2054 | 1.13% | 1.8% |
| 2053 | 1.14% | 1.84% |
| 2052 | 1.15% | 1.87% |
| 2051 | 1.17% | 1.88% |
| 2050 | 1.18% | 1.92% |
| 2049 | 1.16% | 1.97% |
| 2048 | 1.18% | 1.99% |
| 2047 | 1.22% | 2.03% |
| 2046 | 1.22% | 2.06% |
| 2045 | 1.28% | 2.09% |
| 2044 | 1.28% | 2.13% |
| 2043 | 1.3% | 2.16% |
| 2042 | 1.29% | 2.18% |
| 2041 | 1.29% | 2.21% |
| 2040 | 1.32% | 2.24% |
| 2039 | 1.31% | 2.29% |
| 2038 | 1.31% | 2.31% |
| 2037 | 1.26% | 2.36% |
| 2036 | 1.3% | 2.4% |
| 2035 | 1.28% | 2.44% |
| 2034 | 1.28% | 2.48% |
| 2033 | 1.29% | 2.51% |
| 2032 | 1.35% | 2.54% |
| 2031 | 1.34% | 2.58% |
| 2030 | 1.31% | 2.61% |
| 2029 | 1.34% | 2.64% |
| 2028 | 1.35% | 2.67% |
| 2027 | 1.37% | 2.73% |
| 2026 | 1.37% | 2.78% |
| 2025 | 1.4% | 2.86% |
| 2024 | 1.27% | 2.93% |
| 2023 | 3.05% | 3.01% |
| 2022 | 1.99% | 2.97% |
| 2021 | 1.7% | 2.93% |
| 2020 | 1.78% | 2.96% |
| 2019 | 1.93% | 3% |
| 2018 | 1.95% | 3.02% |
| 2017 | 1.96% | 3.03% |
| 2016 | 1.98% | 3.04% |
| 2015 | 2% | 3.05% |
| 2014 | 1.94% | 3.06% |
| 2013 | 1.88% | 3.19% |
| 2012 | 1.86% | 3.32% |
| 2011 | 1.87% | 3.3% |
| 2010 | 1.84% | 3.24% |
| 2009 | 2.42% | 3.18% |
| 2008 | 1.79% | 2.92% |
| 2007 | 1.79% | 2.63% |
| 2006 | 1.78% | 2.54% |
| 2005 | 1.78% | 2.45% |
| 2004 | 1.78% | 2.38% |
| 2003 | 1.82% | 2.31% |
| 2002 | 2.03% | 2.24% |
| 2001 | 2.39% | 2.5% |
| 2000 | 2.68% | 2.82% |
| 1999 | 2.58% | 2.71% |
| 1998 | 2.31% | 2.63% |
| 1997 | 2.53% | 2.25% |
| 1996 | 2.65% | 2% |
| 1995 | 2.7% | 2.78% |
| 1994 | 2.62% | 3.46% |
| 1993 | 2.69% | 4.13% |
| 1992 | 3.52% | 3.9% |
| 1991 | 6.2% | 2.96% |
| 1990 | 3.14% | 2.57% |
| 1989 | 1.71% | 2.54% |
| 1988 | 1.67% | 2.93% |
| 1987 | 1.63% | 2.92% |
| 1986 | 1.56% | 2.92% |
| 1985 | 1.78% | 2.93% |
| 1984 | 1.32% | 2.92% |
| 1983 | 1.84% | 2.92% |
| 1982 | 1.9% | 2.92% |
| 1981 | 2.01% | 2.91% |
| 1980 | 2.43% | 2.88% |
| 1979 | 2.6% | 2.88% |
| 1978 | 2.13% | 2.88% |
| 1977 | 2.26% | 2.92% |
| 1976 | 2.26% | 2.98% |
| 1975 | 2.31% | 2.99% |
| 1974 | 3.02% | 3.02% |
| 1973 | 4.13% | 3.04% |
| 1972 | 2.57% | 3.06% |
| 1971 | 3.19% | 3.08% |
| 1970 | 3.37% | 3.1% |
| 1969 | 2.64% | 3.09% |
| 1968 | 2.11% | 3.08% |
| 1967 | 4.41% | 3.05% |
| 1966 | 2.58% | 2.99% |
| 1965 | 3.56% | 2.93% |
| 1964 | 4.04% | 2.86% |
| 1963 | 3.75% | 2.79% |
| 1962 | 4.94% | 2.72% |
| 1961 | 3.36% | 2.65% |
Data sources: United Nations | World Population Prospects (2025–2100, retrieved 2026-03-10); World Bank | Health (1961–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06).
GeoRank.org/population/israel/mauritania | CC BY
In 2024, the population of Israel grew by 1.27%, while Mauritania's population grew by 2.93%.
Live population counters
|
Israel
|
Mauritania
|
|
|---|---|---|
| Current population |
10290887
|
5505206
|
| Population rank | 95/197 | 122/197 |
| Percent of world population | 0.12% | 0.07% |
| One net population change |
4.19 minutes
|
3.58 minutes
|
| One birth every |
2.87 minutes
|
3.04 minutes
|
| One death every |
10.3 minutes
|
19 minutes
|
| Daily growth/decline | +344 | +403 |
| Annual growth/decline | +125,400 | +146,954 |
| Annual growth/decline rate | +1.27% | +2.93% |
| Population growth rate rank | 84/197 | 17/197 |
| One migration net change every |
46 minutes
|
1.74 hours
|
| Annual migration change | +11,466 | -5,044 |
| Net migration rank | 42/196 | 115/196 |
| Foreign-born residents | 2,091,569 | 195,937 |
| Foreign-born residents rank | 35/195 | 113/195 |
| Foreign-born share of population | 22.3% | 3.8% |
| Foreign-born share rank | 26/195 | 107/195 |
Natural population change vs migration
| Year | Population change | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Israel
|
Mauritania
|
|||
| Natural | Migration | Natural | Migration | |
| 2025 | - | 11,466 | - | -5,044 |
| 2024 | - | 10,612 | - | -2,185 |
| 2023 | 131,977 | 9,999 | 145,164 | 2,999 |
| 2022 | 129,982 | 50,004 | 142,451 | 2,999 |
| 2021 | 134,011 | 16,859 | 137,557 | -1,483 |
| 2020 | 128,089 | 16,573 | 134,899 | -1,483 |
| 2019 | 135,810 | 16,134 | 134,460 | -3,019 |
| 2018 | 140,348 | 15,615 | 131,584 | -2,987 |
| 2017 | 138,541 | 14,518 | 128,562 | -3,001 |
| 2016 | 136,736 | 24,308 | 125,342 | -3,008 |
| 2015 | 134,082 | 29,735 | 122,092 | -3,019 |
| 2014 | 133,916 | 25,303 | 118,792 | -2,980 |
| 2013 | 129,758 | 17,075 | 115,558 | -2,987 |
| 2012 | 128,941 | 16,549 | 113,489 | 4,515 |
| 2011 | 125,030 | 10,470 | 111,165 | 3,272 |
| 2010 | 126,552 | 12,906 | 108,121 | 1,128 |
| 2009 | 122,015 | 7,269 | 105,273 | -1,481 |
| 2008 | 117,672 | 7,974 | 102,432 | -3,860 |
| 2007 | 111,292 | 9,654 | 98,895 | -17,048 |
| 2006 | 109,332 | 11,446 | 94,991 | -18,033 |
| 2005 | 105,338 | 10,975 | 90,940 | -18,693 |
| 2004 | 106,901 | 8,494 | 87,578 | -19,042 |
| 2003 | 106,366 | 6,684 | 83,804 | -19,104 |
| 2002 | 101,178 | 17,420 | 80,993 | -18,903 |
| 2001 | 99,160 | 38,643 | 78,769 | -21,067 |
| 2000 | 98,737 | 63,409 | 75,929 | -2,997 |
| 1999 | 94,325 | 78,422 | 73,554 | -2,999 |
| 1998 | 93,744 | 52,713 | 72,045 | -8,504 |
| 1997 | 88,707 | 60,297 | 71,327 | -8,187 |
| 1996 | 86,518 | 66,811 | 71,939 | -28,840 |
| 1995 | 82,066 | 61,800 | 72,244 | -22,997 |
| 1994 | 79,365 | 57,273 | 70,570 | 5,304 |
| 1993 | 77,337 | 49,345 | 68,167 | 6,217 |
| 1992 | 77,357 | 57,522 | 63,501 | 34,505 |
| 1991 | 73,740 | 153,141 | 61,782 | -2,997 |
| 1990 | 71,764 | 178,732 | 59,934 | -3,000 |
| 1989 | 68,674 | 14,192 | 58,666 | -17,941 |
| 1988 | 71,072 | 1,675 | 56,654 | -2,997 |
| 1987 | 69,904 | 7,511 | 55,037 | -2,998 |
| 1986 | 70,073 | -3,598 | 53,313 | -2,998 |
| 1985 | 71,538 | -3,686 | 52,125 | -2,998 |
| 1984 | 70,703 | 10,933 | 50,705 | -2,998 |
| 1983 | 70,196 | 689 | 49,187 | -2,998 |
| 1982 | 68,931 | 16,563 | 47,947 | -2,998 |
| 1981 | 67,647 | 16,021 | 46,641 | -2,998 |
| 1980 | 68,253 | 16,284 | 45,026 | -2,997 |
| 1979 | 68,148 | 15,591 | 43,537 | -2,997 |
| 1978 | 67,158 | 15,556 | 42,539 | -2,998 |
| 1977 | 70,092 | 12,747 | 41,352 | -2,999 |
| 1976 | 74,899 | 10,459 | 40,149 | -1,645 |
| 1975 | 70,828 | 11,726 | 38,975 | -1,472 |
| 1974 | 68,891 | 11,929 | 38,106 | -1,321 |
| 1973 | 65,560 | 14,310 | 37,122 | -1,201 |
| 1972 | 62,960 | 27,415 | 36,184 | -1,139 |
| 1971 | 64,449 | 52,632 | 35,279 | -1,014 |
| 1970 | 56,506 | 56,173 | 34,382 | -855 |
| 1969 | 53,800 | 59,928 | 33,252 | -688 |
| 1968 | 51,014 | 60,804 | 32,029 | -565 |
| 1967 | 47,488 | 59,483 | 30,853 | -514 |
| 1966 | 50,477 | 57,347 | 29,502 | -466 |
| 1965 | 49,979 | 54,694 | 28,028 | -434 |
| 1964 | 48,015 | 54,050 | 26,565 | -390 |
| 1963 | 44,964 | 53,877 | 25,250 | -362 |
| 1962 | 43,337 | 52,313 | 23,927 | -342 |
| 1961 | 42,170 | 34,482 | 22,781 | -332 |
| 1960 | 44,818 | 10,990 | 21,604 | -318 |
Data sources: World Bank | Health (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-04-06).
GeoRank.org/population/israel/mauritania | CC BY
Over the last 10 years, 86% of the population change in Israel is from natural causes (a gain of 1,343,492 people) and 14% is from migration (a gain of 219,048 people). In Mauritania 98.9% is from natural causes (a gain of 1,320,903 people) and 1.12% is from migration (a loss of 14,982 people).
As of 2024, 2,091,569 residents or 22.3% of the population were not native-born in Israel, compared to 195,937 people or 3.8% in Mauritania.
Biggest cities by population
|
Israel
|
|
|---|---|
| City | Population |
| Jerusalem | 936K |
| Tel Aviv | 468K |
| Haifa | 283K |
| Rishon LeZion | 250K |
| Petah Tikva | 236K |
| Netanya | 217K |
| Beersheba | 209K |
| Holon | 194K |
| Bnei Brak | 194K |
| Ramat Gan | 159K |
|
Mauritania
|
|
|---|---|
| City | Population |
| Nouakchott | 1.45M |
| Rosso | 61.2K |
Compare countries by 7 more topics
Population differences between Israel and Mauritania
|
Israel
|
Mauritania
|
|
|---|---|---|
| Life expectancy | 82.9 years | 69.2 years |
| Average age | 33.6 years | 23 years |
| Median age | 30.2 years | 18.4 years |
| Male:Female ratio | 49.8:50.2 | 49.1:50.9 |
| Fertility rate | 2.85 births per woman | 4.7 births per woman |
| Population density | 1,227 ppl/mi² | 13.7 ppl/mi² |
Population map with other countries
Data sources: World Bank | Health (1960–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06); United Nations | World Population Prospects (1960–2026, retrieved 2026-03-10); U.S. Census Bureau (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-02-08); Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) (2000–2019, retrieved 2026-02-20).
GeoRank.org/population/israel/mauritania | CC BY
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Data sources:
- World Bank | Health (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-04-06)
- United Nations | World Population Prospects (1960–2100, retrieved 2026-03-10)
- U.S. Census Bureau (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-02-08)
- Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) (2000–2019, retrieved 2026-02-20)
- Wikidata (2026, retrieved 2026-02-08)
Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) — you’re free to copy, share, remix, adapt, and use even commercially as long as you give appropriate credit and clearly indicate if you made changes. Other sources may be subject to different license terms.