The latest officially reported population of Albania was 2,377,128 in 2024 vs 5,169,395 people in Mauritania in 2024. In 2026, based on the adjusted UN estimation, the current Albania's population is 2,342,753 people compared to 5,505,206 in Mauritania.
Population statistics:
- Mauritania's population is 2.35 times bigger than Albania's.
- Albania is ranked the 144th most populous country in the world, while Mauritania is the 122nd.
- The countries together account for 0.09% of the world: 0.03% for Albania vs 0.07% for Mauritania.
- For the last 10 years, Albania has had an average growth rate of -1.53% per year vs +3% in Mauritania.
- Since 2006, the population of Albania has decreased from 2.99M people to 2.34M (21.7% decline), while Mauritania has grown from 3.01M to 5.51M (82.7% growth).
Albania vs Mauritania: population by year and forecast
| Year | Population | |
|---|---|---|
Albania
|
Mauritania
|
|
| 2100 | 1,012,012 | 17,309,980 |
| 2099 | 1,025,473 | 17,202,690 |
| 2098 | 1,039,339 | 17,090,030 |
| 2097 | 1,053,604 | 16,975,270 |
| 2096 | 1,068,302 | 16,857,252 |
| 2095 | 1,083,434 | 16,739,240 |
| 2094 | 1,099,077 | 16,617,272 |
| 2093 | 1,115,220 | 16,492,589 |
| 2092 | 1,131,856 | 16,366,098 |
| 2091 | 1,148,926 | 16,235,771 |
| 2090 | 1,166,413 | 16,103,700 |
| 2089 | 1,184,321 | 15,969,059 |
| 2088 | 1,202,564 | 15,831,339 |
| 2087 | 1,220,857 | 15,690,143 |
| 2086 | 1,239,498 | 15,547,605 |
| 2085 | 1,258,345 | 15,403,967 |
| 2084 | 1,277,370 | 15,257,740 |
| 2083 | 1,296,519 | 15,108,271 |
| 2082 | 1,315,707 | 14,958,279 |
| 2081 | 1,334,733 | 14,805,332 |
| 2080 | 1,353,737 | 14,651,508 |
| 2079 | 1,372,377 | 14,496,397 |
| 2078 | 1,391,035 | 14,337,117 |
| 2077 | 1,409,844 | 14,175,812 |
| 2076 | 1,428,308 | 14,013,255 |
| 2075 | 1,446,956 | 13,849,027 |
| 2074 | 1,465,797 | 13,684,146 |
| 2073 | 1,484,047 | 13,517,681 |
| 2072 | 1,502,354 | 13,349,376 |
| 2071 | 1,520,594 | 13,178,237 |
| 2070 | 1,538,681 | 13,007,812 |
| 2069 | 1,556,707 | 12,835,311 |
| 2068 | 1,574,841 | 12,662,862 |
| 2067 | 1,593,106 | 12,487,379 |
| 2066 | 1,610,982 | 12,311,503 |
| 2065 | 1,629,308 | 12,136,616 |
| 2064 | 1,647,661 | 11,958,955 |
| 2063 | 1,666,152 | 11,783,144 |
| 2062 | 1,684,532 | 11,606,044 |
| 2061 | 1,702,912 | 11,428,738 |
| 2060 | 1,721,513 | 11,251,427 |
| 2059 | 1,740,217 | 11,072,236 |
| 2058 | 1,758,780 | 10,892,076 |
| 2057 | 1,777,592 | 10,713,858 |
| 2056 | 1,796,291 | 10,536,935 |
| 2055 | 1,815,311 | 10,358,532 |
| 2054 | 1,834,428 | 10,179,658 |
| 2053 | 1,853,584 | 9,999,712 |
| 2052 | 1,872,627 | 9,819,098 |
| 2051 | 1,891,209 | 9,639,209 |
| 2050 | 1,910,221 | 9,461,249 |
| 2049 | 1,929,192 | 9,283,353 |
| 2048 | 1,948,051 | 9,104,299 |
| 2047 | 1,966,563 | 8,926,851 |
| 2046 | 1,985,533 | 8,748,845 |
| 2045 | 2,004,453 | 8,572,397 |
| 2044 | 2,022,832 | 8,397,189 |
| 2043 | 2,041,623 | 8,222,194 |
| 2042 | 2,060,331 | 8,048,139 |
| 2041 | 2,079,391 | 7,876,803 |
| 2040 | 2,098,252 | 7,706,696 |
| 2039 | 2,117,584 | 7,537,689 |
| 2038 | 2,135,961 | 7,369,184 |
| 2037 | 2,154,309 | 7,202,472 |
| 2036 | 2,172,363 | 7,036,729 |
| 2035 | 2,189,761 | 6,871,981 |
| 2034 | 2,207,553 | 6,708,364 |
| 2033 | 2,224,941 | 6,546,168 |
| 2032 | 2,241,680 | 6,385,827 |
| 2031 | 2,258,394 | 6,227,564 |
| 2030 | 2,275,638 | 6,070,865 |
| 2029 | 2,292,376 | 5,916,516 |
| 2028 | 2,309,153 | 5,764,060 |
| 2027 | 2,325,576 | 5,613,919 |
| 2026 | 2,342,753 | 5,464,898 |
| 2025 | 2,360,334 | 5,317,228 |
| 2024 | 2,377,128 | 5,169,395 |
| 2023 | 2,414,095 | 5,022,441 |
| 2022 | 2,451,636 | 4,875,637 |
| 2021 | 2,489,762 | 4,734,874 |
| 2020 | 2,528,480 | 4,600,131 |
| 2019 | 2,567,801 | 4,467,708 |
| 2018 | 2,607,733 | 4,337,685 |
| 2017 | 2,648,285 | 4,210,600 |
| 2016 | 2,689,469 | 4,086,657 |
| 2015 | 2,731,293 | 3,965,959 |
| 2014 | 2,773,767 | 3,848,514 |
| 2013 | 2,816,902 | 3,734,318 |
| 2012 | 2,860,708 | 3,619,034 |
| 2011 | 2,905,195 | 3,502,811 |
| 2010 | 2,913,021 | 3,390,965 |
| 2009 | 2,927,519 | 3,284,448 |
| 2008 | 2,947,314 | 3,183,269 |
| 2007 | 2,970,017 | 3,093,059 |
| 2006 | 2,992,547 | 3,013,660 |
| 2005 | 3,011,487 | 2,939,059 |
| 2004 | 3,026,939 | 2,868,664 |
| 2003 | 3,039,616 | 2,802,046 |
| 2002 | 3,051,010 | 2,738,655 |
| 2001 | 3,060,173 | 2,678,760 |
| 2000 | 3,089,027 | 2,613,441 |
| 1999 | 3,108,778 | 2,541,698 |
| 1998 | 3,128,530 | 2,474,651 |
| 1997 | 3,148,281 | 2,411,306 |
| 1996 | 3,168,033 | 2,358,188 |
| 1995 | 3,187,784 | 2,312,017 |
| 1994 | 3,207,536 | 2,249,454 |
| 1993 | 3,227,287 | 2,174,328 |
| 1992 | 3,247,039 | 2,088,135 |
| 1991 | 3,266,790 | 2,009,738 |
| 1990 | 3,286,542 | 1,951,878 |
| 1989 | 3,227,943 | 1,903,048 |
| 1988 | 3,142,336 | 1,855,859 |
| 1987 | 3,083,605 | 1,803,014 |
| 1986 | 3,022,635 | 1,751,835 |
| 1985 | 2,964,762 | 1,702,107 |
| 1984 | 2,904,429 | 1,653,693 |
| 1983 | 2,843,960 | 1,606,746 |
| 1982 | 2,784,278 | 1,561,176 |
| 1981 | 2,726,056 | 1,516,877 |
| 1980 | 2,671,997 | 1,474,043 |
| 1979 | 2,617,832 | 1,432,758 |
| 1978 | 2,566,266 | 1,392,713 |
| 1977 | 2,513,546 | 1,353,768 |
| 1976 | 2,458,526 | 1,315,336 |
| 1975 | 2,404,831 | 1,277,330 |
| 1974 | 2,350,124 | 1,240,188 |
| 1973 | 2,296,752 | 1,203,838 |
| 1972 | 2,243,126 | 1,168,355 |
| 1971 | 2,187,853 | 1,133,702 |
| 1970 | 2,135,479 | 1,099,806 |
| 1969 | 2,081,695 | 1,066,754 |
| 1968 | 2,022,272 | 1,034,739 |
| 1967 | 1,965,598 | 1,003,843 |
| 1966 | 1,914,573 | 974,157 |
| 1965 | 1,864,791 | 945,838 |
| 1964 | 1,814,135 | 918,955 |
| 1963 | 1,762,621 | 893,423 |
| 1962 | 1,711,319 | 869,184 |
| 1961 | 1,659,800 | 846,167 |
| 1960 | 1,608,800 | 824,298 |
Data sources: United Nations | World Population Prospects (2025–2100, retrieved 2026-03-10); World Bank | Health (1960–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06).
GeoRank.org/population/albania/mauritania | CC BY 
From 2006 to 2016, the population of Albania decreased by 303,078 people (a 10.1% decline), while Mauritania gained 1,072,997 people (a 35.6% growth).
For the next 10 years, from 2016 to 2026, Albania lost 346,716 people (a 12.9% decline), while Mauritania's population increased by 1,418,549 people (a 34.7% growth).
Albania was ranked 133rd most populous country in 2006 and is 144th in 2026. Mauritania was ranked 132nd in 2006 and ranked 122nd now.
The UN's World Population Prospects forecasts that in 24 years (in 2050) Albania's population will shrink by 18.5% to 1,910,221 people with a rank change from 144th to 148th. The population of Mauritania will increase by 71.9% to 9,461,249 people and rank change from 122nd to 102nd.
Mauritania is projected to reach its peak in 2100 at 17.3M people, while Albania's population already peaked in 1990 at 3.29M people and is projected to decrease to 1.01M people by 2100.
Population growth rate by year
| Year | Growth rate | |
|---|---|---|
|
Albania
|
Mauritania
|
|
| 2100 | -1.31% | 0.62% |
| 2099 | -1.33% | 0.66% |
| 2098 | -1.35% | 0.68% |
| 2097 | -1.38% | 0.7% |
| 2096 | -1.4% | 0.7% |
| 2095 | -1.42% | 0.73% |
| 2094 | -1.45% | 0.76% |
| 2093 | -1.47% | 0.77% |
| 2092 | -1.49% | 0.8% |
| 2091 | -1.5% | 0.82% |
| 2090 | -1.51% | 0.84% |
| 2089 | -1.52% | 0.87% |
| 2088 | -1.5% | 0.9% |
| 2087 | -1.5% | 0.92% |
| 2086 | -1.5% | 0.93% |
| 2085 | -1.49% | 0.96% |
| 2084 | -1.48% | 0.99% |
| 2083 | -1.46% | 1% |
| 2082 | -1.43% | 1.03% |
| 2081 | -1.4% | 1.05% |
| 2080 | -1.36% | 1.07% |
| 2079 | -1.34% | 1.11% |
| 2078 | -1.33% | 1.14% |
| 2077 | -1.29% | 1.16% |
| 2076 | -1.29% | 1.19% |
| 2075 | -1.29% | 1.2% |
| 2074 | -1.23% | 1.23% |
| 2073 | -1.22% | 1.26% |
| 2072 | -1.2% | 1.3% |
| 2071 | -1.18% | 1.31% |
| 2070 | -1.16% | 1.34% |
| 2069 | -1.15% | 1.36% |
| 2068 | -1.15% | 1.41% |
| 2067 | -1.11% | 1.43% |
| 2066 | -1.12% | 1.44% |
| 2065 | -1.11% | 1.49% |
| 2064 | -1.11% | 1.49% |
| 2063 | -1.09% | 1.53% |
| 2062 | -1.08% | 1.55% |
| 2061 | -1.08% | 1.58% |
| 2060 | -1.07% | 1.62% |
| 2059 | -1.06% | 1.65% |
| 2058 | -1.06% | 1.66% |
| 2057 | -1.04% | 1.68% |
| 2056 | -1.05% | 1.72% |
| 2055 | -1.04% | 1.76% |
| 2054 | -1.03% | 1.8% |
| 2053 | -1.02% | 1.84% |
| 2052 | -0.98% | 1.87% |
| 2051 | -1% | 1.88% |
| 2050 | -0.98% | 1.92% |
| 2049 | -0.97% | 1.97% |
| 2048 | -0.94% | 1.99% |
| 2047 | -0.96% | 2.03% |
| 2046 | -0.94% | 2.06% |
| 2045 | -0.91% | 2.09% |
| 2044 | -0.92% | 2.13% |
| 2043 | -0.91% | 2.16% |
| 2042 | -0.92% | 2.18% |
| 2041 | -0.9% | 2.21% |
| 2040 | -0.91% | 2.24% |
| 2039 | -0.86% | 2.29% |
| 2038 | -0.85% | 2.31% |
| 2037 | -0.83% | 2.36% |
| 2036 | -0.79% | 2.4% |
| 2035 | -0.81% | 2.44% |
| 2034 | -0.78% | 2.48% |
| 2033 | -0.75% | 2.51% |
| 2032 | -0.74% | 2.54% |
| 2031 | -0.76% | 2.58% |
| 2030 | -0.73% | 2.61% |
| 2029 | -0.73% | 2.64% |
| 2028 | -0.71% | 2.67% |
| 2027 | -0.73% | 2.73% |
| 2026 | -0.74% | 2.78% |
| 2025 | -0.71% | 2.86% |
| 2024 | -1.53% | 2.93% |
| 2023 | -1.53% | 3.01% |
| 2022 | -1.53% | 2.97% |
| 2021 | -1.53% | 2.93% |
| 2020 | -1.53% | 2.96% |
| 2019 | -1.53% | 3% |
| 2018 | -1.53% | 3.02% |
| 2017 | -1.53% | 3.03% |
| 2016 | -1.53% | 3.04% |
| 2015 | -1.53% | 3.05% |
| 2014 | -1.53% | 3.06% |
| 2013 | -1.53% | 3.19% |
| 2012 | -1.53% | 3.32% |
| 2011 | -0.27% | 3.3% |
| 2010 | -0.5% | 3.24% |
| 2009 | -0.67% | 3.18% |
| 2008 | -0.76% | 2.92% |
| 2007 | -0.75% | 2.63% |
| 2006 | -0.63% | 2.54% |
| 2005 | -0.51% | 2.45% |
| 2004 | -0.42% | 2.38% |
| 2003 | -0.37% | 2.31% |
| 2002 | -0.3% | 2.24% |
| 2001 | -0.93% | 2.5% |
| 2000 | -0.64% | 2.82% |
| 1999 | -0.63% | 2.71% |
| 1998 | -0.63% | 2.63% |
| 1997 | -0.62% | 2.25% |
| 1996 | -0.62% | 2% |
| 1995 | -0.62% | 2.78% |
| 1994 | -0.61% | 3.46% |
| 1993 | -0.61% | 4.13% |
| 1992 | -0.6% | 3.9% |
| 1991 | -0.6% | 2.96% |
| 1990 | 1.82% | 2.57% |
| 1989 | 2.72% | 2.54% |
| 1988 | 1.9% | 2.93% |
| 1987 | 2.02% | 2.92% |
| 1986 | 1.95% | 2.92% |
| 1985 | 2.08% | 2.93% |
| 1984 | 2.13% | 2.92% |
| 1983 | 2.14% | 2.92% |
| 1982 | 2.14% | 2.92% |
| 1981 | 2.02% | 2.91% |
| 1980 | 2.07% | 2.88% |
| 1979 | 2.01% | 2.88% |
| 1978 | 2.1% | 2.88% |
| 1977 | 2.24% | 2.92% |
| 1976 | 2.23% | 2.98% |
| 1975 | 2.33% | 2.99% |
| 1974 | 2.32% | 3.02% |
| 1973 | 2.39% | 3.04% |
| 1972 | 2.53% | 3.06% |
| 1971 | 2.45% | 3.08% |
| 1970 | 2.58% | 3.1% |
| 1969 | 2.94% | 3.09% |
| 1968 | 2.88% | 3.08% |
| 1967 | 2.67% | 3.05% |
| 1966 | 2.67% | 2.99% |
| 1965 | 2.79% | 2.93% |
| 1964 | 2.92% | 2.86% |
| 1963 | 3% | 2.79% |
| 1962 | 3.1% | 2.72% |
| 1961 | 3.17% | 2.65% |
Data sources: United Nations | World Population Prospects (2025–2100, retrieved 2026-03-10); World Bank | Health (1961–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06).
GeoRank.org/population/albania/mauritania | CC BY
In 2024, the population of Albania declined by 1.53%, while Mauritania's population grew by 2.93%.
Live population counters
|
Albania
|
Mauritania
|
|
|---|---|---|
| Current population |
2342753
|
5505206
|
| Population rank | 144/197 | 122/197 |
| Percent of world population | 0.03% | 0.07% |
| One net population change |
14.2 minutes
|
3.58 minutes
|
| One birth every |
21.3 minutes
|
3.04 minutes
|
| One death every |
26.1 minutes
|
19 minutes
|
| Daily growth/decline | -101 | +403 |
| Annual growth/decline | -36,967 | +146,954 |
| Annual growth/decline rate | -1.53% | +2.93% |
| Population growth rate rank | 194/197 | 17/197 |
| One migration net change every |
21.8 minutes
|
1.74 hours
|
| Annual migration change | -24,230 | -5,044 |
| Net migration rank | 156/196 | 115/196 |
| Foreign-born residents | 46,377 | 195,937 |
| Foreign-born residents rank | 153/195 | 113/195 |
| Foreign-born share of population | 1.7% | 3.8% |
| Foreign-born share rank | 138/195 | 107/195 |
Natural population change vs migration
| Year | Population change | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Albania
|
Mauritania
|
|||
| Natural | Migration | Natural | Migration | |
| 2025 | - | -24,230 | - | -5,044 |
| 2024 | - | -24,472 | - | -2,185 |
| 2023 | 4,615 | -25,357 | 145,164 | 2,999 |
| 2022 | 3,913 | -16,426 | 142,451 | 2,999 |
| 2021 | 623 | -32,848 | 137,557 | -1,483 |
| 2020 | 3,682 | -16,680 | 134,899 | -1,483 |
| 2019 | 8,432 | -23,094 | 134,460 | -3,019 |
| 2018 | 9,187 | -15,032 | 131,584 | -2,987 |
| 2017 | 10,707 | -14,901 | 128,562 | -3,001 |
| 2016 | 12,332 | -9,347 | 125,342 | -3,008 |
| 2015 | 14,164 | -20,500 | 122,092 | -3,019 |
| 2014 | 16,185 | -21,706 | 118,792 | -2,980 |
| 2013 | 17,234 | -20,681 | 115,558 | -2,987 |
| 2012 | 17,565 | -19,845 | 113,489 | 4,515 |
| 2011 | 17,564 | -18,630 | 111,165 | 3,272 |
| 2010 | 18,404 | -51,907 | 108,121 | 1,128 |
| 2009 | 19,336 | -51,657 | 105,273 | -1,481 |
| 2008 | 19,526 | -50,619 | 102,432 | -3,860 |
| 2007 | 20,286 | -49,770 | 98,895 | -17,048 |
| 2006 | 21,732 | -48,882 | 94,991 | -18,033 |
| 2005 | 24,390 | -48,893 | 90,940 | -18,693 |
| 2004 | 26,989 | -48,654 | 87,578 | -19,042 |
| 2003 | 29,907 | -48,517 | 83,804 | -19,104 |
| 2002 | 30,189 | -45,178 | 80,993 | -18,903 |
| 2001 | 33,573 | -48,070 | 78,769 | -21,067 |
| 2000 | 36,741 | -60,531 | 75,929 | -2,997 |
| 1999 | 40,047 | -63,093 | 73,554 | -2,999 |
| 1998 | 43,884 | -66,087 | 72,045 | -8,504 |
| 1997 | 46,979 | -66,188 | 71,327 | -8,187 |
| 1996 | 52,745 | -68,076 | 71,939 | -28,840 |
| 1995 | 56,784 | -69,785 | 72,244 | -22,997 |
| 1994 | 59,086 | -70,165 | 70,570 | 5,304 |
| 1993 | 60,602 | -68,445 | 68,167 | 6,217 |
| 1992 | 63,376 | -66,538 | 63,501 | 34,505 |
| 1991 | 65,639 | -63,689 | 61,782 | -2,997 |
| 1990 | 67,355 | -60,173 | 59,934 | -3,000 |
| 1989 | 66,351 | -38,835 | 58,666 | -17,941 |
| 1988 | 64,616 | 658 | 56,654 | -2,997 |
| 1987 | 63,334 | -3,250 | 55,037 | -2,998 |
| 1986 | 61,925 | -2,309 | 53,313 | -2,998 |
| 1985 | 60,798 | -183 | 52,125 | -2,998 |
| 1984 | 59,396 | 64 | 50,705 | -2,998 |
| 1983 | 57,647 | 66 | 49,187 | -2,998 |
| 1982 | 56,443 | -225 | 47,947 | -2,998 |
| 1981 | 54,595 | -374 | 46,641 | -2,998 |
| 1980 | 53,803 | -601 | 45,026 | -2,997 |
| 1979 | 54,139 | -1,871 | 43,537 | -2,997 |
| 1978 | 55,463 | 3,230 | 42,539 | -2,998 |
| 1977 | 56,319 | -1,417 | 41,352 | -2,999 |
| 1976 | 56,428 | -1,684 | 40,149 | -1,645 |
| 1975 | 56,920 | -2,610 | 38,975 | -1,472 |
| 1974 | 56,133 | -1,880 | 38,106 | -1,321 |
| 1973 | 55,439 | -1,419 | 37,122 | -1,201 |
| 1972 | 54,966 | -1,588 | 36,184 | -1,139 |
| 1971 | 53,797 | -911 | 35,279 | -1,014 |
| 1970 | 52,293 | 92 | 34,382 | -855 |
| 1969 | 51,407 | 2,665 | 33,252 | -688 |
| 1968 | 49,258 | 10,490 | 32,029 | -565 |
| 1967 | 46,494 | 12,252 | 30,853 | -514 |
| 1966 | 44,507 | 11,858 | 29,502 | -466 |
| 1965 | 43,953 | 9,617 | 28,028 | -434 |
| 1964 | 44,205 | 6,604 | 26,565 | -390 |
| 1963 | 44,040 | 4,091 | 25,250 | -362 |
| 1962 | 43,124 | 2,325 | 23,927 | -342 |
| 1961 | 41,802 | 829 | 22,781 | -332 |
| 1960 | 40,436 | 13,734 | 21,604 | -318 |
Data sources: World Bank | Health (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-04-06).
GeoRank.org/population/albania/mauritania | CC BY
Over the last 10 years, 30% of the population change in Albania is from natural causes (a gain of 83,840 people) and 70% is from migration (a loss of 195,891 people). In Mauritania 98.9% is from natural causes (a gain of 1,320,903 people) and 1.12% is from migration (a loss of 14,982 people).
As of 2024, 46,377 residents or 1.7% of the population were not native-born in Albania, compared to 195,937 people or 3.8% in Mauritania.
Biggest cities by population
|
Albania
|
|
|---|---|
| City | Population |
| Tirana | 389K |
| Durres | 102K |
| Elbasan | 66.8K |
| Vlore | 66.3K |
| Kamez | 61.7K |
| Shkoder | 61.6K |
| Fier | 52.9K |
| Korce | 43.3K |
| Berat | 40.7K |
| Sarande | 22.6K |
|
Mauritania
|
|
|---|---|
| City | Population |
| Nouakchott | 1.45M |
| Rosso | 61.2K |
Compare countries by 7 more topics
Population differences between Albania and Mauritania
|
Albania
|
Mauritania
|
|
|---|---|---|
| Life expectancy | 80.1 years | 69.2 years |
| Average age | 39.9 years | 23 years |
| Median age | 37.8 years | 18.4 years |
| Male:Female ratio | 49.4:50.6 | 49.1:50.9 |
| Fertility rate | 1.35 births per woman | 4.7 births per woman |
| Population density | 221.4 ppl/mi² | 13.7 ppl/mi² |
Population map with other countries
Data sources: World Bank | Health (1960–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06); United Nations | World Population Prospects (1960–2026, retrieved 2026-03-10); U.S. Census Bureau (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-02-08); Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) (2000–2019, retrieved 2026-02-20).
GeoRank.org/population/albania/mauritania | CC BY
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Data sources:
- World Bank | Health (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-04-06)
- United Nations | World Population Prospects (1960–2100, retrieved 2026-03-10)
- U.S. Census Bureau (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-02-08)
- Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) (2000–2019, retrieved 2026-02-20)
- Wikidata (2026, retrieved 2026-02-08)
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