The latest officially reported population of Saudi Arabia was 36,973,555 in 2025 vs 23,331,886 people in Taiwan in 2025. In 2026, based on the adjusted UN estimation, the current Saudi Arabia's population is 37,955,120 people compared to 23,229,461 in Taiwan.
Population statistics:
- Saudi Arabia's population is 1.63 times bigger than Taiwan's.
- Saudi Arabia is ranked the 43rd most populous country in the world, while Taiwan is the 60th.
- The countries together account for 0.74% of the world: 0.46% for Saudi Arabia vs 0.28% for Taiwan.
- For the last 10 years, Saudi Arabia has had an average growth rate of +2.5% per year vs -0.03% in Taiwan.
- Since 2006, the population of Saudi Arabia has increased from 21.5M people to 38M (76.9% growth), while Taiwan has grown from 22.8M to 23.2M (1.78% growth).
Saudi Arabia vs Taiwan: population by year and forecast
| Year | Population | |
|---|---|---|
Saudi Arabia
|
Taiwan
|
|
| 2100 | 76,380,382 | 10,150,338 |
| 2099 | 75,896,692 | 10,273,881 |
| 2098 | 75,410,485 | 10,399,680 |
| 2097 | 74,922,342 | 10,527,804 |
| 2096 | 74,431,436 | 10,657,536 |
| 2095 | 73,939,761 | 10,789,978 |
| 2094 | 73,447,628 | 10,925,075 |
| 2093 | 72,954,272 | 11,062,491 |
| 2092 | 72,460,372 | 11,202,670 |
| 2091 | 71,966,760 | 11,346,131 |
| 2090 | 71,474,363 | 11,494,369 |
| 2089 | 70,984,330 | 11,644,743 |
| 2088 | 70,494,851 | 11,799,177 |
| 2087 | 70,006,368 | 11,956,109 |
| 2086 | 69,519,641 | 12,116,149 |
| 2085 | 69,035,093 | 12,281,248 |
| 2084 | 68,551,533 | 12,451,872 |
| 2083 | 68,068,933 | 12,625,681 |
| 2082 | 67,587,034 | 12,803,442 |
| 2081 | 67,105,252 | 12,986,931 |
| 2080 | 66,624,751 | 13,174,137 |
| 2079 | 66,144,495 | 13,366,920 |
| 2078 | 65,664,508 | 13,564,788 |
| 2077 | 65,183,768 | 13,765,770 |
| 2076 | 64,701,603 | 13,969,802 |
| 2075 | 64,217,651 | 14,178,904 |
| 2074 | 63,731,809 | 14,391,331 |
| 2073 | 63,243,084 | 14,606,033 |
| 2072 | 62,750,764 | 14,824,987 |
| 2071 | 62,255,408 | 15,045,310 |
| 2070 | 61,756,796 | 15,266,143 |
| 2069 | 61,253,878 | 15,488,280 |
| 2068 | 60,746,216 | 15,714,125 |
| 2067 | 60,235,232 | 15,940,945 |
| 2066 | 59,720,954 | 16,167,553 |
| 2065 | 59,203,814 | 16,396,032 |
| 2064 | 58,684,254 | 16,625,600 |
| 2063 | 58,161,702 | 16,854,355 |
| 2062 | 57,637,152 | 17,084,600 |
| 2061 | 57,109,207 | 17,314,450 |
| 2060 | 56,579,736 | 17,541,998 |
| 2059 | 56,047,666 | 17,767,014 |
| 2058 | 55,513,281 | 17,988,239 |
| 2057 | 54,978,393 | 18,208,151 |
| 2056 | 54,441,706 | 18,423,453 |
| 2055 | 53,904,081 | 18,639,554 |
| 2054 | 53,364,635 | 18,853,384 |
| 2053 | 52,823,422 | 19,063,428 |
| 2052 | 52,280,914 | 19,270,076 |
| 2051 | 51,737,228 | 19,474,323 |
| 2050 | 51,192,924 | 19,677,203 |
| 2049 | 50,647,663 | 19,878,438 |
| 2048 | 50,100,576 | 20,073,645 |
| 2047 | 49,552,613 | 20,267,326 |
| 2046 | 49,002,774 | 20,454,154 |
| 2045 | 48,451,215 | 20,640,565 |
| 2044 | 47,898,754 | 20,819,477 |
| 2043 | 47,346,122 | 20,995,111 |
| 2042 | 46,792,504 | 21,166,213 |
| 2041 | 46,237,820 | 21,331,710 |
| 2040 | 45,682,139 | 21,491,361 |
| 2039 | 45,126,407 | 21,645,911 |
| 2038 | 44,569,427 | 21,794,529 |
| 2037 | 44,012,415 | 21,939,617 |
| 2036 | 43,454,985 | 22,077,701 |
| 2035 | 42,897,909 | 22,211,115 |
| 2034 | 42,342,044 | 22,340,809 |
| 2033 | 41,787,423 | 22,463,465 |
| 2032 | 41,233,964 | 22,582,449 |
| 2031 | 40,680,599 | 22,698,460 |
| 2030 | 40,128,273 | 22,809,605 |
| 2029 | 39,530,306 | 22,916,803 |
| 2028 | 38,906,191 | 23,022,058 |
| 2027 | 38,267,271 | 23,127,410 |
| 2026 | 37,625,434 | 23,229,461 |
| 2025 | 36,973,555 | 23,331,886 |
| 2024 | 35,300,280 | 23,410,331 |
| 2023 | 33,702,731 | 23,342,541 |
| 2022 | 32,175,224 | 23,319,977 |
| 2021 | 30,784,383 | 23,468,275 |
| 2020 | 31,552,510 | 23,582,179 |
| 2019 | 30,063,799 | 23,596,027 |
| 2018 | 30,196,281 | 23,580,080 |
| 2017 | 30,977,355 | 23,555,522 |
| 2016 | 30,954,198 | 23,515,945 |
| 2015 | 29,816,382 | 23,462,914 |
| 2014 | 28,309,273 | 23,403,635 |
| 2013 | 27,624,004 | 23,344,670 |
| 2012 | 26,168,861 | 23,270,367 |
| 2011 | 25,091,867 | 23,193,518 |
| 2010 | 23,978,487 | 23,140,948 |
| 2009 | 24,217,654 | 23,078,402 |
| 2008 | 23,287,877 | 22,997,696 |
| 2007 | 22,368,313 | 22,917,444 |
| 2006 | 21,459,144 | 22,823,455 |
| 2005 | 20,559,890 | 22,729,753 |
| 2004 | 19,669,480 | 22,646,836 |
| 2003 | 18,786,767 | 22,562,663 |
| 2002 | 17,910,910 | 22,463,172 |
| 2001 | 17,041,397 | 22,341,120 |
| 2000 | 16,177,722 | 22,184,530 |
| 1999 | 15,472,075 | 22,010,489 |
| 1998 | 14,922,185 | 21,835,703 |
| 1997 | 14,374,943 | 21,634,124 |
| 1996 | 13,831,009 | 21,441,432 |
| 1995 | 13,289,245 | 21,267,653 |
| 1994 | 12,750,040 | 21,086,645 |
| 1993 | 12,215,862 | 20,899,019 |
| 1992 | 11,686,676 | 20,704,227 |
| 1991 | 11,160,744 | 20,503,568 |
| 1990 | 10,640,691 | 20,278,946 |
| 1989 | 10,128,394 | 20,055,492 |
| 1988 | 9,629,165 | 19,839,704 |
| 1987 | 9,130,194 | 19,617,046 |
| 1986 | 8,628,639 | 19,411,454 |
| 1985 | 8,151,779 | 19,191,510 |
| 1984 | 7,697,307 | 18,929,866 |
| 1983 | 7,252,941 | 18,653,146 |
| 1982 | 6,824,486 | 18,354,855 |
| 1981 | 6,420,551 | 18,029,982 |
| 1980 | 6,047,997 | 17,704,538 |
| 1979 | 5,703,698 | 17,372,779 |
| 1978 | 5,381,902 | 17,042,272 |
| 1977 | 5,083,048 | 16,730,895 |
| 1976 | 4,807,933 | 16,401,413 |
| 1975 | 4,556,287 | 16,075,128 |
| 1974 | 4,323,632 | 15,784,817 |
| 1973 | 4,106,344 | 15,505,121 |
| 1972 | 3,905,722 | 15,220,495 |
| 1971 | 3,724,031 | 14,913,564 |
| 1970 | 3,562,470 | 14,582,944 |
| 1969 | 3,417,114 | 14,068,984 |
| 1968 | 3,282,711 | 13,548,537 |
| 1967 | 3,157,242 | 13,210,344 |
| 1966 | 3,039,887 | 12,874,153 |
| 1965 | 2,928,771 | 12,511,863 |
| 1964 | 2,821,968 | 12,137,143 |
| 1963 | 2,719,341 | 11,762,101 |
| 1962 | 2,620,910 | 11,392,513 |
| 1961 | 2,526,347 | 11,030,385 |
| 1960 | 2,435,403 | 10,667,705 |
Data sources: United Nations | World Population Prospects (2026–2100, retrieved 2026-07-08); National Statistics, Taiwan (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08); World Bank | Health (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08).
GeoRank.org/population/saudi-arabia/taiwan | CC BY 
From 2006 to 2016, the population of Saudi Arabia increased by 9,495,054 people (a 44.2% growth), while Taiwan gained 692,490 people (a 3.03% growth).
For the next 10 years, from 2016 to 2026, Saudi Arabia gained 7,000,922 people (a 22.6% growth), while Taiwan's population decreased by 286,484 people (a 1.22% decline).
Saudi Arabia was ranked 50th most populous country in 2006 and is 43rd in 2026. Taiwan was ranked 49th in 2006 and ranked 60th now.
The UN's World Population Prospects forecasts that in 24 years (in 2050) Saudi Arabia's population will grow by 34.9% to 51,192,924 people with a rank change from 43rd to 42nd. The population of Taiwan will decrease by 15.3% to 19,677,203 people and rank change from 60th to 76th.
Saudi Arabia is projected to reach its peak in 2100 at 76.4M people, while Taiwan's population already peaked in 2019 at 23.6M people and is projected to decrease to 10.2M people by 2100.
Population growth rate by year
| Year | Growth rate | |
|---|---|---|
|
Saudi Arabia
|
Taiwan
|
|
| 2100 | 0.64% | -1.2% |
| 2099 | 0.64% | -1.21% |
| 2098 | 0.65% | -1.22% |
| 2097 | 0.66% | -1.22% |
| 2096 | 0.66% | -1.23% |
| 2095 | 0.67% | -1.24% |
| 2094 | 0.68% | -1.24% |
| 2093 | 0.68% | -1.25% |
| 2092 | 0.69% | -1.26% |
| 2091 | 0.69% | -1.29% |
| 2090 | 0.69% | -1.29% |
| 2089 | 0.69% | -1.31% |
| 2088 | 0.7% | -1.31% |
| 2087 | 0.7% | -1.32% |
| 2086 | 0.7% | -1.34% |
| 2085 | 0.71% | -1.37% |
| 2084 | 0.71% | -1.38% |
| 2083 | 0.71% | -1.39% |
| 2082 | 0.72% | -1.41% |
| 2081 | 0.72% | -1.42% |
| 2080 | 0.73% | -1.44% |
| 2079 | 0.73% | -1.46% |
| 2078 | 0.74% | -1.46% |
| 2077 | 0.75% | -1.46% |
| 2076 | 0.75% | -1.47% |
| 2075 | 0.76% | -1.48% |
| 2074 | 0.77% | -1.47% |
| 2073 | 0.78% | -1.48% |
| 2072 | 0.8% | -1.46% |
| 2071 | 0.81% | -1.45% |
| 2070 | 0.82% | -1.43% |
| 2069 | 0.84% | -1.44% |
| 2068 | 0.85% | -1.42% |
| 2067 | 0.86% | -1.4% |
| 2066 | 0.87% | -1.39% |
| 2065 | 0.89% | -1.38% |
| 2064 | 0.9% | -1.36% |
| 2063 | 0.91% | -1.35% |
| 2062 | 0.92% | -1.33% |
| 2061 | 0.94% | -1.3% |
| 2060 | 0.95% | -1.27% |
| 2059 | 0.96% | -1.23% |
| 2058 | 0.97% | -1.21% |
| 2057 | 0.99% | -1.17% |
| 2056 | 1% | -1.16% |
| 2055 | 1.01% | -1.13% |
| 2054 | 1.02% | -1.1% |
| 2053 | 1.04% | -1.07% |
| 2052 | 1.05% | -1.05% |
| 2051 | 1.06% | -1.03% |
| 2050 | 1.08% | -1.01% |
| 2049 | 1.09% | -0.97% |
| 2048 | 1.11% | -0.96% |
| 2047 | 1.12% | -0.91% |
| 2046 | 1.14% | -0.9% |
| 2045 | 1.15% | -0.86% |
| 2044 | 1.17% | -0.84% |
| 2043 | 1.18% | -0.81% |
| 2042 | 1.2% | -0.78% |
| 2041 | 1.22% | -0.74% |
| 2040 | 1.23% | -0.71% |
| 2039 | 1.25% | -0.68% |
| 2038 | 1.27% | -0.66% |
| 2037 | 1.28% | -0.63% |
| 2036 | 1.3% | -0.6% |
| 2035 | 1.31% | -0.58% |
| 2034 | 1.33% | -0.55% |
| 2033 | 1.34% | -0.53% |
| 2032 | 1.36% | -0.51% |
| 2031 | 1.38% | -0.49% |
| 2030 | 1.51% | -0.47% |
| 2029 | 1.6% | -0.46% |
| 2028 | 1.67% | -0.46% |
| 2027 | 1.71% | -0.44% |
| 2026 | 1.76% | -0.44% |
| 2025 | 4.74% | -0.34% |
| 2024 | 4.74% | 0.29% |
| 2023 | 4.75% | 0.1% |
| 2022 | 4.52% | -0.63% |
| 2021 | -2.43% | -0.48% |
| 2020 | 4.95% | -0.06% |
| 2019 | -0.44% | 0.07% |
| 2018 | -2.52% | 0.1% |
| 2017 | 0.07% | 0.17% |
| 2016 | 3.82% | 0.23% |
| 2015 | 5.32% | 0.25% |
| 2014 | 2.48% | 0.25% |
| 2013 | 5.56% | 0.32% |
| 2012 | 4.29% | 0.33% |
| 2011 | 4.64% | 0.23% |
| 2010 | -0.99% | 0.27% |
| 2009 | 3.99% | 0.35% |
| 2008 | 4.11% | 0.35% |
| 2007 | 4.24% | 0.41% |
| 2006 | 4.37% | 0.41% |
| 2005 | 4.53% | 0.37% |
| 2004 | 4.7% | 0.37% |
| 2003 | 4.89% | 0.44% |
| 2002 | 5.1% | 0.55% |
| 2001 | 5.34% | 0.71% |
| 2000 | 4.56% | 0.79% |
| 1999 | 3.69% | 0.8% |
| 1998 | 3.81% | 0.93% |
| 1997 | 3.93% | 0.9% |
| 1996 | 4.08% | 0.82% |
| 1995 | 4.23% | 0.86% |
| 1994 | 4.37% | 0.9% |
| 1993 | 4.53% | 0.94% |
| 1992 | 4.71% | 0.98% |
| 1991 | 4.89% | 1.11% |
| 1990 | 5.06% | 1.11% |
| 1989 | 5.18% | 1.09% |
| 1988 | 5.47% | 1.14% |
| 1987 | 5.81% | 1.06% |
| 1986 | 5.85% | 1.15% |
| 1985 | 5.9% | 1.38% |
| 1984 | 6.13% | 1.48% |
| 1983 | 6.28% | 1.63% |
| 1982 | 6.29% | 1.8% |
| 1981 | 6.16% | 1.84% |
| 1980 | 6.04% | 1.91% |
| 1979 | 5.98% | 1.94% |
| 1978 | 5.88% | 1.86% |
| 1977 | 5.72% | 2.01% |
| 1976 | 5.52% | 2.03% |
| 1975 | 5.38% | 1.84% |
| 1974 | 5.29% | 1.8% |
| 1973 | 5.14% | 1.87% |
| 1972 | 4.88% | 2.06% |
| 1971 | 4.54% | 2.27% |
| 1970 | 4.25% | 3.65% |
| 1969 | 4.09% | 3.84% |
| 1968 | 3.97% | 2.56% |
| 1967 | 3.86% | 2.61% |
| 1966 | 3.79% | 2.9% |
| 1965 | 3.78% | 3.09% |
| 1964 | 3.77% | 3.19% |
| 1963 | 3.76% | 3.24% |
| 1962 | 3.74% | 3.28% |
| 1961 | 3.73% | 3.4% |
| 1960 | - | 3.69% |
Data sources: United Nations | World Population Prospects (2026–2100, retrieved 2026-07-08); National Statistics, Taiwan (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08); World Bank | Health (1961–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08).
GeoRank.org/population/saudi-arabia/taiwan | CC BY
In 2025, the population of Saudi Arabia grew by 4.74%, while Taiwan's population declined by 0.34%.
Live population counters
|
Saudi Arabia
|
Taiwan
|
|
|---|---|---|
| Current population |
37955120
|
23229461
|
| Population rank | 43/197 | 60/197 |
| Percent of world population | 0.46% | 0.28% |
| One net population change |
18.9 seconds
|
6.72 minutes
|
| One birth every |
54.2 seconds
|
3.9 minutes
|
| One death every |
6.37 minutes
|
2.6 minutes
|
| Daily growth/decline | +4,584 | -215 |
| Annual growth/decline | +1,673,275 | -78,445 |
| Annual growth/decline rate | +4.74% | -0.34% |
| Population growth rate rank | 2/197 | 178/197 |
| One migration net change every |
4.4 minutes
|
11.2 minutes
|
| Annual migration change | +119,738 | +47,029 |
| Net migration rank | 13/196 | 23/196 |
| Foreign-born residents | 13,683,841 | n/a |
| Foreign-born residents rank | 3/195 | |
| Foreign-born share of population | 40.3% | n/a |
| Foreign-born share rank | 14/195 |
Natural population change vs migration
| Year | Population change | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Saudi Arabia
|
Taiwan
|
|||
| Natural | Migration | Natural | Migration | |
| 2025 | - | 119,738 | - | - |
| 2024 | 499,782 | 122,170 | -67,188 | 47,029 |
| 2023 | 474,366 | 325,691 | -69,794 | 225,599 |
| 2022 | 406,920 | 977,072 | -68,327 | -42,430 |
| 2021 | 409,032 | -106,287 | -30,039 | -156,010 |
| 2020 | 447,036 | -74,725 | -7,782 | -33,978 |
| 2019 | 474,407 | 191,582 | 1,416 | 12,718 |
| 2018 | 528,767 | -988,751 | 8,725 | 8,888 |
| 2017 | 546,751 | -920,812 | 22,613 | 8,809 |
| 2016 | 537,829 | -26,997 | 35,980 | 11,707 |
| 2015 | 511,023 | 465,292 | 49,741 | 8,581 |
| 2014 | 493,431 | 469,144 | - | - |
| 2013 | 475,299 | 485,794 | - | - |
| 2012 | 465,649 | 479,206 | - | - |
| 2011 | 443,675 | 491,253 | 43,836 | 19,077 |
| 2010 | 418,641 | 504,955 | - | - |
| 2009 | 438,557 | 496,229 | - | - |
| 2008 | 433,457 | 491,337 | - | - |
| 2007 | 425,199 | 489,136 | - | - |
| 2006 | 399,333 | 504,661 | - | - |
| 2005 | 375,938 | 518,565 | - | - |
| 2004 | 362,843 | 523,472 | - | - |
| 2003 | 364,520 | 514,606 | - | - |
| 2002 | 372,099 | 500,508 | - | - |
| 2001 | 382,153 | 484,252 | 132,707 | -3,811 |
| 2000 | 392,407 | 468,515 | - | - |
| 1999 | 390,112 | 160,263 | - | - |
| 1998 | 389,499 | 159,898 | - | - |
| 1997 | 385,033 | 160,066 | - | - |
| 1996 | 382,248 | 160,532 | - | - |
| 1995 | 380,231 | 160,512 | - | - |
| 1994 | 377,351 | 160,306 | - | - |
| 1993 | 372,621 | 158,074 | - | - |
| 1992 | 366,763 | 160,908 | - | - |
| 1991 | 361,329 | 162,857 | 215,698 | -12,128 |
| 1990 | 355,495 | 160,416 | - | - |
| 1989 | 349,399 | 159,273 | - | - |
| 1988 | 342,865 | 146,918 | - | - |
| 1987 | 333,088 | 175,075 | - | - |
| 1986 | 322,340 | 172,606 | - | - |
| 1985 | 310,558 | 148,208 | - | - |
| 1984 | 296,615 | 153,562 | - | - |
| 1983 | 280,616 | 157,930 | - | - |
| 1982 | 264,831 | 153,528 | - | - |
| 1981 | 249,156 | 140,355 | 326,883 | 4,508 |
| 1980 | 234,372 | 121,220 | - | - |
| 1979 | 220,186 | 112,826 | - | - |
| 1978 | 205,331 | 105,263 | - | - |
| 1977 | 191,103 | 96,015 | - | - |
| 1976 | 178,024 | 85,083 | - | - |
| 1975 | 166,223 | 73,960 | - | - |
| 1974 | 155,478 | 69,653 | - | - |
| 1973 | 145,450 | 63,995 | - | - |
| 1972 | 136,360 | 55,439 | - | - |
| 1971 | 127,600 | 43,989 | - | - |
| 1970 | 120,440 | 31,097 | - | - |
| 1969 | 113,859 | 25,312 | - | - |
| 1968 | 108,281 | 21,366 | - | - |
| 1967 | 103,343 | 17,947 | - | - |
| 1966 | 98,361 | 15,054 | 346,958 | 18,774 |
| 1965 | 93,820 | 15,000 | - | - |
| 1964 | 89,776 | 15,000 | - | - |
| 1963 | 85,480 | 15,000 | - | - |
| 1962 | 81,393 | 15,000 | - | - |
| 1961 | 77,743 | 15,000 | - | - |
| 1960 | 74,143 | 15,000 | - | - |
Data sources: World Bank | Health (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08); National Statistics, Taiwan (1966–2024, retrieved 2026-07-08).
GeoRank.org/population/saudi-arabia/taiwan | CC BY
Over the last 10 years, 99.3% of the population change in Saudi Arabia is from natural causes (a gain of 4,835,913 people) and 0.73% is from migration (a loss of 35,765 people). In Taiwan 57.8% is from natural causes (a loss of 124,655 people) and 42.2% is from migration (a gain of 90,913 people).
Biggest cities by population
|
Saudi Arabia
|
|
|---|---|
| City | Population |
| Riyadh | 7.01M |
| Jeddah | 4.7M |
| Mecca | 2.43M |
| Medina | 1.41M |
| Dammam | 903K |
| Tabuk | 886K |
| Qatif | 625K |
| Jubail | 379K |
| Ha'il | 311K |
| Yanbu | 299K |
|
Taiwan
|
|
|---|---|
| City | Population |
| New Taipei | 4.04M |
| Taichung | 2.87M |
| Kaohsiung | 2.71M |
| Taipei | 2.43M |
| Taoyuan | 2.36M |
| Tainan | 1.85M |
| Hsinchu | 456K |
| Keelung | 359K |
| Chiayi | 262K |
| Zhubei | 221K |
Compare countries by 7 more topics
Population differences between Saudi Arabia and Taiwan
|
Saudi Arabia
|
Taiwan
|
|
|---|---|---|
| Life expectancy | 79.4 years | 81.1 years |
| Average age | 30.3 years | 44.6 years |
| Median age | 30.6 years | 45.7 years |
| Male:Female ratio | 60.4:39.6 | 49.2:50.8 |
| Fertility rate | 2.31 births per woman | 0.89 births per woman |
| Population density | 45.3 ppl/mi² | 1,662 ppl/mi² |
Population map with other countries
Data sources: World Bank | Health (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08); United Nations | World Population Prospects (1960–2026, retrieved 2026-07-08); U.S. Census Bureau (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08); National Statistics, Taiwan (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08); Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) (2000–2019, retrieved 2026-07-08).
GeoRank.org/population/saudi-arabia/taiwan | CC BY
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Data sources:
- World Bank | Health (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08)
- United Nations | World Population Prospects (1960–2100, retrieved 2026-07-08)
- National Statistics, Taiwan (1960–2026, retrieved 2026-07-08)
- U.S. Census Bureau (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08)
- Wikidata (2026, retrieved 2026-07-08)
- Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) (2000–2019, retrieved 2026-07-08)
Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) — you’re free to copy, share, remix, adapt, and use even commercially as long as you give appropriate credit and clearly indicate if you made changes. Other sources may be subject to different license terms.