The latest officially reported population of the Central African Republic was 5,330,690 in 2024 vs 132,059,767 people in Ethiopia in 2024. In 2026, based on the adjusted UN estimation, the current Central African Republic's population is 5,753,659 people compared to 139,917,664 in Ethiopia.
Population statistics:
- Ethiopia's population is 24.3 times bigger than the Central African Republic's.
- The Central African Republic is ranked the 118th most populous country in the world, while Ethiopia is the 10th.
- The countries together account for 1.76% of the world: 0.07% for the Central African Republic vs 1.69% for Ethiopia.
- For the last 10 years, the Central African Republic has had an average growth rate of +1.27% per year vs +2.71% in Ethiopia.
- Since 2006, the population of the Central African Republic has increased from 4.38M people to 5.75M (31.4% growth), while Ethiopia has grown from 80.7M to 140M (73.4% growth).
Central African Republic vs Ethiopia: population by year and forecast
| Year | Population | |
|---|---|---|
CAR
|
Ethiopia
|
|
| 2100 | 19,066,004 | 371,192,732 |
| 2099 | 18,985,867 | 369,452,188 |
| 2098 | 18,901,154 | 367,626,914 |
| 2097 | 18,815,607 | 365,680,268 |
| 2096 | 18,724,783 | 363,648,440 |
| 2095 | 18,626,431 | 361,707,589 |
| 2094 | 18,526,390 | 359,642,227 |
| 2093 | 18,425,013 | 357,570,752 |
| 2092 | 18,316,437 | 355,499,462 |
| 2091 | 18,205,237 | 353,327,595 |
| 2090 | 18,087,725 | 351,068,287 |
| 2089 | 17,972,896 | 348,859,203 |
| 2088 | 17,848,943 | 346,624,222 |
| 2087 | 17,721,681 | 344,268,493 |
| 2086 | 17,585,946 | 341,777,395 |
| 2085 | 17,451,621 | 339,272,558 |
| 2084 | 17,310,863 | 336,753,372 |
| 2083 | 17,164,209 | 334,186,307 |
| 2082 | 17,014,388 | 331,503,693 |
| 2081 | 16,864,906 | 328,816,892 |
| 2080 | 16,708,761 | 326,114,551 |
| 2079 | 16,556,341 | 323,382,593 |
| 2078 | 16,396,395 | 320,521,381 |
| 2077 | 16,228,166 | 317,590,857 |
| 2076 | 16,055,590 | 314,615,353 |
| 2075 | 15,881,626 | 311,583,813 |
| 2074 | 15,710,778 | 308,511,275 |
| 2073 | 15,530,355 | 305,477,711 |
| 2072 | 15,350,553 | 302,351,806 |
| 2071 | 15,162,785 | 299,211,554 |
| 2070 | 14,968,105 | 296,054,535 |
| 2069 | 14,772,746 | 292,847,034 |
| 2068 | 14,575,859 | 289,612,061 |
| 2067 | 14,373,538 | 286,279,975 |
| 2066 | 14,170,754 | 282,992,981 |
| 2065 | 13,967,146 | 279,662,528 |
| 2064 | 13,761,777 | 276,283,161 |
| 2063 | 13,548,616 | 272,866,834 |
| 2062 | 13,336,037 | 269,424,014 |
| 2061 | 13,123,628 | 265,885,347 |
| 2060 | 12,906,496 | 262,350,260 |
| 2059 | 12,688,037 | 258,772,570 |
| 2058 | 12,467,461 | 255,284,371 |
| 2057 | 12,245,441 | 251,733,988 |
| 2056 | 12,023,522 | 248,079,002 |
| 2055 | 11,801,006 | 244,501,471 |
| 2054 | 11,578,020 | 240,868,686 |
| 2053 | 11,354,432 | 237,228,269 |
| 2052 | 11,131,786 | 233,551,340 |
| 2051 | 10,910,913 | 229,804,463 |
| 2050 | 10,689,058 | 226,124,819 |
| 2049 | 10,471,199 | 222,420,063 |
| 2048 | 10,252,433 | 218,694,640 |
| 2047 | 10,037,332 | 214,950,242 |
| 2046 | 9,822,499 | 211,226,920 |
| 2045 | 9,608,962 | 207,525,986 |
| 2044 | 9,397,018 | 203,812,674 |
| 2043 | 9,188,292 | 200,097,321 |
| 2042 | 8,982,316 | 196,411,774 |
| 2041 | 8,777,138 | 192,749,114 |
| 2040 | 8,570,085 | 189,081,695 |
| 2039 | 8,360,267 | 185,422,958 |
| 2038 | 8,151,599 | 181,789,129 |
| 2037 | 7,944,754 | 178,179,942 |
| 2036 | 7,736,415 | 174,569,201 |
| 2035 | 7,527,731 | 170,957,061 |
| 2034 | 7,316,613 | 167,367,920 |
| 2033 | 7,106,984 | 163,813,895 |
| 2032 | 6,898,917 | 160,216,774 |
| 2031 | 6,691,778 | 156,638,324 |
| 2030 | 6,488,327 | 153,070,380 |
| 2029 | 6,287,899 | 149,507,684 |
| 2028 | 6,086,983 | 145,989,372 |
| 2027 | 5,892,506 | 142,463,827 |
| 2026 | 5,702,177 | 138,973,582 |
| 2025 | 5,514,692 | 135,513,842 |
| 2024 | 5,330,690 | 132,059,767 |
| 2023 | 5,152,421 | 128,691,692 |
| 2022 | 5,098,039 | 125,384,287 |
| 2021 | 5,112,100 | 122,138,588 |
| 2020 | 5,026,628 | 118,917,671 |
| 2019 | 4,944,703 | 115,737,383 |
| 2018 | 4,878,657 | 112,664,152 |
| 2017 | 4,793,511 | 109,666,481 |
| 2016 | 4,713,663 | 106,718,162 |
| 2015 | 4,629,320 | 103,867,135 |
| 2014 | 4,623,182 | 101,115,610 |
| 2013 | 4,642,419 | 98,438,751 |
| 2012 | 4,610,848 | 95,798,767 |
| 2011 | 4,565,021 | 93,149,970 |
| 2010 | 4,492,995 | 90,538,514 |
| 2009 | 4,529,047 | 88,007,636 |
| 2008 | 4,558,984 | 85,543,668 |
| 2007 | 4,462,770 | 83,103,217 |
| 2006 | 4,377,579 | 80,703,490 |
| 2005 | 4,288,810 | 78,367,470 |
| 2004 | 4,192,826 | 76,077,206 |
| 2003 | 4,103,086 | 73,832,663 |
| 2002 | 4,006,077 | 71,635,517 |
| 2001 | 3,919,487 | 69,487,762 |
| 2000 | 3,833,416 | 67,411,494 |
| 1999 | 3,729,450 | 65,374,561 |
| 1998 | 3,628,827 | 63,363,524 |
| 1997 | 3,531,700 | 61,404,539 |
| 1996 | 3,435,965 | 59,467,635 |
| 1995 | 3,348,052 | 57,537,335 |
| 1994 | 3,257,954 | 55,611,508 |
| 1993 | 3,157,839 | 53,708,891 |
| 1992 | 3,058,831 | 51,853,747 |
| 1991 | 2,963,191 | 49,717,198 |
| 1990 | 2,871,910 | 47,609,755 |
| 1989 | 2,783,970 | 45,879,690 |
| 1988 | 2,713,965 | 44,150,825 |
| 1987 | 2,669,155 | 42,460,039 |
| 1986 | 2,634,258 | 41,037,656 |
| 1985 | 2,600,932 | 39,842,136 |
| 1984 | 2,568,610 | 38,735,722 |
| 1983 | 2,537,399 | 37,740,817 |
| 1982 | 2,507,375 | 36,701,290 |
| 1981 | 2,478,402 | 35,304,012 |
| 1980 | 2,450,535 | 34,428,514 |
| 1979 | 2,423,794 | 34,238,652 |
| 1978 | 2,397,961 | 33,734,592 |
| 1977 | 2,372,930 | 33,167,272 |
| 1976 | 2,348,566 | 32,534,418 |
| 1975 | 2,313,916 | 31,723,252 |
| 1974 | 2,269,338 | 30,957,273 |
| 1973 | 2,226,008 | 30,166,785 |
| 1972 | 2,183,769 | 29,374,608 |
| 1971 | 2,141,450 | 28,600,106 |
| 1970 | 2,097,505 | 27,829,128 |
| 1969 | 2,051,515 | 27,072,571 |
| 1968 | 2,005,100 | 26,337,930 |
| 1967 | 1,960,444 | 25,620,276 |
| 1966 | 1,918,082 | 24,952,689 |
| 1965 | 1,877,854 | 24,310,612 |
| 1964 | 1,839,583 | 23,666,548 |
| 1963 | 1,803,063 | 23,051,637 |
| 1962 | 1,768,115 | 22,465,126 |
| 1961 | 1,734,580 | 21,906,102 |
| 1960 | 1,702,346 | 21,376,693 |
Data sources: United Nations | World Population Prospects (2025–2100, retrieved 2026-03-10); World Bank | Health (1960–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06).
GeoRank.org/population/central-african-republic/ethiopia | CC BY 
From 2006 to 2016, the population of the Central African Republic increased by 336,084 people (a 7.68% growth), while Ethiopia gained 26,014,672 people (a 32.2% growth).
For the next 10 years, from 2016 to 2026, the Central African Republic gained 1,039,996 people (a 22.1% growth), while Ethiopia's population increased by 33,199,502 people (a 31.1% growth).
The Central African Republic was ranked 118th most populous country in 2006 and is still 118th in 2026. Ethiopia was ranked 16th in 2006 and ranked 10th now.
The UN's World Population Prospects forecasts that in 24 years (in 2050) the Central African Republic's population will grow by 85.8% to 10,689,058 people with a rank change from 118th to 96th. The population of Ethiopia will increase by 61.6% to 226,124,819 people and rank change from 10th to 7th.
The Central African Republic is projected to reach its peak in 2100 at 19.1M people compared to the peak of 371M people in 2100 for Ethiopia.
Population growth rate by year
| Year | Growth rate | |
|---|---|---|
|
CAR
|
Ethiopia
|
|
| 2100 | 0.42% | 0.47% |
| 2099 | 0.45% | 0.5% |
| 2098 | 0.45% | 0.53% |
| 2097 | 0.49% | 0.56% |
| 2096 | 0.53% | 0.54% |
| 2095 | 0.54% | 0.57% |
| 2094 | 0.55% | 0.58% |
| 2093 | 0.59% | 0.58% |
| 2092 | 0.61% | 0.61% |
| 2091 | 0.65% | 0.64% |
| 2090 | 0.64% | 0.63% |
| 2089 | 0.69% | 0.64% |
| 2088 | 0.72% | 0.68% |
| 2087 | 0.77% | 0.73% |
| 2086 | 0.77% | 0.74% |
| 2085 | 0.81% | 0.75% |
| 2084 | 0.85% | 0.77% |
| 2083 | 0.88% | 0.81% |
| 2082 | 0.89% | 0.82% |
| 2081 | 0.93% | 0.83% |
| 2080 | 0.92% | 0.84% |
| 2079 | 0.98% | 0.89% |
| 2078 | 1.04% | 0.92% |
| 2077 | 1.07% | 0.95% |
| 2076 | 1.1% | 0.97% |
| 2075 | 1.09% | 1% |
| 2074 | 1.16% | 0.99% |
| 2073 | 1.17% | 1.03% |
| 2072 | 1.24% | 1.05% |
| 2071 | 1.3% | 1.07% |
| 2070 | 1.32% | 1.1% |
| 2069 | 1.35% | 1.12% |
| 2068 | 1.41% | 1.16% |
| 2067 | 1.43% | 1.16% |
| 2066 | 1.46% | 1.19% |
| 2065 | 1.49% | 1.22% |
| 2064 | 1.57% | 1.25% |
| 2063 | 1.59% | 1.28% |
| 2062 | 1.62% | 1.33% |
| 2061 | 1.68% | 1.35% |
| 2060 | 1.72% | 1.38% |
| 2059 | 1.77% | 1.37% |
| 2058 | 1.81% | 1.41% |
| 2057 | 1.85% | 1.47% |
| 2056 | 1.89% | 1.46% |
| 2055 | 1.93% | 1.51% |
| 2054 | 1.97% | 1.53% |
| 2053 | 2% | 1.57% |
| 2052 | 2.02% | 1.63% |
| 2051 | 2.08% | 1.63% |
| 2050 | 2.08% | 1.67% |
| 2049 | 2.13% | 1.7% |
| 2048 | 2.14% | 1.74% |
| 2047 | 2.19% | 1.76% |
| 2046 | 2.22% | 1.78% |
| 2045 | 2.26% | 1.82% |
| 2044 | 2.27% | 1.86% |
| 2043 | 2.29% | 1.88% |
| 2042 | 2.34% | 1.9% |
| 2041 | 2.42% | 1.94% |
| 2040 | 2.51% | 1.97% |
| 2039 | 2.56% | 2% |
| 2038 | 2.6% | 2.03% |
| 2037 | 2.69% | 2.07% |
| 2036 | 2.77% | 2.11% |
| 2035 | 2.89% | 2.14% |
| 2034 | 2.95% | 2.17% |
| 2033 | 3.02% | 2.25% |
| 2032 | 3.1% | 2.28% |
| 2031 | 3.14% | 2.33% |
| 2030 | 3.19% | 2.38% |
| 2029 | 3.3% | 2.41% |
| 2028 | 3.3% | 2.47% |
| 2027 | 3.34% | 2.51% |
| 2026 | 3.4% | 2.55% |
| 2025 | 3.45% | 2.62% |
| 2024 | 3.46% | 2.62% |
| 2023 | 1.07% | 2.64% |
| 2022 | -0.28% | 2.66% |
| 2021 | 1.7% | 2.71% |
| 2020 | 1.66% | 2.75% |
| 2019 | 1.35% | 2.73% |
| 2018 | 1.78% | 2.73% |
| 2017 | 1.69% | 2.76% |
| 2016 | 1.82% | 2.74% |
| 2015 | 0.13% | 2.72% |
| 2014 | -0.41% | 2.72% |
| 2013 | 0.68% | 2.76% |
| 2012 | 1% | 2.84% |
| 2011 | 1.6% | 2.88% |
| 2010 | -0.8% | 2.88% |
| 2009 | -0.66% | 2.88% |
| 2008 | 2.16% | 2.94% |
| 2007 | 1.95% | 2.97% |
| 2006 | 2.07% | 2.98% |
| 2005 | 2.29% | 3.01% |
| 2004 | 2.19% | 3.04% |
| 2003 | 2.42% | 3.07% |
| 2002 | 2.21% | 3.09% |
| 2001 | 2.25% | 3.08% |
| 2000 | 2.79% | 3.12% |
| 1999 | 2.77% | 3.17% |
| 1998 | 2.75% | 3.19% |
| 1997 | 2.79% | 3.26% |
| 1996 | 2.63% | 3.35% |
| 1995 | 2.77% | 3.46% |
| 1994 | 3.17% | 3.54% |
| 1993 | 3.24% | 3.58% |
| 1992 | 3.23% | 4.3% |
| 1991 | 3.18% | 4.43% |
| 1990 | 3.16% | 3.77% |
| 1989 | 2.58% | 3.92% |
| 1988 | 1.68% | 3.98% |
| 1987 | 1.32% | 3.47% |
| 1986 | 1.28% | 3% |
| 1985 | 1.26% | 2.86% |
| 1984 | 1.23% | 2.64% |
| 1983 | 1.2% | 2.83% |
| 1982 | 1.17% | 3.96% |
| 1981 | 1.14% | 2.54% |
| 1980 | 1.1% | 0.55% |
| 1979 | 1.08% | 1.49% |
| 1978 | 1.05% | 1.71% |
| 1977 | 1.04% | 1.95% |
| 1976 | 1.5% | 2.56% |
| 1975 | 1.96% | 2.47% |
| 1974 | 1.95% | 2.62% |
| 1973 | 1.93% | 2.7% |
| 1972 | 1.98% | 2.71% |
| 1971 | 2.1% | 2.77% |
| 1970 | 2.24% | 2.79% |
| 1969 | 2.31% | 2.79% |
| 1968 | 2.28% | 2.8% |
| 1967 | 2.21% | 2.68% |
| 1966 | 2.14% | 2.64% |
| 1965 | 2.08% | 2.72% |
| 1964 | 2.03% | 2.67% |
| 1963 | 1.98% | 2.61% |
| 1962 | 1.93% | 2.55% |
| 1961 | 1.89% | 2.48% |
Data sources: United Nations | World Population Prospects (2025–2100, retrieved 2026-03-10); World Bank | Health (1961–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06).
GeoRank.org/population/central-african-republic/ethiopia | CC BY
In 2024, the population of the Central African Republic grew by 3.46%, while Ethiopia's population grew by 2.62%.
Live population counters
|
CAR
|
Ethiopia
|
|
|---|---|---|
| Current population |
5753659
|
139917664
|
| Population rank | 118/197 | 10/197 |
| Percent of world population | 0.07% | 1.69% |
| One net population change |
2.95 minutes
|
9.36 seconds
|
| One birth every |
2.2 minutes
|
7.68 seconds
|
| One death every |
10.8 minutes
|
41.1 seconds
|
| Daily growth/decline | +488 | +9,228 |
| Annual growth/decline | +178,269 | +3,368,075 |
| Annual growth/decline rate | +3.46% | +2.62% |
| Population growth rate rank | 9/197 | 25/197 |
| One migration net change every |
35.9 minutes
|
21.9 minutes
|
| Annual migration change | -14,693 | +24,054 |
| Net migration rank | 143/196 | 31/196 |
| Foreign-born residents | 94,556 | 1,168,455 |
| Foreign-born residents rank | 132/195 | 53/195 |
| Foreign-born share of population | 1.8% | 0.9% |
| Foreign-born share rank | 135/195 | 157/195 |
Natural population change vs migration
| Year | Population change | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
CAR
|
Ethiopia
|
|||
| Natural | Migration | Natural | Migration | |
| 2025 | - | -14,693 | - | 24,054 |
| 2024 | - | -15,357 | - | 30,069 |
| 2023 | 190,325 | -14,682 | 3,338,649 | -11,996 |
| 2022 | -49,456 | -17,430 | 3,300,114 | -11,996 |
| 2021 | 124,408 | -85,646 | 3,204,673 | -1,377 |
| 2020 | 156,911 | -24,745 | 3,199,718 | 38,866 |
| 2019 | 68,523 | -36,849 | 3,132,780 | -10,807 |
| 2018 | 153,361 | -52,954 | 3,015,231 | 9,302 |
| 2017 | 128,461 | -58,584 | 2,899,143 | 71,766 |
| 2016 | 142,419 | -52,607 | 2,809,889 | 115,823 |
| 2015 | 141,912 | -63,045 | 2,713,529 | 62,785 |
| 2014 | 107,448 | -174,051 | 2,623,647 | 103,122 |
| 2013 | 140,489 | -112,382 | 2,546,020 | 80,955 |
| 2012 | 146,791 | -111,764 | 2,533,398 | 119,517 |
| 2011 | 142,913 | -86,281 | 2,527,811 | 116,793 |
| 2010 | 130,539 | -43,126 | 2,498,048 | 80,213 |
| 2009 | -130,613 | -28,899 | 2,467,118 | 16,315 |
| 2008 | 128,627 | -28,983 | 2,465,283 | -20,780 |
| 2007 | 123,137 | -30,352 | 2,436,753 | -381 |
| 2006 | 118,882 | -41,282 | 2,393,585 | -30,512 |
| 2005 | 113,534 | -13,604 | 2,353,375 | -44,421 |
| 2004 | 108,548 | -16,510 | 2,296,999 | -25,430 |
| 2003 | 105,540 | -18,097 | 2,231,223 | -13,744 |
| 2002 | 100,588 | 5,992 | 2,189,683 | -12,925 |
| 2001 | 99,598 | -33,006 | 2,137,791 | -19,063 |
| 2000 | 97,468 | 8,079 | 2,083,622 | -49,891 |
| 1999 | 96,108 | 6,284 | 2,010,987 | 29,142 |
| 1998 | 94,361 | 4,479 | 1,984,989 | -3,011 |
| 1997 | 93,378 | 2,034 | 1,945,112 | -9,119 |
| 1996 | 93,369 | 2,697 | 1,896,364 | 41,456 |
| 1995 | 92,748 | -12,986 | 1,831,068 | 91,727 |
| 1994 | 90,943 | 9,496 | 1,788,133 | 140,715 |
| 1993 | 89,873 | 9,930 | 1,734,851 | 141,545 |
| 1992 | 88,939 | 9,269 | 1,673,839 | 160,106 |
| 1991 | 88,688 | 4,381 | 1,579,416 | 859,737 |
| 1990 | 87,507 | 1,995 | 1,479,663 | 296,014 |
| 1989 | 85,969 | 409 | 1,441,769 | 242,614 |
| 1988 | 84,654 | -31,016 | 1,393,356 | 379,966 |
| 1987 | 83,408 | -47,428 | 1,356,853 | 251,387 |
| 1986 | 81,149 | -47,332 | 1,050,277 | 186,227 |
| 1985 | 79,266 | -46,427 | 997,050 | 157,476 |
| 1984 | 77,395 | -45,591 | 920,670 | 137,632 |
| 1983 | 75,399 | -44,780 | 863,472 | 68,022 |
| 1982 | 73,330 | -43,908 | 1,080,853 | 66,702 |
| 1981 | 71,391 | -42,872 | 1,018,838 | 628,135 |
| 1980 | 68,759 | -41,539 | 1,007,516 | -903,529 |
| 1979 | 66,104 | -39,850 | 987,203 | -711,455 |
| 1978 | 63,285 | -37,874 | 943,388 | -210,991 |
| 1977 | 60,436 | -35,782 | 929,381 | -527,133 |
| 1976 | 57,725 | -33,645 | 899,577 | -36,125 |
| 1975 | 55,106 | -9,895 | 801,425 | -42,540 |
| 1974 | 53,777 | -9,838 | 777,306 | -4,232 |
| 1973 | 52,525 | -9,800 | 807,535 | 347 |
| 1972 | 51,390 | -9,634 | 779,808 | -3,375 |
| 1971 | 50,142 | -7,259 | 787,047 | -14,510 |
| 1970 | 48,690 | -3,693 | 760,821 | 8,589 |
| 1969 | 47,066 | -80 | 736,428 | 7,258 |
| 1968 | 45,377 | 474 | 715,602 | 9,992 |
| 1967 | 42,979 | 474 | 695,283 | 14,437 |
| 1966 | 40,804 | 474 | 616,281 | 9,160 |
| 1965 | 38,710 | 474 | 642,359 | 16,348 |
| 1964 | 36,878 | 474 | 618,667 | 10,749 |
| 1963 | 35,218 | 474 | 590,998 | 9,418 |
| 1962 | 33,731 | 474 | 563,650 | 8,960 |
| 1961 | 32,383 | 474 | 538,518 | 6,938 |
| 1960 | 31,131 | 474 | 511,694 | 1,696 |
Data sources: World Bank | Health (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-04-06).
GeoRank.org/population/central-african-republic/ethiopia | CC BY
Over the last 10 years, 66.7% of the population change in the Central African Republic is from natural causes (a gain of 1,164,312 people) and 33.3% is from migration (a loss of 580,593 people). In Ethiopia 98.8% is from natural causes (a gain of 30,237,373 people) and 1.19% is from migration (a gain of 365,488 people).
As of 2024, 94,556 residents or 1.8% of the population were not native-born in the Central African Republic, compared to 1,168,455 people or 0.9% in Ethiopia.
Biggest cities by population
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Population differences between the Central African Republic and Ethiopia
|
CAR
|
Ethiopia
|
|
|---|---|---|
| Life expectancy | 58.2 years | 68.1 years |
| Average age | 19.8 years | 23.8 years |
| Median age | 15.4 years | 19.9 years |
| Male:Female ratio | 48:52 | 50.1:49.9 |
| Fertility rate | 6.01 births per woman | 3.99 births per woman |
| Population density | 23.7 ppl/mi² | 319 ppl/mi² |
Population map with other countries
Data sources: World Bank | Health (1960–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06); United Nations | World Population Prospects (1960–2026, retrieved 2026-03-10); U.S. Census Bureau (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-02-08); Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) (2000–2019, retrieved 2026-02-20).
GeoRank.org/population/central-african-republic/ethiopia | CC BY
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Data sources:
- World Bank | Health (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-04-06)
- United Nations | World Population Prospects (1960–2100, retrieved 2026-03-10)
- U.S. Census Bureau (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-02-08)
- Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) (2000–2019, retrieved 2026-02-20)
- Wikidata (2026, retrieved 2026-02-08)
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