The latest officially reported population of Niger was 27,032,412 in 2024 vs 21,314,956 people in Zambia in 2024. In 2026, based on the adjusted UN estimation, the current Niger's population is 29,080,898 people compared to 22,697,916 in Zambia.
Population statistics:
- Niger's population is 1.28 times bigger than Zambia's.
- Niger is ranked the 53rd most populous country in the world, while Zambia is the 62nd.
- The countries together account for 0.62% of the world: 0.35% for Niger vs 0.27% for Zambia.
- For the last 10 years, Niger has had an average growth rate of +3.5% per year vs +3% in Zambia.
- Since 2006, the population of Niger has increased from 14.3M people to 29.1M (103.8% growth), while Zambia has grown from 12.1M to 22.7M (87.1% growth).
Niger vs Zambia: population by year and forecast
| Year | Population | |
|---|---|---|
Niger
|
Zambia
|
|
| 2100 | 92,149,803 | 65,217,429 |
| 2099 | 91,788,730 | 64,871,545 |
| 2098 | 91,409,848 | 64,515,891 |
| 2097 | 91,009,119 | 64,148,736 |
| 2096 | 90,589,670 | 63,777,313 |
| 2095 | 90,150,766 | 63,393,169 |
| 2094 | 89,694,201 | 62,992,652 |
| 2093 | 89,215,318 | 62,590,327 |
| 2092 | 88,716,114 | 62,175,930 |
| 2091 | 88,197,952 | 61,750,591 |
| 2090 | 87,660,657 | 61,321,399 |
| 2089 | 87,103,777 | 60,880,148 |
| 2088 | 86,525,686 | 60,434,676 |
| 2087 | 85,929,075 | 59,970,107 |
| 2086 | 85,313,560 | 59,499,234 |
| 2085 | 84,675,788 | 59,023,040 |
| 2084 | 84,017,371 | 58,535,857 |
| 2083 | 83,337,884 | 58,040,512 |
| 2082 | 82,638,198 | 57,538,672 |
| 2081 | 81,922,470 | 57,027,491 |
| 2080 | 81,186,181 | 56,506,421 |
| 2079 | 80,435,226 | 55,983,242 |
| 2078 | 79,665,207 | 55,449,777 |
| 2077 | 78,877,754 | 54,906,771 |
| 2076 | 78,071,174 | 54,361,075 |
| 2075 | 77,248,629 | 53,806,856 |
| 2074 | 76,412,785 | 53,246,777 |
| 2073 | 75,560,272 | 52,677,348 |
| 2072 | 74,691,713 | 52,101,139 |
| 2071 | 73,808,594 | 51,519,691 |
| 2070 | 72,912,178 | 50,931,614 |
| 2069 | 71,999,238 | 50,334,700 |
| 2068 | 71,073,720 | 49,737,479 |
| 2067 | 70,133,854 | 49,135,488 |
| 2066 | 69,181,625 | 48,530,443 |
| 2065 | 68,221,595 | 47,918,592 |
| 2064 | 67,248,034 | 47,299,740 |
| 2063 | 66,264,418 | 46,677,439 |
| 2062 | 65,270,595 | 46,048,819 |
| 2061 | 64,267,053 | 45,416,657 |
| 2060 | 63,257,169 | 44,777,347 |
| 2059 | 62,239,490 | 44,137,306 |
| 2058 | 61,213,177 | 43,494,451 |
| 2057 | 60,180,993 | 42,851,923 |
| 2056 | 59,145,841 | 42,206,898 |
| 2055 | 58,103,375 | 41,558,284 |
| 2054 | 57,056,756 | 40,906,492 |
| 2053 | 56,007,297 | 40,255,629 |
| 2052 | 54,958,567 | 39,603,888 |
| 2051 | 53,907,164 | 38,949,958 |
| 2050 | 52,858,275 | 38,294,607 |
| 2049 | 51,810,418 | 37,634,194 |
| 2048 | 50,763,456 | 36,971,309 |
| 2047 | 49,719,695 | 36,309,749 |
| 2046 | 48,677,799 | 35,645,868 |
| 2045 | 47,638,048 | 34,981,812 |
| 2044 | 46,602,104 | 34,316,981 |
| 2043 | 45,572,618 | 33,652,420 |
| 2042 | 44,546,381 | 32,990,657 |
| 2041 | 43,525,533 | 32,329,447 |
| 2040 | 42,508,212 | 31,664,262 |
| 2039 | 41,495,840 | 31,001,305 |
| 2038 | 40,485,407 | 30,335,662 |
| 2037 | 39,476,789 | 29,668,561 |
| 2036 | 38,472,178 | 29,000,264 |
| 2035 | 37,470,776 | 28,333,498 |
| 2034 | 36,477,557 | 27,671,195 |
| 2033 | 35,487,806 | 27,011,974 |
| 2032 | 34,508,717 | 26,356,580 |
| 2031 | 33,538,029 | 25,702,812 |
| 2030 | 32,574,145 | 25,055,216 |
| 2029 | 31,620,865 | 24,414,405 |
| 2028 | 30,680,257 | 23,780,809 |
| 2027 | 29,750,695 | 23,151,479 |
| 2026 | 28,832,547 | 22,529,742 |
| 2025 | 27,926,917 | 21,918,187 |
| 2024 | 27,032,412 | 21,314,956 |
| 2023 | 26,159,867 | 20,723,965 |
| 2022 | 25,311,973 | 20,152,938 |
| 2021 | 24,502,140 | 19,603,607 |
| 2020 | 23,717,613 | 19,059,395 |
| 2019 | 22,947,757 | 18,513,839 |
| 2018 | 22,188,069 | 17,973,569 |
| 2017 | 21,435,446 | 17,441,320 |
| 2016 | 20,685,753 | 16,914,423 |
| 2015 | 19,939,498 | 16,399,089 |
| 2014 | 19,215,909 | 15,895,315 |
| 2013 | 18,519,898 | 15,398,997 |
| 2012 | 17,836,769 | 14,913,629 |
| 2011 | 17,176,283 | 14,437,796 |
| 2010 | 16,548,835 | 13,965,594 |
| 2009 | 15,943,675 | 13,490,389 |
| 2008 | 15,361,915 | 13,021,324 |
| 2007 | 14,803,610 | 12,565,085 |
| 2006 | 14,268,581 | 12,129,553 |
| 2005 | 13,756,192 | 11,718,819 |
| 2004 | 13,265,836 | 11,338,198 |
| 2003 | 12,796,984 | 10,983,595 |
| 2002 | 12,349,144 | 10,647,949 |
| 2001 | 11,920,647 | 10,325,185 |
| 2000 | 11,509,630 | 10,017,631 |
| 1999 | 11,117,411 | 9,740,005 |
| 1998 | 10,741,413 | 9,482,408 |
| 1997 | 10,383,969 | 9,237,063 |
| 1996 | 10,044,852 | 9,004,053 |
| 1995 | 9,714,529 | 8,785,763 |
| 1994 | 9,398,258 | 8,576,269 |
| 1993 | 9,100,789 | 8,373,921 |
| 1992 | 8,817,633 | 8,176,680 |
| 1991 | 8,546,900 | 7,981,650 |
| 1990 | 8,286,059 | 7,786,169 |
| 1989 | 8,034,780 | 7,589,216 |
| 1988 | 7,793,748 | 7,391,440 |
| 1987 | 7,561,150 | 7,191,282 |
| 1986 | 7,335,811 | 6,986,471 |
| 1985 | 7,118,457 | 6,780,953 |
| 1984 | 6,909,971 | 6,580,490 |
| 1983 | 6,708,644 | 6,381,038 |
| 1982 | 6,512,732 | 6,178,637 |
| 1981 | 6,322,006 | 5,983,289 |
| 1980 | 6,135,971 | 5,802,833 |
| 1979 | 5,955,556 | 5,631,728 |
| 1978 | 5,782,932 | 5,465,374 |
| 1977 | 5,619,716 | 5,302,480 |
| 1976 | 5,464,962 | 5,143,842 |
| 1975 | 5,317,019 | 4,990,086 |
| 1974 | 5,174,953 | 4,842,746 |
| 1973 | 5,037,865 | 4,702,693 |
| 1972 | 4,904,845 | 4,569,309 |
| 1971 | 4,776,225 | 4,442,525 |
| 1970 | 4,650,275 | 4,321,718 |
| 1969 | 4,525,725 | 4,197,116 |
| 1968 | 4,403,637 | 4,065,593 |
| 1967 | 4,283,590 | 3,936,343 |
| 1966 | 4,165,544 | 3,812,003 |
| 1965 | 4,049,695 | 3,692,086 |
| 1964 | 3,935,814 | 3,577,017 |
| 1963 | 3,823,873 | 3,465,907 |
| 1962 | 3,714,520 | 3,358,099 |
| 1961 | 3,608,162 | 3,254,086 |
| 1960 | 3,505,050 | 3,153,729 |
Data sources: United Nations | World Population Prospects (2025–2100, retrieved 2026-03-10); World Bank | Health (1960–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06).
GeoRank.org/population/niger/zambia | CC BY 
From 2006 to 2016, the population of Niger increased by 6,417,172 people (a 45% growth), while Zambia gained 4,784,870 people (a 39.4% growth).
For the next 10 years, from 2016 to 2026, Niger gained 8,395,145 people (a 40.6% growth), while Zambia's population increased by 5,783,493 people (a 34.2% growth).
Niger was ranked 64th most populous country in 2006 and is 53rd in 2026. Zambia was ranked 71st in 2006 and ranked 62nd now.
The UN's World Population Prospects forecasts that in 24 years (in 2050) Niger's population will grow by 81.8% to 52,858,275 people with a rank change from 53rd to 38th. The population of Zambia will increase by 68.7% to 38,294,607 people and rank change from 62nd to 54th.
Niger is projected to reach its peak in 2100 at 92.1M people compared to the peak of 65.2M people in 2100 for Zambia.
Population growth rate by year
| Year | Growth rate | |
|---|---|---|
|
Niger
|
Zambia
|
|
| 2100 | 0.39% | 0.53% |
| 2099 | 0.41% | 0.55% |
| 2098 | 0.44% | 0.57% |
| 2097 | 0.46% | 0.58% |
| 2096 | 0.49% | 0.61% |
| 2095 | 0.51% | 0.64% |
| 2094 | 0.54% | 0.64% |
| 2093 | 0.56% | 0.67% |
| 2092 | 0.59% | 0.69% |
| 2091 | 0.61% | 0.7% |
| 2090 | 0.64% | 0.72% |
| 2089 | 0.67% | 0.74% |
| 2088 | 0.69% | 0.77% |
| 2087 | 0.72% | 0.79% |
| 2086 | 0.75% | 0.81% |
| 2085 | 0.78% | 0.83% |
| 2084 | 0.82% | 0.85% |
| 2083 | 0.85% | 0.87% |
| 2082 | 0.87% | 0.9% |
| 2081 | 0.91% | 0.92% |
| 2080 | 0.93% | 0.93% |
| 2079 | 0.97% | 0.96% |
| 2078 | 1% | 0.99% |
| 2077 | 1.03% | 1% |
| 2076 | 1.06% | 1.03% |
| 2075 | 1.09% | 1.05% |
| 2074 | 1.13% | 1.08% |
| 2073 | 1.16% | 1.11% |
| 2072 | 1.2% | 1.13% |
| 2071 | 1.23% | 1.15% |
| 2070 | 1.27% | 1.19% |
| 2069 | 1.3% | 1.2% |
| 2068 | 1.34% | 1.23% |
| 2067 | 1.38% | 1.25% |
| 2066 | 1.41% | 1.28% |
| 2065 | 1.45% | 1.31% |
| 2064 | 1.48% | 1.33% |
| 2063 | 1.52% | 1.37% |
| 2062 | 1.56% | 1.39% |
| 2061 | 1.6% | 1.43% |
| 2060 | 1.64% | 1.45% |
| 2059 | 1.68% | 1.48% |
| 2058 | 1.72% | 1.5% |
| 2057 | 1.75% | 1.53% |
| 2056 | 1.79% | 1.56% |
| 2055 | 1.83% | 1.59% |
| 2054 | 1.87% | 1.62% |
| 2053 | 1.91% | 1.65% |
| 2052 | 1.95% | 1.68% |
| 2051 | 1.98% | 1.71% |
| 2050 | 2.02% | 1.75% |
| 2049 | 2.06% | 1.79% |
| 2048 | 2.1% | 1.82% |
| 2047 | 2.14% | 1.86% |
| 2046 | 2.18% | 1.9% |
| 2045 | 2.22% | 1.94% |
| 2044 | 2.26% | 1.97% |
| 2043 | 2.3% | 2.01% |
| 2042 | 2.35% | 2.05% |
| 2041 | 2.39% | 2.1% |
| 2040 | 2.44% | 2.14% |
| 2039 | 2.5% | 2.19% |
| 2038 | 2.55% | 2.25% |
| 2037 | 2.61% | 2.3% |
| 2036 | 2.67% | 2.35% |
| 2035 | 2.72% | 2.39% |
| 2034 | 2.79% | 2.44% |
| 2033 | 2.84% | 2.49% |
| 2032 | 2.89% | 2.54% |
| 2031 | 2.96% | 2.58% |
| 2030 | 3.01% | 2.62% |
| 2029 | 3.07% | 2.66% |
| 2028 | 3.12% | 2.72% |
| 2027 | 3.18% | 2.76% |
| 2026 | 3.24% | 2.79% |
| 2025 | 3.31% | 2.83% |
| 2024 | 3.34% | 2.85% |
| 2023 | 3.35% | 2.83% |
| 2022 | 3.31% | 2.8% |
| 2021 | 3.31% | 2.86% |
| 2020 | 3.35% | 2.95% |
| 2019 | 3.42% | 3.01% |
| 2018 | 3.51% | 3.05% |
| 2017 | 3.62% | 3.12% |
| 2016 | 3.74% | 3.14% |
| 2015 | 3.77% | 3.17% |
| 2014 | 3.76% | 3.22% |
| 2013 | 3.83% | 3.25% |
| 2012 | 3.85% | 3.3% |
| 2011 | 3.79% | 3.38% |
| 2010 | 3.8% | 3.52% |
| 2009 | 3.79% | 3.6% |
| 2008 | 3.77% | 3.63% |
| 2007 | 3.75% | 3.59% |
| 2006 | 3.72% | 3.5% |
| 2005 | 3.7% | 3.36% |
| 2004 | 3.66% | 3.23% |
| 2003 | 3.63% | 3.15% |
| 2002 | 3.59% | 3.13% |
| 2001 | 3.57% | 3.07% |
| 2000 | 3.53% | 2.85% |
| 1999 | 3.5% | 2.72% |
| 1998 | 3.44% | 2.66% |
| 1997 | 3.38% | 2.59% |
| 1996 | 3.4% | 2.48% |
| 1995 | 3.37% | 2.44% |
| 1994 | 3.27% | 2.42% |
| 1993 | 3.21% | 2.41% |
| 1992 | 3.17% | 2.44% |
| 1991 | 3.15% | 2.51% |
| 1990 | 3.13% | 2.6% |
| 1989 | 3.09% | 2.68% |
| 1988 | 3.08% | 2.78% |
| 1987 | 3.07% | 2.93% |
| 1986 | 3.05% | 3.03% |
| 1985 | 3.02% | 3.05% |
| 1984 | 3% | 3.13% |
| 1983 | 3.01% | 3.28% |
| 1982 | 3.02% | 3.26% |
| 1981 | 3.03% | 3.11% |
| 1980 | 3.03% | 3.04% |
| 1979 | 2.99% | 3.04% |
| 1978 | 2.9% | 3.07% |
| 1977 | 2.83% | 3.08% |
| 1976 | 2.78% | 3.08% |
| 1975 | 2.75% | 3.04% |
| 1974 | 2.72% | 2.98% |
| 1973 | 2.71% | 2.92% |
| 1972 | 2.69% | 2.85% |
| 1971 | 2.71% | 2.8% |
| 1970 | 2.75% | 2.97% |
| 1969 | 2.77% | 3.24% |
| 1968 | 2.8% | 3.28% |
| 1967 | 2.83% | 3.26% |
| 1966 | 2.86% | 3.25% |
| 1965 | 2.89% | 3.22% |
| 1964 | 2.93% | 3.21% |
| 1963 | 2.94% | 3.21% |
| 1962 | 2.95% | 3.2% |
| 1961 | 2.94% | 3.18% |
Data sources: United Nations | World Population Prospects (2025–2100, retrieved 2026-03-10); World Bank | Health (1961–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06).
GeoRank.org/population/niger/zambia | CC BY
In 2024, the population of Niger grew by 3.34%, while Zambia's population grew by 2.85%.
Live population counters
|
Niger
|
Zambia
|
|
|---|---|---|
| Current population |
29080898
|
22697916
|
| Population rank | 53/197 | 62/197 |
| Percent of world population | 0.35% | 0.27% |
| One net population change |
36.1 seconds
|
53.4 seconds
|
| One birth every |
28.8 seconds
|
46 seconds
|
| One death every |
2.27 minutes
|
4.87 minutes
|
| Daily growth/decline | +2,391 | +1,619 |
| Annual growth/decline | +872,545 | +590,991 |
| Annual growth/decline rate | +3.34% | +2.85% |
| Population growth rate rank | 10/197 | 21/197 |
| One migration net change every |
1.14 hours
|
1.34 hours
|
| Annual migration change | -7,704 | +6,562 |
| Net migration rank | 126/196 | 47/196 |
| Foreign-born residents | 449,236 | 249,205 |
| Foreign-born residents rank | 85/195 | 105/195 |
| Foreign-born share of population | 1.7% | 1.2% |
| Foreign-born share rank | 140/195 | 150/195 |
Natural population change vs migration
| Year | Population change | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Niger
|
Zambia
|
|||
| Natural | Migration | Natural | Migration | |
| 2025 | - | -7,704 | - | 6,562 |
| 2024 | - | -4,041 | - | 7,381 |
| 2023 | 864,139 | 995 | 577,660 | 9,521 |
| 2022 | 829,651 | 995 | 563,456 | -8,566 |
| 2021 | 793,428 | -4,405 | 535,629 | 8,143 |
| 2020 | 784,437 | -4,402 | 536,484 | 8,156 |
| 2019 | 775,474 | -15,778 | 528,089 | 18,385 |
| 2018 | 763,536 | -3,830 | 515,644 | 18,431 |
| 2017 | 752,384 | -6,830 | 504,630 | 25,789 |
| 2016 | 738,999 | 14,833 | 497,521 | 25,860 |
| 2015 | 721,630 | 17,051 | 491,021 | 16,261 |
| 2014 | 704,609 | 3,891 | 483,663 | 16,574 |
| 2013 | 686,070 | -2,543 | 476,846 | 15,542 |
| 2012 | 664,009 | 18,714 | 469,406 | 8,958 |
| 2011 | 645,175 | -6,941 | 459,743 | 13,569 |
| 2010 | 624,685 | -8,033 | 448,337 | 22,761 |
| 2009 | 602,671 | -9,014 | 434,458 | 44,867 |
| 2008 | 579,727 | -9,847 | 419,560 | 39,249 |
| 2007 | 556,808 | -10,069 | 403,729 | 49,945 |
| 2006 | 533,374 | -10,054 | 387,891 | 29,517 |
| 2005 | 511,167 | -9,700 | 368,756 | 35,316 |
| 2004 | 488,328 | -9,070 | 349,352 | 7,819 |
| 2003 | 467,295 | -8,841 | 331,189 | 20,845 |
| 2002 | 446,767 | -9,550 | 316,041 | 3,206 |
| 2001 | 428,417 | -8,654 | 302,682 | 23,582 |
| 2000 | 410,779 | -8,522 | 293,186 | -4,338 |
| 1999 | 394,212 | -12,037 | 283,297 | -16,888 |
| 1998 | 377,120 | -7,298 | 275,568 | -26,796 |
| 1997 | 358,745 | -13,680 | 268,198 | -26,276 |
| 1996 | 341,223 | -8,057 | 262,468 | -38,358 |
| 1995 | 323,630 | 3,843 | 257,897 | -45,423 |
| 1994 | 306,026 | -959 | 252,023 | -45,504 |
| 1993 | 292,135 | -2,269 | 245,917 | -47,739 |
| 1992 | 278,690 | -2,258 | 239,953 | -43,656 |
| 1991 | 266,527 | -1,500 | 237,957 | -44,203 |
| 1990 | 256,594 | 73 | 235,835 | -38,619 |
| 1989 | 245,278 | 613 | 233,429 | -36,736 |
| 1988 | 237,296 | -1,139 | 230,118 | -31,270 |
| 1987 | 231,371 | -2,338 | 227,813 | -26,338 |
| 1986 | 224,365 | -2,728 | 224,768 | -16,610 |
| 1985 | 219,206 | -6,126 | 221,351 | -18,474 |
| 1984 | 213,111 | -9,208 | 216,695 | -18,652 |
| 1983 | 207,962 | -9,209 | 212,712 | -11,849 |
| 1982 | 202,012 | -8,935 | 207,621 | -3,676 |
| 1981 | 195,938 | -7,559 | 202,822 | -16,072 |
| 1980 | 189,251 | -5,564 | 198,817 | -24,664 |
| 1979 | 180,632 | -3,495 | 197,578 | -29,515 |
| 1978 | 171,614 | -3,494 | 194,933 | -30,284 |
| 1977 | 161,792 | -3,476 | 191,557 | -30,423 |
| 1976 | 154,489 | -3,308 | 186,762 | -30,612 |
| 1975 | 147,962 | -3,254 | 182,258 | -30,886 |
| 1974 | 142,606 | -3,179 | 174,484 | -31,178 |
| 1973 | 137,695 | -2,942 | 168,258 | -31,472 |
| 1972 | 133,813 | -2,525 | 161,648 | -31,672 |
| 1971 | 128,223 | -2,277 | 155,249 | -31,651 |
| 1970 | 128,184 | -2,225 | 149,380 | -31,370 |
| 1969 | 125,389 | -2,245 | 142,660 | -11,469 |
| 1968 | 123,301 | -2,277 | 137,315 | -5,447 |
| 1967 | 121,358 | -2,289 | 131,938 | -5,298 |
| 1966 | 119,314 | -2,289 | 127,164 | -5,129 |
| 1965 | 116,963 | -2,289 | 122,814 | -5,023 |
| 1964 | 115,386 | -2,289 | 117,197 | -4,851 |
| 1963 | 113,072 | -2,289 | 114,555 | -4,676 |
| 1962 | 110,280 | -2,369 | 110,173 | -4,428 |
| 1961 | 107,693 | -2,893 | 106,318 | -4,043 |
| 1960 | 105,081 | -3,641 | 102,335 | -3,898 |
Data sources: World Bank | Health (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-04-06).
GeoRank.org/population/niger/zambia | CC BY
Over the last 10 years, 100% of the population change in Niger is from natural causes (a gain of 7,728,287 people) and 0.03% is from migration (a gain of 2,520 people). In Zambia 97.4% is from natural causes (a gain of 5,233,797 people) and 2.58% is from migration (a gain of 138,554 people).
As of 2024, 449,236 residents or 1.7% of the population were not native-born in Niger, compared to 249,205 people or 1.2% in Zambia.
Biggest cities by population
Compare countries by 7 more topics
Population differences between Niger and Zambia
|
Niger
|
Zambia
|
|
|---|---|---|
| Life expectancy | 61.9 years | 66.9 years |
| Average age | 21.2 years | 22.6 years |
| Median age | 16.5 years | 18.8 years |
| Male:Female ratio | 50.8:49.2 | 49.5:50.5 |
| Fertility rate | 6.06 births per woman | 4.1 births per woman |
| Population density | 59 ppl/mi² | 78.5 ppl/mi² |
Population map with other countries
Data sources: World Bank | Health (1960–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06); United Nations | World Population Prospects (1960–2026, retrieved 2026-03-10); U.S. Census Bureau (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-02-08); Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) (2000–2019, retrieved 2026-02-20).
GeoRank.org/population/niger/zambia | CC BY
Help us show the world through your eyes
Share a photo of your city and help others discover what it looks like to live there. Your contribution makes our data come alive.
Data sources:
- World Bank | Health (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-04-06)
- United Nations | World Population Prospects (1960–2100, retrieved 2026-03-10)
- U.S. Census Bureau (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-02-08)
- Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) (2000–2019, retrieved 2026-02-20)
- Wikidata (2026, retrieved 2026-02-08)
Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) — you’re free to copy, share, remix, adapt, and use even commercially as long as you give appropriate credit and clearly indicate if you made changes. Other sources may be subject to different license terms.