The latest officially reported population of Finland was 5,646,436 in 2025 vs 1,820,909 people in North Macedonia in 2025. In 2026, based on the adjusted UN estimation, the current Finland's population is 5,647,947 people compared to 1,811,466 in North Macedonia.
Population statistics:
- Finland's population is 3.12 times bigger than North Macedonia's.
- Finland is ranked the 120th most populous country in the world, while North Macedonia is the 150th.
- The countries together account for 0.09% of the world: 0.07% for Finland vs 0.02% for North Macedonia.
- For the last 10 years, Finland has had an average growth rate of +0.3% per year vs -0.47% in North Macedonia.
- Since 2006, the population of Finland has increased from 5.27M people to 5.65M (7.25% growth), while North Macedonia has declined from 1.99M to 1.81M (9.17% decline).
Finland vs North Macedonia: population by year and forecast
| Year | Population | |
|---|---|---|
|
|
|
|
| 2100 | 4,629,053 | 869,530 |
| 2099 | 4,645,228 | 880,467 |
| 2098 | 4,661,258 | 891,427 |
| 2097 | 4,676,964 | 902,461 |
| 2096 | 4,692,260 | 913,488 |
| 2095 | 4,707,633 | 924,371 |
| 2094 | 4,722,751 | 935,479 |
| 2093 | 4,738,088 | 946,865 |
| 2092 | 4,753,259 | 958,251 |
| 2091 | 4,768,754 | 969,723 |
| 2090 | 4,784,445 | 981,115 |
| 2089 | 4,799,982 | 992,687 |
| 2088 | 4,815,528 | 1,004,280 |
| 2087 | 4,831,523 | 1,015,922 |
| 2086 | 4,847,503 | 1,027,915 |
| 2085 | 4,863,391 | 1,039,832 |
| 2084 | 4,878,695 | 1,052,077 |
| 2083 | 4,894,099 | 1,064,269 |
| 2082 | 4,909,902 | 1,076,684 |
| 2081 | 4,925,741 | 1,089,137 |
| 2080 | 4,941,601 | 1,101,478 |
| 2079 | 4,957,156 | 1,114,004 |
| 2078 | 4,972,238 | 1,126,827 |
| 2077 | 4,987,486 | 1,139,917 |
| 2076 | 5,002,755 | 1,153,296 |
| 2075 | 5,017,572 | 1,166,630 |
| 2074 | 5,032,306 | 1,180,262 |
| 2073 | 5,046,593 | 1,193,984 |
| 2072 | 5,060,464 | 1,207,689 |
| 2071 | 5,074,179 | 1,221,407 |
| 2070 | 5,087,802 | 1,235,738 |
| 2069 | 5,101,058 | 1,250,212 |
| 2068 | 5,114,493 | 1,264,718 |
| 2067 | 5,127,889 | 1,279,182 |
| 2066 | 5,141,202 | 1,293,374 |
| 2065 | 5,155,429 | 1,307,896 |
| 2064 | 5,169,525 | 1,322,184 |
| 2063 | 5,183,843 | 1,336,875 |
| 2062 | 5,198,043 | 1,351,652 |
| 2061 | 5,212,670 | 1,366,457 |
| 2060 | 5,227,697 | 1,381,009 |
| 2059 | 5,242,988 | 1,395,166 |
| 2058 | 5,257,844 | 1,409,270 |
| 2057 | 5,273,628 | 1,423,516 |
| 2056 | 5,289,765 | 1,437,970 |
| 2055 | 5,305,934 | 1,452,276 |
| 2054 | 5,321,736 | 1,466,673 |
| 2053 | 5,337,053 | 1,480,857 |
| 2052 | 5,352,244 | 1,494,452 |
| 2051 | 5,367,229 | 1,508,115 |
| 2050 | 5,381,479 | 1,521,258 |
| 2049 | 5,395,348 | 1,534,276 |
| 2048 | 5,408,876 | 1,547,097 |
| 2047 | 5,422,100 | 1,559,831 |
| 2046 | 5,434,914 | 1,572,937 |
| 2045 | 5,447,770 | 1,585,940 |
| 2044 | 5,460,322 | 1,598,742 |
| 2043 | 5,473,016 | 1,611,835 |
| 2042 | 5,485,319 | 1,624,885 |
| 2041 | 5,497,690 | 1,637,687 |
| 2040 | 5,509,866 | 1,650,468 |
| 2039 | 5,522,256 | 1,663,094 |
| 2038 | 5,534,448 | 1,675,445 |
| 2037 | 5,546,603 | 1,687,986 |
| 2036 | 5,558,413 | 1,700,377 |
| 2035 | 5,569,919 | 1,712,512 |
| 2034 | 5,580,966 | 1,724,440 |
| 2033 | 5,591,512 | 1,736,005 |
| 2032 | 5,601,550 | 1,747,606 |
| 2031 | 5,611,269 | 1,759,081 |
| 2030 | 5,620,291 | 1,770,549 |
| 2029 | 5,628,791 | 1,781,235 |
| 2028 | 5,636,422 | 1,791,502 |
| 2027 | 5,643,240 | 1,801,426 |
| 2026 | 5,647,947 | 1,811,466 |
| 2025 | 5,646,436 | 1,820,909 |
| 2024 | 5,619,911 | 1,824,359 |
| 2023 | 5,583,911 | 1,827,816 |
| 2022 | 5,556,106 | 1,831,712 |
| 2021 | 5,541,017 | 1,837,114 |
| 2020 | 5,529,543 | 1,856,124 |
| 2019 | 5,521,606 | 1,876,262 |
| 2018 | 5,515,525 | 1,889,051 |
| 2017 | 5,508,214 | 1,898,657 |
| 2016 | 5,495,303 | 1,906,313 |
| 2015 | 5,479,531 | 1,912,430 |
| 2014 | 5,461,512 | 1,917,557 |
| 2013 | 5,438,972 | 1,922,716 |
| 2012 | 5,413,971 | 1,929,821 |
| 2011 | 5,388,272 | 1,937,398 |
| 2010 | 5,363,352 | 1,946,298 |
| 2009 | 5,338,871 | 1,958,782 |
| 2008 | 5,313,399 | 1,971,493 |
| 2007 | 5,288,720 | 1,982,933 |
| 2006 | 5,266,268 | 1,994,287 |
| 2005 | 5,246,096 | 2,005,330 |
| 2004 | 5,228,172 | 2,016,186 |
| 2003 | 5,213,014 | 2,022,725 |
| 2002 | 5,200,598 | 2,020,157 |
| 2001 | 5,188,008 | 2,034,882 |
| 2000 | 5,176,209 | 2,026,350 |
| 1999 | 5,165,474 | 2,017,142 |
| 1998 | 5,153,498 | 2,007,523 |
| 1997 | 5,139,835 | 1,996,869 |
| 1996 | 5,124,573 | 2,012,553 |
| 1995 | 5,107,790 | 1,998,534 |
| 1994 | 5,088,333 | 1,992,666 |
| 1993 | 5,066,447 | 2,006,854 |
| 1992 | 5,041,992 | 2,032,523 |
| 1991 | 5,013,740 | 2,055,994 |
| 1990 | 4,986,431 | 2,063,689 |
| 1989 | 4,964,371 | 2,055,649 |
| 1988 | 4,946,481 | 2,045,737 |
| 1987 | 4,932,123 | 2,035,157 |
| 1986 | 4,918,154 | 2,024,732 |
| 1985 | 4,902,206 | 2,014,331 |
| 1984 | 4,881,803 | 2,003,399 |
| 1983 | 4,855,787 | 1,991,901 |
| 1982 | 4,826,933 | 1,978,956 |
| 1981 | 4,799,964 | 1,959,065 |
| 1980 | 4,779,535 | 1,933,038 |
| 1979 | 4,764,690 | 1,906,523 |
| 1978 | 4,752,528 | 1,879,847 |
| 1977 | 4,738,902 | 1,853,138 |
| 1976 | 4,725,664 | 1,825,830 |
| 1975 | 4,711,440 | 1,797,972 |
| 1974 | 4,690,574 | 1,770,545 |
| 1973 | 4,666,081 | 1,743,816 |
| 1972 | 4,639,657 | 1,717,395 |
| 1971 | 4,612,124 | 1,691,216 |
| 1970 | 4,606,307 | 1,664,208 |
| 1969 | 4,623,785 | 1,636,345 |
| 1968 | 4,626,469 | 1,608,930 |
| 1967 | 4,605,744 | 1,582,492 |
| 1966 | 4,580,869 | 1,557,349 |
| 1965 | 4,563,732 | 1,533,466 |
| 1964 | 4,548,543 | 1,510,900 |
| 1963 | 4,523,309 | 1,488,737 |
| 1962 | 4,491,443 | 1,471,745 |
| 1961 | 4,461,005 | 1,455,171 |
| 1960 | 4,429,634 | 1,435,059 |
Data sources: United Nations | World Population Prospects (2026–2100, retrieved 2026-07-08); World Bank | Health (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08).
GeoRank.org/population/finland/north-macedonia | CC BY
From 2006 to 2016, the population of Finland increased by 229,035 people (a 4.35% growth), while North Macedonia lost 87,974 people (a 4.41% decline).
For the next 10 years, from 2016 to 2026, Finland gained 152,644 people (a 2.78% growth), while North Macedonia's population decreased by 94,847 people (a 4.98% decline).
Finland was ranked 111th most populous country in 2006 and is 120th in 2026. North Macedonia was ranked 142nd in 2006 and ranked 150th now.
The UN's World Population Prospects forecasts that in 24 years (in 2050) Finland's population will shrink by 4.72% to 5,381,479 people with a rank change from 120th to 126th. The population of North Macedonia will decrease by 16% to 1,521,258 people and rank change from 150th to 152nd.
Finland is projected to reach its peak in 2026 at 5.65M people, while North Macedonia's population already peaked in 1990 at 2.06M people and is projected to decrease to 870K people by 2100.
Population growth rate by year
| Year | Growth rate | |
|---|---|---|
|
|
|
|
| 2100 | -0.35% | -1.24% |
| 2099 | -0.34% | -1.23% |
| 2098 | -0.34% | -1.22% |
| 2097 | -0.33% | -1.21% |
| 2096 | -0.33% | -1.18% |
| 2095 | -0.32% | -1.19% |
| 2094 | -0.32% | -1.2% |
| 2093 | -0.32% | -1.19% |
| 2092 | -0.32% | -1.18% |
| 2091 | -0.33% | -1.16% |
| 2090 | -0.32% | -1.17% |
| 2089 | -0.32% | -1.15% |
| 2088 | -0.33% | -1.15% |
| 2087 | -0.33% | -1.17% |
| 2086 | -0.33% | -1.15% |
| 2085 | -0.31% | -1.16% |
| 2084 | -0.31% | -1.15% |
| 2083 | -0.32% | -1.15% |
| 2082 | -0.32% | -1.14% |
| 2081 | -0.32% | -1.12% |
| 2080 | -0.31% | -1.12% |
| 2079 | -0.3% | -1.14% |
| 2078 | -0.31% | -1.15% |
| 2077 | -0.31% | -1.16% |
| 2076 | -0.3% | -1.14% |
| 2075 | -0.29% | -1.15% |
| 2074 | -0.28% | -1.15% |
| 2073 | -0.27% | -1.13% |
| 2072 | -0.27% | -1.12% |
| 2071 | -0.27% | -1.16% |
| 2070 | -0.26% | -1.16% |
| 2069 | -0.26% | -1.15% |
| 2068 | -0.26% | -1.13% |
| 2067 | -0.26% | -1.1% |
| 2066 | -0.28% | -1.11% |
| 2065 | -0.27% | -1.08% |
| 2064 | -0.28% | -1.1% |
| 2063 | -0.27% | -1.09% |
| 2062 | -0.28% | -1.08% |
| 2061 | -0.29% | -1.05% |
| 2060 | -0.29% | -1.01% |
| 2059 | -0.28% | -1% |
| 2058 | -0.3% | -1% |
| 2057 | -0.31% | -1.01% |
| 2056 | -0.3% | -0.99% |
| 2055 | -0.3% | -0.98% |
| 2054 | -0.29% | -0.96% |
| 2053 | -0.28% | -0.91% |
| 2052 | -0.28% | -0.91% |
| 2051 | -0.26% | -0.86% |
| 2050 | -0.26% | -0.85% |
| 2049 | -0.25% | -0.83% |
| 2048 | -0.24% | -0.82% |
| 2047 | -0.24% | -0.83% |
| 2046 | -0.24% | -0.82% |
| 2045 | -0.23% | -0.8% |
| 2044 | -0.23% | -0.81% |
| 2043 | -0.22% | -0.8% |
| 2042 | -0.23% | -0.78% |
| 2041 | -0.22% | -0.77% |
| 2040 | -0.22% | -0.76% |
| 2039 | -0.22% | -0.74% |
| 2038 | -0.22% | -0.74% |
| 2037 | -0.21% | -0.73% |
| 2036 | -0.21% | -0.71% |
| 2035 | -0.2% | -0.69% |
| 2034 | -0.19% | -0.67% |
| 2033 | -0.18% | -0.66% |
| 2032 | -0.17% | -0.65% |
| 2031 | -0.16% | -0.65% |
| 2030 | -0.15% | -0.6% |
| 2029 | -0.14% | -0.57% |
| 2028 | -0.12% | -0.55% |
| 2027 | -0.08% | -0.55% |
| 2026 | 0.03% | -0.52% |
| 2025 | 0.47% | -0.19% |
| 2024 | 0.64% | -0.19% |
| 2023 | 0.5% | -0.21% |
| 2022 | 0.27% | -0.29% |
| 2021 | 0.21% | -1.02% |
| 2020 | 0.14% | -1.07% |
| 2019 | 0.11% | -0.68% |
| 2018 | 0.13% | -0.51% |
| 2017 | 0.23% | -0.4% |
| 2016 | 0.29% | -0.32% |
| 2015 | 0.33% | -0.27% |
| 2014 | 0.41% | -0.27% |
| 2013 | 0.46% | -0.37% |
| 2012 | 0.48% | -0.39% |
| 2011 | 0.46% | -0.46% |
| 2010 | 0.46% | -0.64% |
| 2009 | 0.48% | -0.64% |
| 2008 | 0.47% | -0.58% |
| 2007 | 0.43% | -0.57% |
| 2006 | 0.38% | -0.55% |
| 2005 | 0.34% | -0.54% |
| 2004 | 0.29% | -0.32% |
| 2003 | 0.24% | 0.13% |
| 2002 | 0.24% | -0.72% |
| 2001 | 0.23% | 0.42% |
| 2000 | 0.21% | 0.46% |
| 1999 | 0.23% | 0.48% |
| 1998 | 0.27% | 0.53% |
| 1997 | 0.3% | -0.78% |
| 1996 | 0.33% | 0.7% |
| 1995 | 0.38% | 0.29% |
| 1994 | 0.43% | -0.71% |
| 1993 | 0.49% | -1.26% |
| 1992 | 0.56% | -1.14% |
| 1991 | 0.55% | -0.37% |
| 1990 | 0.44% | 0.39% |
| 1989 | 0.36% | 0.48% |
| 1988 | 0.29% | 0.52% |
| 1987 | 0.28% | 0.51% |
| 1986 | 0.33% | 0.52% |
| 1985 | 0.42% | 0.55% |
| 1984 | 0.54% | 0.58% |
| 1983 | 0.6% | 0.65% |
| 1982 | 0.56% | 1.02% |
| 1981 | 0.43% | 1.35% |
| 1980 | 0.31% | 1.39% |
| 1979 | 0.26% | 1.42% |
| 1978 | 0.29% | 1.44% |
| 1977 | 0.28% | 1.5% |
| 1976 | 0.3% | 1.55% |
| 1975 | 0.44% | 1.55% |
| 1974 | 0.52% | 1.53% |
| 1973 | 0.57% | 1.54% |
| 1972 | 0.6% | 1.55% |
| 1971 | 0.13% | 1.62% |
| 1970 | -0.38% | 1.7% |
| 1969 | -0.06% | 1.7% |
| 1968 | 0.45% | 1.67% |
| 1967 | 0.54% | 1.61% |
| 1966 | 0.38% | 1.56% |
| 1965 | 0.33% | 1.49% |
| 1964 | 0.56% | 1.49% |
| 1963 | 0.71% | 1.15% |
| 1962 | 0.68% | 1.14% |
| 1961 | 0.71% | 1.4% |
Data sources: United Nations | World Population Prospects (2026–2100, retrieved 2026-07-08); World Bank | Health (1961–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08).
GeoRank.org/population/finland/north-macedonia | CC BY
In 2025, the population of Finland grew by 0.47%, while North Macedonia's population declined by 0.19%.
Live population counters
|
|
|
|
|---|---|---|
| Current population |
5647947
|
1811466
|
| Population rank | 120/197 | 150/197 |
| Percent of world population | 0.07% | 0.02% |
| One net population change |
19.9 minutes
|
2.55 hours
|
| One birth every |
12 minutes
|
32.7 minutes
|
| One death every |
8.99 minutes
|
26 minutes
|
| Daily growth/decline | +73 | -9 |
| Annual growth/decline | +26,525 | -3,450 |
| Annual growth/decline rate | +0.47% | -0.19% |
| Population growth rate rank | 130/197 | 176/197 |
| One migration net change every |
28.9 minutes
|
1.56 hours
|
| Annual migration change | +18,246 | -5,645 |
| Net migration rank | 33/196 | 119/196 |
| Foreign-born residents | 514,432 | 150,902 |
| Foreign-born residents rank | 79/195 | 122/195 |
| Foreign-born share of population | 9.2% | 8.3% |
| Foreign-born share rank | 69/195 | 73/195 |
Natural population change vs migration
| Year | Population change | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
|
|
|||
| Natural | Migration | Natural | Migration | |
| 2025 | - | 18,246 | - | -5,645 |
| 2024 | -14,612 | 26,894 | -4,196 | -5,728 |
| 2023 | -17,869 | 38,156 | -3,290 | -5,597 |
| 2022 | -18,335 | 60,353 | -4,397 | -5,296 |
| 2021 | -7,757 | 22,484 | -9,737 | -5,483 |
| 2020 | -8,847 | 17,504 | -5,939 | -23,458 |
| 2019 | -8,282 | 15,671 | -375 | -24,204 |
| 2018 | -7,170 | 11,822 | 1,512 | -24,878 |
| 2017 | -3,856 | 13,356 | 1,329 | -24,227 |
| 2016 | -1,099 | 17,321 | 2,374 | -24,144 |
| 2015 | 2,740 | 12,655 | 2,294 | -23,010 |
| 2014 | 4,915 | 15,915 | 3,644 | -22,132 |
| 2013 | 6,527 | 18,164 | 3,653 | -20,297 |
| 2012 | 7,579 | 17,894 | 3,087 | -19,083 |
| 2011 | 9,160 | 16,798 | 3,100 | -17,871 |
| 2010 | 10,191 | 14,080 | 4,866 | -16,668 |
| 2009 | 10,678 | 14,877 | 4,309 | -15,455 |
| 2008 | 10,627 | 15,626 | 3,746 | -17,645 |
| 2007 | 9,519 | 14,027 | 2,974 | -15,705 |
| 2006 | 11,059 | 10,820 | 3,988 | -9,632 |
| 2005 | 9,968 | 9,251 | 4,011 | -2,244 |
| 2004 | 9,933 | 6,956 | 5,444 | -2,640 |
| 2003 | 7,819 | 5,929 | 8,900 | -2,880 |
| 2002 | 6,241 | 5,255 | 9,697 | -2,858 |
| 2001 | 7,263 | 6,241 | 10,174 | -922 |
| 2000 | 7,765 | 2,497 | 12,159 | -2,824 |
| 1999 | 7,748 | 3,604 | 10,489 | -1,261 |
| 1998 | 7,730 | 4,417 | 12,446 | -589 |
| 1997 | 9,766 | 4,925 | 12,979 | -477 |
| 1996 | 11,274 | 3,757 | 14,806 | -397 |
| 1995 | 13,791 | 4,325 | 17,239 | -3,603 |
| 1994 | 17,300 | 3,834 | 19,103 | -21,006 |
| 1993 | 13,679 | 9,036 | 20,797 | -47,273 |
| 1992 | 16,639 | 9,356 | 21,659 | -46,509 |
| 1991 | 16,044 | 14,515 | 23,387 | -45,484 |
| 1990 | 15,458 | 8,920 | 22,868 | -16,174 |
| 1989 | 14,396 | 5,775 | 22,912 | -13,528 |
| 1988 | 14,344 | 1,765 | 24,064 | -13,621 |
| 1987 | 11,837 | 831 | 24,359 | -13,635 |
| 1986 | 13,279 | 1,491 | 23,720 | -13,589 |
| 1985 | 14,707 | 2,416 | 24,167 | -13,492 |
| 1984 | 20,015 | 3,972 | 24,436 | -13,251 |
| 1983 | 21,851 | 6,925 | 24,690 | -12,884 |
| 1982 | 22,686 | 7,109 | 25,810 | -11,716 |
| 1981 | 18,720 | 5,287 | 25,689 | 0 |
| 1980 | 18,640 | -2,212 | 26,547 | -189 |
| 1979 | 19,535 | -6,612 | 27,096 | -426 |
| 1978 | 20,436 | -9,348 | 27,150 | -462 |
| 1977 | 21,799 | -5,697 | 27,410 | -683 |
| 1976 | 21,738 | -11,843 | 28,799 | -911 |
| 1975 | 21,673 | -3,807 | 28,983 | -1,147 |
| 1974 | 17,824 | 5,891 | 28,400 | -1,376 |
| 1973 | 13,532 | 11,558 | 28,032 | -1,600 |
| 1972 | 14,847 | 12,613 | 28,236 | -1,834 |
| 1971 | 15,220 | 12,286 | 28,010 | -2,064 |
| 1970 | 20,268 | -36,579 | 28,022 | 60 |
| 1969 | 21,732 | -42,207 | 27,464 | 181 |
| 1968 | 28,684 | -15,561 | 28,378 | -1,201 |
| 1967 | 33,622 | -5,353 | 28,401 | -2,696 |
| 1966 | 34,356 | -12,059 | 28,766 | -4,176 |
| 1965 | 33,771 | -21,731 | 28,564 | -5,385 |
| 1964 | 38,208 | -20,414 | 27,889 | -5,938 |
| 1963 | 40,258 | -7,624 | 28,124 | -5,759 |
| 1962 | 38,627 | -6,852 | 25,317 | -13,702 |
| 1961 | 41,487 | -11,828 | 27,846 | -6,309 |
| 1960 | 42,082 | -9,489 | 28,816 | -10,126 |
Data sources: World Bank | Health (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08).
GeoRank.org/population/finland/north-macedonia | CC BY
Over the last 10 years, 26.5% of the population change in Finland is from natural causes (a loss of 85,087 people) and 73.5% is from migration (a gain of 236,216 people). In North Macedonia 11% is from natural causes (a loss of 20,425 people) and 89% is from migration (a loss of 166,025 people).
As of 2024, 514,432 residents or 9.2% of the population were not native-born in Finland, compared to 150,902 people or 8.3% in North Macedonia.
Biggest cities by population
|
|
|
|---|---|
| City | Population |
| Helsinki | 694K |
| Espoo | 326K |
| Tampere | 255K |
| Vantaa | 248K |
| Oulu | 217K |
| Turku | 210K |
| Jyvaskyla | 150K |
| Kuopio | 127K |
| Lahti | 122K |
| Pori | 83K |
|
|
|
|---|---|
| City | Population |
| Skopje | 423K |
| Kumanovo | 70.8K |
| Bitola | 69.3K |
| Prilep | 63.3K |
| Tetovo | 63.2K |
| Stip | 42K |
| Veles | 40.7K |
| Ohrid | 38.8K |
| Strumica | 33.8K |
| Kavadarci | 32K |
Compare countries by 7 more topics
Population differences between Finland and North Macedonia
|
|
|
|
|---|---|---|
| Life expectancy | 82.4 years | 77.8 years |
| Average age | 44.1 years | 41.5 years |
| Median age | 44.2 years | 42 years |
| Male:Female ratio | 49.4:50.6 | 48.7:51.3 |
| Fertility rate | 1.25 births per woman | 1.4 births per woman |
| Population density | 48.1 ppl/mi² | 186 ppl/mi² |
Population map with other countries
Data sources: World Bank | Health (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08); United Nations | World Population Prospects (1960–2026, retrieved 2026-07-08); U.S. Census Bureau (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08); Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) (2000–2019, retrieved 2026-07-08).
GeoRank.org/population/finland/north-macedonia | CC BY
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Data sources:
- World Bank | Health (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08)
- United Nations | World Population Prospects (1960–2100, retrieved 2026-07-08)
- U.S. Census Bureau (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08)
- Wikidata (2026, retrieved 2026-07-08)
- Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) (2000–2019, retrieved 2026-07-08)
Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) — you’re free to copy, share, remix, adapt, and use even commercially as long as you give appropriate credit and clearly indicate if you made changes. Other sources may be subject to different license terms.