The latest officially reported population of Bahrain was 1,600,366 in 2025 vs 1,820,909 people in North Macedonia in 2025. In 2026, based on the adjusted UN estimation, the current Bahrain's population is 1,649,267 people compared to 1,811,466 in North Macedonia.
Population statistics:
- North Macedonia's population is 1.1 times bigger than Bahrain's.
- Bahrain is ranked the 151st most populous country in the world, while North Macedonia is the 150th.
- The countries together account for 0.04% of the world: 0.02% for Bahrain vs 0.02% for North Macedonia.
- For the last 10 years, Bahrain has had an average growth rate of +1.83% per year vs -0.47% in North Macedonia.
- Since 2006, the population of Bahrain has increased from 960K people to 1.65M (71.7% growth), while North Macedonia has declined from 1.99M to 1.81M (9.17% decline).
Bahrain vs North Macedonia: population by year and forecast
| Year | Population | |
|---|---|---|
Bahrain
|
North Macedonia
|
|
| 2100 | 3,031,337 | 869,530 |
| 2099 | 3,011,916 | 880,467 |
| 2098 | 2,992,487 | 891,427 |
| 2097 | 2,973,093 | 902,461 |
| 2096 | 2,953,759 | 913,488 |
| 2095 | 2,934,466 | 924,371 |
| 2094 | 2,915,204 | 935,479 |
| 2093 | 2,896,001 | 946,865 |
| 2092 | 2,876,839 | 958,251 |
| 2091 | 2,857,700 | 969,723 |
| 2090 | 2,838,655 | 981,115 |
| 2089 | 2,819,707 | 992,687 |
| 2088 | 2,800,765 | 1,004,280 |
| 2087 | 2,781,926 | 1,015,922 |
| 2086 | 2,763,133 | 1,027,915 |
| 2085 | 2,744,327 | 1,039,832 |
| 2084 | 2,725,573 | 1,052,077 |
| 2083 | 2,706,819 | 1,064,269 |
| 2082 | 2,688,091 | 1,076,684 |
| 2081 | 2,669,405 | 1,089,137 |
| 2080 | 2,650,761 | 1,101,478 |
| 2079 | 2,632,128 | 1,114,004 |
| 2078 | 2,613,489 | 1,126,827 |
| 2077 | 2,594,847 | 1,139,917 |
| 2076 | 2,576,208 | 1,153,296 |
| 2075 | 2,557,513 | 1,166,630 |
| 2074 | 2,538,752 | 1,180,262 |
| 2073 | 2,519,971 | 1,193,984 |
| 2072 | 2,501,190 | 1,207,689 |
| 2071 | 2,482,346 | 1,221,407 |
| 2070 | 2,463,552 | 1,235,738 |
| 2069 | 2,444,735 | 1,250,212 |
| 2068 | 2,425,908 | 1,264,718 |
| 2067 | 2,407,081 | 1,279,182 |
| 2066 | 2,388,320 | 1,293,374 |
| 2065 | 2,369,644 | 1,307,896 |
| 2064 | 2,351,001 | 1,322,184 |
| 2063 | 2,332,422 | 1,336,875 |
| 2062 | 2,313,935 | 1,351,652 |
| 2061 | 2,295,551 | 1,366,457 |
| 2060 | 2,277,267 | 1,381,009 |
| 2059 | 2,259,033 | 1,395,166 |
| 2058 | 2,240,850 | 1,409,270 |
| 2057 | 2,222,771 | 1,423,516 |
| 2056 | 2,204,739 | 1,437,970 |
| 2055 | 2,186,699 | 1,452,276 |
| 2054 | 2,168,666 | 1,466,673 |
| 2053 | 2,150,594 | 1,480,857 |
| 2052 | 2,132,515 | 1,494,452 |
| 2051 | 2,114,430 | 1,508,115 |
| 2050 | 2,096,281 | 1,521,258 |
| 2049 | 2,078,112 | 1,534,276 |
| 2048 | 2,059,873 | 1,547,097 |
| 2047 | 2,041,553 | 1,559,831 |
| 2046 | 2,023,114 | 1,572,937 |
| 2045 | 2,004,578 | 1,585,940 |
| 2044 | 1,985,907 | 1,598,742 |
| 2043 | 1,967,174 | 1,611,835 |
| 2042 | 1,948,376 | 1,624,885 |
| 2041 | 1,929,535 | 1,637,687 |
| 2040 | 1,910,715 | 1,650,468 |
| 2039 | 1,891,961 | 1,663,094 |
| 2038 | 1,873,245 | 1,675,445 |
| 2037 | 1,854,637 | 1,687,986 |
| 2036 | 1,836,126 | 1,700,377 |
| 2035 | 1,817,753 | 1,712,512 |
| 2034 | 1,799,540 | 1,724,440 |
| 2033 | 1,781,495 | 1,736,005 |
| 2032 | 1,763,602 | 1,747,606 |
| 2031 | 1,745,865 | 1,759,081 |
| 2030 | 1,728,268 | 1,770,549 |
| 2029 | 1,709,742 | 1,781,235 |
| 2028 | 1,688,220 | 1,791,502 |
| 2027 | 1,663,819 | 1,801,426 |
| 2026 | 1,633,899 | 1,811,466 |
| 2025 | 1,600,366 | 1,820,909 |
| 2024 | 1,588,670 | 1,824,359 |
| 2023 | 1,577,059 | 1,827,816 |
| 2022 | 1,524,693 | 1,831,712 |
| 2021 | 1,504,365 | 1,837,114 |
| 2020 | 1,472,204 | 1,856,124 |
| 2019 | 1,483,756 | 1,876,262 |
| 2018 | 1,503,091 | 1,889,051 |
| 2017 | 1,501,116 | 1,898,657 |
| 2016 | 1,423,726 | 1,906,313 |
| 2015 | 1,370,322 | 1,912,430 |
| 2014 | 1,314,562 | 1,917,557 |
| 2013 | 1,253,191 | 1,922,716 |
| 2012 | 1,208,964 | 1,929,821 |
| 2011 | 1,195,020 | 1,937,398 |
| 2010 | 1,228,543 | 1,946,298 |
| 2009 | 1,178,415 | 1,958,782 |
| 2008 | 1,103,496 | 1,971,493 |
| 2007 | 1,039,295 | 1,982,933 |
| 2006 | 960,424 | 1,994,287 |
| 2005 | 888,822 | 2,005,330 |
| 2004 | 823,741 | 2,016,186 |
| 2003 | 764,517 | 2,022,725 |
| 2002 | 710,553 | 2,020,157 |
| 2001 | 661,316 | 2,034,882 |
| 2000 | 637,582 | 2,026,350 |
| 1999 | 620,989 | 2,017,142 |
| 1998 | 604,842 | 2,007,523 |
| 1997 | 589,115 | 1,996,869 |
| 1996 | 573,792 | 2,012,553 |
| 1995 | 558,879 | 1,998,534 |
| 1994 | 544,366 | 1,992,666 |
| 1993 | 530,225 | 2,006,854 |
| 1992 | 516,458 | 2,032,523 |
| 1991 | 503,052 | 2,055,994 |
| 1990 | 514,797 | 2,063,689 |
| 1989 | 497,327 | 2,055,649 |
| 1988 | 479,929 | 2,045,737 |
| 1987 | 462,854 | 2,035,157 |
| 1986 | 446,286 | 2,024,732 |
| 1985 | 430,358 | 2,014,331 |
| 1984 | 415,154 | 2,003,399 |
| 1983 | 400,707 | 1,991,901 |
| 1982 | 386,983 | 1,978,956 |
| 1981 | 373,524 | 1,959,065 |
| 1980 | 358,978 | 1,933,038 |
| 1979 | 343,457 | 1,906,523 |
| 1978 | 328,046 | 1,879,847 |
| 1977 | 312,823 | 1,853,138 |
| 1976 | 297,863 | 1,825,830 |
| 1975 | 283,243 | 1,797,972 |
| 1974 | 269,038 | 1,770,545 |
| 1973 | 255,320 | 1,743,816 |
| 1972 | 242,113 | 1,717,395 |
| 1971 | 230,733 | 1,691,216 |
| 1970 | 224,809 | 1,664,208 |
| 1969 | 222,469 | 1,636,345 |
| 1968 | 219,337 | 1,608,930 |
| 1967 | 214,189 | 1,582,492 |
| 1966 | 207,543 | 1,557,349 |
| 1965 | 200,866 | 1,533,466 |
| 1964 | 193,816 | 1,510,900 |
| 1963 | 186,501 | 1,488,737 |
| 1962 | 179,349 | 1,471,745 |
| 1961 | 172,346 | 1,455,171 |
| 1960 | 165,477 | 1,435,059 |
Data sources: United Nations | World Population Prospects (2026–2100, retrieved 2026-07-08); World Bank | Health (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08).
GeoRank.org/population/bahrain/north-macedonia | CC BY 
From 2006 to 2016, the population of Bahrain increased by 463,302 people (a 48.2% growth), while North Macedonia lost 87,974 people (a 4.41% decline).
For the next 10 years, from 2016 to 2026, Bahrain gained 225,541 people (a 15.8% growth), while North Macedonia's population decreased by 94,847 people (a 4.98% decline).
Bahrain was ranked 157th most populous country in 2006 and is 151st in 2026. North Macedonia was ranked 142nd in 2006 and ranked 150th now.
The UN's World Population Prospects forecasts that in 24 years (in 2050) Bahrain's population will grow by 27.1% to 2,096,281 people with a rank change from 151st to 146th. The population of North Macedonia will decrease by 16% to 1,521,258 people and rank change from 150th to 152nd.
Bahrain is projected to reach its peak in 2100 at 3.03M people, while North Macedonia's population already peaked in 1990 at 2.06M people and is projected to decrease to 870K people by 2100.
Population growth rate by year
| Year | Growth rate | |
|---|---|---|
|
Bahrain
|
North Macedonia
|
|
| 2100 | 0.64% | -1.24% |
| 2099 | 0.65% | -1.23% |
| 2098 | 0.65% | -1.22% |
| 2097 | 0.65% | -1.21% |
| 2096 | 0.66% | -1.18% |
| 2095 | 0.66% | -1.19% |
| 2094 | 0.66% | -1.2% |
| 2093 | 0.67% | -1.19% |
| 2092 | 0.67% | -1.18% |
| 2091 | 0.67% | -1.16% |
| 2090 | 0.67% | -1.17% |
| 2089 | 0.68% | -1.15% |
| 2088 | 0.68% | -1.15% |
| 2087 | 0.68% | -1.17% |
| 2086 | 0.69% | -1.15% |
| 2085 | 0.69% | -1.16% |
| 2084 | 0.69% | -1.15% |
| 2083 | 0.7% | -1.15% |
| 2082 | 0.7% | -1.14% |
| 2081 | 0.7% | -1.12% |
| 2080 | 0.71% | -1.12% |
| 2079 | 0.71% | -1.14% |
| 2078 | 0.72% | -1.15% |
| 2077 | 0.72% | -1.16% |
| 2076 | 0.73% | -1.14% |
| 2075 | 0.74% | -1.15% |
| 2074 | 0.75% | -1.15% |
| 2073 | 0.75% | -1.13% |
| 2072 | 0.76% | -1.12% |
| 2071 | 0.76% | -1.16% |
| 2070 | 0.77% | -1.16% |
| 2069 | 0.78% | -1.15% |
| 2068 | 0.78% | -1.13% |
| 2067 | 0.79% | -1.1% |
| 2066 | 0.79% | -1.11% |
| 2065 | 0.79% | -1.08% |
| 2064 | 0.8% | -1.1% |
| 2063 | 0.8% | -1.09% |
| 2062 | 0.8% | -1.08% |
| 2061 | 0.8% | -1.05% |
| 2060 | 0.81% | -1.01% |
| 2059 | 0.81% | -1% |
| 2058 | 0.81% | -1% |
| 2057 | 0.82% | -1.01% |
| 2056 | 0.82% | -0.99% |
| 2055 | 0.83% | -0.98% |
| 2054 | 0.84% | -0.96% |
| 2053 | 0.85% | -0.91% |
| 2052 | 0.86% | -0.91% |
| 2051 | 0.87% | -0.86% |
| 2050 | 0.87% | -0.85% |
| 2049 | 0.89% | -0.83% |
| 2048 | 0.9% | -0.82% |
| 2047 | 0.91% | -0.83% |
| 2046 | 0.92% | -0.82% |
| 2045 | 0.94% | -0.8% |
| 2044 | 0.95% | -0.81% |
| 2043 | 0.96% | -0.8% |
| 2042 | 0.98% | -0.78% |
| 2041 | 0.98% | -0.77% |
| 2040 | 0.99% | -0.76% |
| 2039 | 1% | -0.74% |
| 2038 | 1% | -0.74% |
| 2037 | 1.01% | -0.73% |
| 2036 | 1.01% | -0.71% |
| 2035 | 1.01% | -0.69% |
| 2034 | 1.01% | -0.67% |
| 2033 | 1.01% | -0.66% |
| 2032 | 1.02% | -0.65% |
| 2031 | 1.02% | -0.65% |
| 2030 | 1.08% | -0.6% |
| 2029 | 1.27% | -0.57% |
| 2028 | 1.47% | -0.55% |
| 2027 | 1.83% | -0.55% |
| 2026 | 2.1% | -0.52% |
| 2025 | 0.74% | -0.19% |
| 2024 | 0.74% | -0.19% |
| 2023 | 3.43% | -0.21% |
| 2022 | 1.35% | -0.29% |
| 2021 | 2.18% | -1.02% |
| 2020 | -0.78% | -1.07% |
| 2019 | -1.29% | -0.68% |
| 2018 | 0.13% | -0.51% |
| 2017 | 5.44% | -0.4% |
| 2016 | 3.9% | -0.32% |
| 2015 | 4.24% | -0.27% |
| 2014 | 4.9% | -0.27% |
| 2013 | 3.66% | -0.37% |
| 2012 | 1.17% | -0.39% |
| 2011 | -2.73% | -0.46% |
| 2010 | 4.25% | -0.64% |
| 2009 | 6.79% | -0.64% |
| 2008 | 6.18% | -0.58% |
| 2007 | 8.21% | -0.57% |
| 2006 | 8.06% | -0.55% |
| 2005 | 7.9% | -0.54% |
| 2004 | 7.75% | -0.32% |
| 2003 | 7.59% | 0.13% |
| 2002 | 7.45% | -0.72% |
| 2001 | 3.72% | 0.42% |
| 2000 | 2.67% | 0.46% |
| 1999 | 2.67% | 0.48% |
| 1998 | 2.67% | 0.53% |
| 1997 | 2.67% | -0.78% |
| 1996 | 2.67% | 0.7% |
| 1995 | 2.67% | 0.29% |
| 1994 | 2.67% | -0.71% |
| 1993 | 2.67% | -1.26% |
| 1992 | 2.66% | -1.14% |
| 1991 | -2.28% | -0.37% |
| 1990 | 3.51% | 0.39% |
| 1989 | 3.63% | 0.48% |
| 1988 | 3.69% | 0.52% |
| 1987 | 3.71% | 0.51% |
| 1986 | 3.7% | 0.52% |
| 1985 | 3.66% | 0.55% |
| 1984 | 3.61% | 0.58% |
| 1983 | 3.55% | 0.65% |
| 1982 | 3.6% | 1.02% |
| 1981 | 4.05% | 1.35% |
| 1980 | 4.52% | 1.39% |
| 1979 | 4.7% | 1.42% |
| 1978 | 4.87% | 1.44% |
| 1977 | 5.02% | 1.5% |
| 1976 | 5.16% | 1.55% |
| 1975 | 5.28% | 1.55% |
| 1974 | 5.37% | 1.53% |
| 1973 | 5.45% | 1.54% |
| 1972 | 4.93% | 1.55% |
| 1971 | 2.64% | 1.62% |
| 1970 | 1.05% | 1.7% |
| 1969 | 1.43% | 1.7% |
| 1968 | 2.4% | 1.67% |
| 1967 | 3.2% | 1.61% |
| 1966 | 3.32% | 1.56% |
| 1965 | 3.64% | 1.49% |
| 1964 | 3.92% | 1.49% |
| 1963 | 3.99% | 1.15% |
| 1962 | 4.06% | 1.14% |
| 1961 | 4.15% | 1.4% |
Data sources: United Nations | World Population Prospects (2026–2100, retrieved 2026-07-08); World Bank | Health (1961–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08).
GeoRank.org/population/bahrain/north-macedonia | CC BY
In 2025, the population of Bahrain grew by 0.74%, while North Macedonia's population declined by 0.19%.
Live population counters
|
Bahrain
|
North Macedonia
|
|
|---|---|---|
| Current population |
1649267
|
1811466
|
| Population rank | 151/197 | 150/197 |
| Percent of world population | 0.02% | 0.02% |
| One net population change |
45.1 minutes
|
2.55 hours
|
| One birth every |
27.5 minutes
|
32.7 minutes
|
| One death every |
2.5 hours
|
26 minutes
|
| Daily growth/decline | +32 | -9 |
| Annual growth/decline | +11,696 | -3,450 |
| Annual growth/decline rate | +0.74% | -0.19% |
| Population growth rate rank | 115/197 | 176/197 |
| One migration net change every |
29.1 minutes
|
1.56 hours
|
| Annual migration change | +18,128 | -5,645 |
| Net migration rank | 34/196 | 119/196 |
| Foreign-born residents | 840,202 | 150,902 |
| Foreign-born residents rank | 66/195 | 122/195 |
| Foreign-born share of population | 52.3% | 8.3% |
| Foreign-born share rank | 7/195 | 73/195 |
Natural population change vs migration
| Year | Population change | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Bahrain
|
North Macedonia
|
|||
| Natural | Migration | Natural | Migration | |
| 2025 | - | 18,128 | - | -5,645 |
| 2024 | 15,606 | 22,699 | -4,196 | -5,728 |
| 2023 | 16,356 | 20,002 | -3,290 | -5,597 |
| 2022 | 17,058 | 18,975 | -4,397 | -5,296 |
| 2021 | 15,401 | 11,882 | -9,737 | -5,483 |
| 2020 | 15,056 | -5,048 | -5,939 | -23,458 |
| 2019 | 16,639 | -31,967 | -375 | -24,204 |
| 2018 | 17,445 | -25,978 | 1,512 | -24,878 |
| 2017 | 18,140 | 21,958 | 1,329 | -24,227 |
| 2016 | 17,996 | 46,833 | 2,374 | -24,144 |
| 2015 | 18,193 | 36,809 | 2,294 | -23,010 |
| 2014 | 17,826 | 40,815 | 3,644 | -22,132 |
| 2013 | 17,044 | 35,574 | 3,653 | -20,297 |
| 2012 | 16,219 | 12,801 | 3,087 | -19,083 |
| 2011 | 15,990 | -26,107 | 3,100 | -17,871 |
| 2010 | 16,474 | -19,329 | 4,866 | -16,668 |
| 2009 | 15,795 | 46,467 | 4,309 | -15,455 |
| 2008 | 15,541 | 47,674 | 3,746 | -17,645 |
| 2007 | 15,393 | 47,500 | 2,974 | -15,705 |
| 2006 | 15,248 | 46,615 | 3,988 | -9,632 |
| 2005 | 15,196 | 45,682 | 4,011 | -2,244 |
| 2004 | 14,454 | 45,413 | 5,444 | -2,640 |
| 2003 | 13,243 | 45,571 | 8,900 | -2,880 |
| 2002 | 11,875 | 45,952 | 9,697 | -2,858 |
| 2001 | 10,948 | 34,371 | 10,174 | -922 |
| 2000 | 11,339 | 2,886 | 12,159 | -2,824 |
| 1999 | 11,397 | 3,130 | 10,489 | -1,261 |
| 1998 | 10,970 | 3,733 | 12,446 | -589 |
| 1997 | 10,739 | 4,036 | 12,979 | -477 |
| 1996 | 10,607 | 4,162 | 14,806 | -397 |
| 1995 | 10,824 | 3,842 | 17,239 | -3,603 |
| 1994 | 11,133 | 3,387 | 19,103 | -21,006 |
| 1993 | 11,521 | 2,850 | 20,797 | -47,273 |
| 1992 | 11,577 | 2,768 | 21,659 | -46,509 |
| 1991 | 11,491 | 4,562 | 23,387 | -45,484 |
| 1990 | 12,337 | 5,090 | 22,868 | -16,174 |
| 1989 | 12,293 | 5,220 | 22,912 | -13,528 |
| 1988 | 11,995 | 5,294 | 24,064 | -13,621 |
| 1987 | 11,709 | 5,152 | 24,359 | -13,635 |
| 1986 | 11,455 | 4,822 | 23,720 | -13,589 |
| 1985 | 10,924 | 4,657 | 24,167 | -13,492 |
| 1984 | 10,269 | 4,557 | 24,436 | -13,251 |
| 1983 | 9,821 | 4,252 | 24,690 | -12,884 |
| 1982 | 9,396 | 3,980 | 25,810 | -11,716 |
| 1981 | 9,020 | 4,523 | 25,689 | 0 |
| 1980 | 8,802 | 6,741 | 26,547 | -189 |
| 1979 | 8,587 | 6,908 | 27,096 | -426 |
| 1978 | 8,358 | 6,974 | 27,150 | -462 |
| 1977 | 8,093 | 7,017 | 27,410 | -683 |
| 1976 | 7,818 | 6,993 | 28,799 | -911 |
| 1975 | 7,535 | 6,900 | 28,983 | -1,147 |
| 1974 | 7,265 | 6,711 | 28,400 | -1,376 |
| 1973 | 7,012 | 6,450 | 28,032 | -1,600 |
| 1972 | 6,763 | 6,190 | 28,236 | -1,834 |
| 1971 | 6,650 | 3,159 | 28,010 | -2,064 |
| 1970 | 6,973 | -4,939 | 28,022 | 60 |
| 1969 | 7,277 | -4,638 | 27,464 | 181 |
| 1968 | 7,584 | -3,952 | 28,378 | -1,201 |
| 1967 | 7,492 | -829 | 28,401 | -2,696 |
| 1966 | 7,342 | -718 | 28,766 | -4,176 |
| 1965 | 7,148 | -415 | 28,564 | -5,385 |
| 1964 | 6,873 | 491 | 27,889 | -5,938 |
| 1963 | 6,557 | 714 | 28,124 | -5,759 |
| 1962 | 6,232 | 810 | 25,317 | -13,702 |
| 1961 | 5,882 | 1,076 | 27,846 | -6,309 |
| 1960 | 5,513 | 1,266 | 28,816 | -10,126 |
Data sources: World Bank | Health (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08).
GeoRank.org/population/bahrain/north-macedonia | CC BY
Over the last 10 years, 59.1% of the population change in Bahrain is from natural causes (a gain of 167,890 people) and 40.9% is from migration (a gain of 116,165 people). In North Macedonia 11% is from natural causes (a loss of 20,425 people) and 89% is from migration (a loss of 166,025 people).
As of 2024, 840,202 residents or 52.3% of the population were not native-born in Bahrain, compared to 150,902 people or 8.3% in North Macedonia.
Biggest cities by population
|
Bahrain
|
|
|---|---|
| City | Population |
| Manama | 298K |
| Riffa | 115K |
| Isa Town | 61.3K |
|
North Macedonia
|
|
|---|---|
| City | Population |
| Skopje | 423K |
| Kumanovo | 70.8K |
| Bitola | 69.3K |
| Prilep | 63.3K |
| Tetovo | 63.2K |
| Stip | 42K |
| Veles | 40.7K |
| Ohrid | 38.8K |
| Strumica | 33.8K |
| Kavadarci | 32K |
Compare countries by 7 more topics
Population differences between Bahrain and North Macedonia
|
Bahrain
|
North Macedonia
|
|
|---|---|---|
| Life expectancy | 81.7 years | 77.8 years |
| Average age | 33.4 years | 41.5 years |
| Median age | 34.3 years | 42 years |
| Male:Female ratio | 62:38 | 48.7:51.3 |
| Fertility rate | 1.81 births per woman | 1.4 births per woman |
| Population density | 5,290 ppl/mi² | 186 ppl/mi² |
Population map with other countries
Data sources: World Bank | Health (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08); United Nations | World Population Prospects (1960–2026, retrieved 2026-07-08); U.S. Census Bureau (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08); Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) (2000–2019, retrieved 2026-07-08).
GeoRank.org/population/bahrain/north-macedonia | CC BY
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Data sources:
- World Bank | Health (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08)
- United Nations | World Population Prospects (1960–2100, retrieved 2026-07-08)
- U.S. Census Bureau (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08)
- Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) (2000–2019, retrieved 2026-07-08)
- Wikidata (2026, retrieved 2026-07-08)
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