The latest officially reported population of Ecuador was 18,135,478 in 2024 vs 10,576,502 people in Papua New Guinea in 2024. In 2026, based on the adjusted UN estimation, the current Ecuador's population is 18,487,749 people compared to 11,002,753 in Papua New Guinea.
Population statistics:
- Ecuador's population is 1.68 times bigger than Papua New Guinea's.
- Ecuador is ranked the 71st most populous country in the world, while Papua New Guinea is the 89th.
- The countries together account for 0.36% of the world: 0.22% for Ecuador vs 0.13% for Papua New Guinea.
- For the last 10 years, Ecuador has had an average growth rate of +1.26% per year vs +2.23% in Papua New Guinea.
- Since 2006, the population of Ecuador has increased from 14.1M people to 18.5M (31.2% growth), while Papua New Guinea has grown from 6.75M to 11M (63.1% growth).
Ecuador vs Papua New Guinea: population by year and forecast
| Year | Population | |
|---|---|---|
|
|
|
|
| 2100 | 19,229,713 | 18,802,138 |
| 2099 | 19,341,033 | 18,790,040 |
| 2098 | 19,451,634 | 18,776,265 |
| 2097 | 19,561,648 | 18,758,897 |
| 2096 | 19,670,931 | 18,737,707 |
| 2095 | 19,779,419 | 18,714,219 |
| 2094 | 19,887,014 | 18,687,257 |
| 2093 | 19,993,637 | 18,658,233 |
| 2092 | 20,099,245 | 18,625,772 |
| 2091 | 20,203,483 | 18,590,001 |
| 2090 | 20,306,051 | 18,549,501 |
| 2089 | 20,406,878 | 18,510,463 |
| 2088 | 20,505,637 | 18,468,827 |
| 2087 | 20,602,336 | 18,424,378 |
| 2086 | 20,696,910 | 18,376,043 |
| 2085 | 20,788,583 | 18,325,641 |
| 2084 | 20,877,503 | 18,274,394 |
| 2083 | 20,963,515 | 18,218,709 |
| 2082 | 21,046,396 | 18,163,177 |
| 2081 | 21,126,142 | 18,104,285 |
| 2080 | 21,202,360 | 18,039,008 |
| 2079 | 21,275,051 | 17,975,778 |
| 2078 | 21,343,714 | 17,908,670 |
| 2077 | 21,408,164 | 17,840,781 |
| 2076 | 21,468,178 | 17,771,791 |
| 2075 | 21,523,680 | 17,699,428 |
| 2074 | 21,575,092 | 17,625,044 |
| 2073 | 21,621,989 | 17,548,128 |
| 2072 | 21,664,137 | 17,466,649 |
| 2071 | 21,701,599 | 17,381,598 |
| 2070 | 21,734,495 | 17,295,105 |
| 2069 | 21,762,453 | 17,205,503 |
| 2068 | 21,785,682 | 17,112,154 |
| 2067 | 21,804,316 | 17,015,090 |
| 2066 | 21,818,306 | 16,915,436 |
| 2065 | 21,828,156 | 16,812,946 |
| 2064 | 21,833,185 | 16,708,669 |
| 2063 | 21,833,449 | 16,604,296 |
| 2062 | 21,828,963 | 16,497,292 |
| 2061 | 21,819,781 | 16,386,905 |
| 2060 | 21,805,954 | 16,270,535 |
| 2059 | 21,787,357 | 16,152,614 |
| 2058 | 21,764,005 | 16,032,684 |
| 2057 | 21,735,561 | 15,909,649 |
| 2056 | 21,702,294 | 15,784,519 |
| 2055 | 21,664,097 | 15,656,542 |
| 2054 | 21,620,873 | 15,523,143 |
| 2053 | 21,572,669 | 15,389,244 |
| 2052 | 21,519,295 | 15,250,715 |
| 2051 | 21,460,703 | 15,110,389 |
| 2050 | 21,396,494 | 14,968,530 |
| 2049 | 21,326,969 | 14,821,865 |
| 2048 | 21,251,792 | 14,673,459 |
| 2047 | 21,171,429 | 14,522,926 |
| 2046 | 21,085,795 | 14,370,120 |
| 2045 | 20,994,872 | 14,213,585 |
| 2044 | 20,898,682 | 14,056,036 |
| 2043 | 20,797,349 | 13,897,765 |
| 2042 | 20,691,071 | 13,738,690 |
| 2041 | 20,579,788 | 13,577,382 |
| 2040 | 20,463,641 | 13,413,396 |
| 2039 | 20,342,868 | 13,247,486 |
| 2038 | 20,217,211 | 13,079,352 |
| 2037 | 20,087,384 | 12,909,735 |
| 2036 | 19,953,661 | 12,738,223 |
| 2035 | 19,816,154 | 12,566,543 |
| 2034 | 19,674,920 | 12,392,476 |
| 2033 | 19,529,719 | 12,218,246 |
| 2032 | 19,381,178 | 12,042,345 |
| 2031 | 19,229,060 | 11,865,316 |
| 2030 | 19,073,682 | 11,685,599 |
| 2029 | 18,916,480 | 11,504,890 |
| 2028 | 18,758,598 | 11,322,573 |
| 2027 | 18,601,326 | 11,138,409 |
| 2026 | 18,445,637 | 10,952,454 |
| 2025 | 18,290,781 | 10,765,048 |
| 2024 | 18,135,478 | 10,576,502 |
| 2023 | 17,980,083 | 10,389,635 |
| 2022 | 17,823,897 | 10,203,169 |
| 2021 | 17,682,454 | 10,012,896 |
| 2020 | 17,546,065 | 9,815,746 |
| 2019 | 17,340,021 | 9,609,010 |
| 2018 | 17,049,547 | 9,394,513 |
| 2017 | 16,759,519 | 9,178,714 |
| 2016 | 16,505,139 | 8,961,718 |
| 2015 | 16,266,225 | 8,743,246 |
| 2014 | 16,035,124 | 8,523,441 |
| 2013 | 15,807,128 | 8,302,698 |
| 2012 | 15,572,194 | 8,081,390 |
| 2011 | 15,326,227 | 7,859,346 |
| 2010 | 15,076,695 | 7,633,523 |
| 2009 | 14,825,954 | 7,406,438 |
| 2008 | 14,575,202 | 7,183,002 |
| 2007 | 14,328,773 | 6,963,345 |
| 2006 | 14,086,131 | 6,747,720 |
| 2005 | 13,846,163 | 6,535,905 |
| 2004 | 13,608,701 | 6,328,041 |
| 2003 | 13,372,306 | 6,123,997 |
| 2002 | 13,138,472 | 5,924,003 |
| 2001 | 12,910,740 | 5,728,435 |
| 2000 | 12,689,206 | 5,537,064 |
| 1999 | 12,470,795 | 5,349,333 |
| 1998 | 12,251,184 | 5,166,390 |
| 1997 | 12,031,127 | 4,987,883 |
| 1996 | 11,810,950 | 4,813,361 |
| 1995 | 11,590,514 | 4,644,278 |
| 1994 | 11,372,197 | 4,480,208 |
| 1993 | 11,154,274 | 4,320,872 |
| 1992 | 10,930,128 | 4,166,699 |
| 1991 | 10,702,380 | 4,021,837 |
| 1990 | 10,473,673 | 3,896,481 |
| 1989 | 10,241,852 | 3,796,078 |
| 1988 | 10,010,808 | 3,711,880 |
| 1987 | 9,779,290 | 3,632,543 |
| 1986 | 9,545,998 | 3,554,793 |
| 1985 | 9,311,154 | 3,478,936 |
| 1984 | 9,074,782 | 3,405,198 |
| 1983 | 8,840,417 | 3,333,633 |
| 1982 | 8,611,298 | 3,264,291 |
| 1981 | 8,386,910 | 3,197,019 |
| 1980 | 8,165,877 | 3,131,512 |
| 1979 | 7,948,869 | 3,067,341 |
| 1978 | 7,736,167 | 3,003,714 |
| 1977 | 7,526,819 | 2,940,327 |
| 1976 | 7,320,912 | 2,877,327 |
| 1975 | 7,118,251 | 2,814,820 |
| 1974 | 6,918,573 | 2,752,671 |
| 1973 | 6,722,033 | 2,690,629 |
| 1972 | 6,529,034 | 2,628,432 |
| 1971 | 6,340,052 | 2,566,421 |
| 1970 | 6,155,387 | 2,505,628 |
| 1969 | 5,975,236 | 2,446,927 |
| 1968 | 5,799,680 | 2,390,803 |
| 1967 | 5,629,057 | 2,337,532 |
| 1966 | 5,463,748 | 2,285,774 |
| 1965 | 5,303,963 | 2,235,820 |
| 1964 | 5,149,918 | 2,188,325 |
| 1963 | 5,001,716 | 2,141,376 |
| 1962 | 4,859,269 | 2,093,919 |
| 1961 | 4,722,331 | 2,046,127 |
| 1960 | 4,590,891 | 1,995,110 |
Data sources: United Nations | World Population Prospects (2025–2100, retrieved 2026-03-10); World Bank | Health (1960–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06).
GeoRank.org/population/ecuador/papua-new-guinea | CC BY
From 2006 to 2016, the population of Ecuador increased by 2,419,008 people (a 17.2% growth), while Papua New Guinea gained 2,213,998 people (a 32.8% growth).
For the next 10 years, from 2016 to 2026, Ecuador gained 1,982,610 people (a 12% growth), while Papua New Guinea's population increased by 2,041,035 people (a 22.8% growth).
Ecuador was ranked 65th most populous country in 2006 and is 71st in 2026. Papua New Guinea was ranked 100th in 2006 and ranked 89th now.
The UN's World Population Prospects forecasts that in 24 years (in 2050) Ecuador's population will grow by 15.7% to 21,396,494 people with a rank change from 71st to 74th. The population of Papua New Guinea will increase by 36% to 14,968,530 people and rank change from 89th to 85th.
Ecuador is projected to reach its peak in 2063 at 21.8M people compared to the peak of 18.8M people in 2100 for Papua New Guinea.
Population growth rate by year
| Year | Growth rate | |
|---|---|---|
|
|
|
|
| 2100 | -0.58% | 0.06% |
| 2099 | -0.57% | 0.07% |
| 2098 | -0.56% | 0.09% |
| 2097 | -0.56% | 0.11% |
| 2096 | -0.55% | 0.13% |
| 2095 | -0.54% | 0.14% |
| 2094 | -0.53% | 0.16% |
| 2093 | -0.53% | 0.17% |
| 2092 | -0.52% | 0.19% |
| 2091 | -0.51% | 0.22% |
| 2090 | -0.49% | 0.21% |
| 2089 | -0.48% | 0.23% |
| 2088 | -0.47% | 0.24% |
| 2087 | -0.46% | 0.26% |
| 2086 | -0.44% | 0.28% |
| 2085 | -0.43% | 0.28% |
| 2084 | -0.41% | 0.31% |
| 2083 | -0.39% | 0.31% |
| 2082 | -0.38% | 0.33% |
| 2081 | -0.36% | 0.36% |
| 2080 | -0.34% | 0.35% |
| 2079 | -0.32% | 0.37% |
| 2078 | -0.3% | 0.38% |
| 2077 | -0.28% | 0.39% |
| 2076 | -0.26% | 0.41% |
| 2075 | -0.24% | 0.42% |
| 2074 | -0.22% | 0.44% |
| 2073 | -0.19% | 0.47% |
| 2072 | -0.17% | 0.49% |
| 2071 | -0.15% | 0.5% |
| 2070 | -0.13% | 0.52% |
| 2069 | -0.11% | 0.55% |
| 2068 | -0.09% | 0.57% |
| 2067 | -0.06% | 0.59% |
| 2066 | -0.05% | 0.61% |
| 2065 | -0.02% | 0.62% |
| 2064 | -0.001% | 0.63% |
| 2063 | 0.02% | 0.65% |
| 2062 | 0.04% | 0.67% |
| 2061 | 0.06% | 0.72% |
| 2060 | 0.09% | 0.73% |
| 2059 | 0.11% | 0.75% |
| 2058 | 0.13% | 0.77% |
| 2057 | 0.15% | 0.79% |
| 2056 | 0.18% | 0.82% |
| 2055 | 0.2% | 0.86% |
| 2054 | 0.22% | 0.87% |
| 2053 | 0.25% | 0.91% |
| 2052 | 0.27% | 0.93% |
| 2051 | 0.3% | 0.95% |
| 2050 | 0.33% | 0.99% |
| 2049 | 0.35% | 1.01% |
| 2048 | 0.38% | 1.04% |
| 2047 | 0.41% | 1.06% |
| 2046 | 0.43% | 1.1% |
| 2045 | 0.46% | 1.12% |
| 2044 | 0.49% | 1.14% |
| 2043 | 0.51% | 1.16% |
| 2042 | 0.54% | 1.19% |
| 2041 | 0.57% | 1.22% |
| 2040 | 0.59% | 1.25% |
| 2039 | 0.62% | 1.29% |
| 2038 | 0.65% | 1.31% |
| 2037 | 0.67% | 1.35% |
| 2036 | 0.69% | 1.37% |
| 2035 | 0.72% | 1.4% |
| 2034 | 0.74% | 1.43% |
| 2033 | 0.77% | 1.46% |
| 2032 | 0.79% | 1.49% |
| 2031 | 0.81% | 1.54% |
| 2030 | 0.83% | 1.57% |
| 2029 | 0.84% | 1.61% |
| 2028 | 0.85% | 1.65% |
| 2027 | 0.84% | 1.7% |
| 2026 | 0.85% | 1.74% |
| 2025 | 0.86% | 1.78% |
| 2024 | 0.86% | 1.8% |
| 2023 | 0.88% | 1.83% |
| 2022 | 0.8% | 1.9% |
| 2021 | 0.78% | 2.01% |
| 2020 | 1.19% | 2.15% |
| 2019 | 1.7% | 2.28% |
| 2018 | 1.73% | 2.35% |
| 2017 | 1.54% | 2.42% |
| 2016 | 1.47% | 2.5% |
| 2015 | 1.44% | 2.58% |
| 2014 | 1.44% | 2.66% |
| 2013 | 1.51% | 2.74% |
| 2012 | 1.6% | 2.83% |
| 2011 | 1.66% | 2.96% |
| 2010 | 1.69% | 3.07% |
| 2009 | 1.72% | 3.11% |
| 2008 | 1.72% | 3.15% |
| 2007 | 1.72% | 3.2% |
| 2006 | 1.73% | 3.24% |
| 2005 | 1.74% | 3.28% |
| 2004 | 1.77% | 3.33% |
| 2003 | 1.78% | 3.38% |
| 2002 | 1.76% | 3.41% |
| 2001 | 1.75% | 3.46% |
| 2000 | 1.75% | 3.51% |
| 1999 | 1.79% | 3.54% |
| 1998 | 1.83% | 3.58% |
| 1997 | 1.86% | 3.63% |
| 1996 | 1.9% | 3.64% |
| 1995 | 1.92% | 3.66% |
| 1994 | 1.95% | 3.69% |
| 1993 | 2.05% | 3.7% |
| 1992 | 2.13% | 3.6% |
| 1991 | 2.18% | 3.22% |
| 1990 | 2.26% | 2.64% |
| 1989 | 2.31% | 2.27% |
| 1988 | 2.37% | 2.18% |
| 1987 | 2.44% | 2.19% |
| 1986 | 2.52% | 2.18% |
| 1985 | 2.6% | 2.17% |
| 1984 | 2.65% | 2.15% |
| 1983 | 2.66% | 2.12% |
| 1982 | 2.68% | 2.1% |
| 1981 | 2.71% | 2.09% |
| 1980 | 2.73% | 2.09% |
| 1979 | 2.75% | 2.12% |
| 1978 | 2.78% | 2.16% |
| 1977 | 2.81% | 2.19% |
| 1976 | 2.85% | 2.22% |
| 1975 | 2.89% | 2.26% |
| 1974 | 2.92% | 2.31% |
| 1973 | 2.96% | 2.37% |
| 1972 | 2.98% | 2.42% |
| 1971 | 3% | 2.43% |
| 1970 | 3.01% | 2.4% |
| 1969 | 3.03% | 2.35% |
| 1968 | 3.03% | 2.28% |
| 1967 | 3.03% | 2.26% |
| 1966 | 3.01% | 2.23% |
| 1965 | 2.99% | 2.17% |
| 1964 | 2.96% | 2.19% |
| 1963 | 2.93% | 2.27% |
| 1962 | 2.9% | 2.34% |
| 1961 | 2.86% | 2.56% |
Data sources: United Nations | World Population Prospects (2025–2100, retrieved 2026-03-10); World Bank | Health (1961–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06).
GeoRank.org/population/ecuador/papua-new-guinea | CC BY
In 2024, the population of Ecuador grew by 0.86%, while Papua New Guinea's population grew by 1.8%.
Live population counters
|
|
|
|
|---|---|---|
| Current population |
18487749
|
11002753
|
| Population rank | 71/197 | 89/197 |
| Percent of world population | 0.22% | 0.13% |
| One net population change |
3.38 minutes
|
2.81 minutes
|
| One birth every |
1.94 minutes
|
2.06 minutes
|
| One death every |
5.7 minutes
|
7.76 minutes
|
| Daily growth/decline | +426 | +512 |
| Annual growth/decline | +155,395 | +186,867 |
| Annual growth/decline rate | +0.86% | +1.8% |
| Population growth rate rank | 109/197 | 59/197 |
| One migration net change every |
30.6 minutes
|
1.29 days
|
| Annual migration change | -17,219 | -284 |
| Net migration rank | 151/196 | 87/196 |
| Foreign-born residents | 747,749 | 31,171 |
| Foreign-born residents rank | 67/195 | 163/195 |
| Foreign-born share of population | 4.1% | 0.3% |
| Foreign-born share rank | 104/195 | 183/195 |
Natural population change vs migration
| Year | Population change | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
|
|
|||
| Natural | Migration | Natural | Migration | |
| 2025 | - | -17,219 | - | -284 |
| 2024 | - | -19,704 | - | -707 |
| 2023 | 178,093 | -21,948 | 187,637 | -787 |
| 2022 | 179,308 | -23,090 | 186,861 | -787 |
| 2021 | 155,146 | -28,503 | 183,766 | 10,703 |
| 2020 | 156,458 | -10,320 | 189,130 | 10,703 |
| 2019 | 211,045 | 54,921 | 190,662 | 22,978 |
| 2018 | 219,513 | 95,482 | 190,662 | 24,684 |
| 2017 | 211,355 | 53,707 | 189,715 | 26,513 |
| 2016 | 208,245 | 35,461 | 189,281 | 28,473 |
| 2015 | 219,399 | 14,724 | 188,600 | 30,580 |
| 2014 | 225,790 | 2,273 | 187,592 | 32,840 |
| 2013 | 234,103 | -6,182 | 185,790 | 35,280 |
| 2012 | 249,825 | -7,883 | 183,658 | 37,893 |
| 2011 | 258,171 | -8,167 | 181,842 | 40,690 |
| 2010 | 257,404 | -8,330 | 178,998 | 50,106 |
| 2009 | 260,892 | -8,491 | 175,421 | 49,647 |
| 2008 | 257,894 | -8,799 | 172,823 | 48,985 |
| 2007 | 253,419 | -9,644 | 169,306 | 48,203 |
| 2006 | 254,184 | -12,679 | 166,540 | 47,191 |
| 2005 | 255,295 | -16,855 | 163,888 | 46,014 |
| 2004 | 257,436 | -20,940 | 161,023 | 44,811 |
| 2003 | 258,928 | -22,641 | 158,611 | 43,639 |
| 2002 | 259,446 | -28,090 | 155,091 | 42,657 |
| 2001 | 259,376 | -35,275 | 151,431 | 41,962 |
| 2000 | 259,837 | -40,859 | 147,496 | 41,855 |
| 1999 | 261,650 | -43,813 | 143,592 | 42,519 |
| 1998 | 263,927 | -42,550 | 136,677 | 43,091 |
| 1997 | 266,020 | -47,287 | 134,458 | 42,787 |
| 1996 | 267,695 | -46,082 | 129,802 | 41,994 |
| 1995 | 264,449 | -45,201 | 125,410 | 40,962 |
| 1994 | 261,788 | -44,399 | 122,113 | 39,669 |
| 1993 | 260,330 | -41,867 | 118,668 | 38,220 |
| 1992 | 259,787 | -29,958 | 114,818 | 36,622 |
| 1991 | 257,713 | -32,064 | 111,453 | 26,830 |
| 1990 | 252,919 | -21,164 | 110,033 | 2,398 |
| 1989 | 248,129 | -16,240 | 108,199 | -19,824 |
| 1988 | 241,191 | -10,977 | 106,256 | -26,232 |
| 1987 | 237,724 | -4,886 | 104,367 | -25,720 |
| 1986 | 237,084 | -3,345 | 102,346 | -25,495 |
| 1985 | 236,438 | -494 | 100,333 | -25,470 |
| 1984 | 236,543 | 249 | 98,103 | -25,487 |
| 1983 | 231,336 | 578 | 95,982 | -25,465 |
| 1982 | 227,606 | -1,282 | 93,522 | -25,355 |
| 1981 | 224,073 | -1,605 | 91,767 | -25,383 |
| 1980 | 220,120 | -517 | 90,266 | -25,638 |
| 1979 | 216,162 | -1,749 | 89,330 | -25,618 |
| 1978 | 212,497 | -1,518 | 88,747 | -25,208 |
| 1977 | 209,095 | -1,377 | 87,954 | -24,722 |
| 1976 | 205,366 | -1,264 | 86,965 | -24,198 |
| 1975 | 202,407 | -1,189 | 85,809 | -23,562 |
| 1974 | 199,276 | -1,133 | 84,829 | -22,771 |
| 1973 | 196,028 | -1,090 | 83,821 | -21,803 |
| 1972 | 192,136 | -1,078 | 82,672 | -20,303 |
| 1971 | 187,995 | -1,096 | 80,599 | -18,945 |
| 1970 | 183,517 | -1,091 | 78,712 | -18,773 |
| 1969 | 178,403 | -518 | 76,454 | -18,994 |
| 1968 | 173,828 | -582 | 73,983 | -19,188 |
| 1967 | 168,629 | -623 | 71,519 | -19,767 |
| 1966 | 163,317 | -710 | 69,206 | -17,454 |
| 1965 | 157,915 | -957 | 66,693 | -18,532 |
| 1964 | 152,263 | -1,130 | 64,558 | -17,730 |
| 1963 | 146,531 | -1,254 | 62,260 | -15,189 |
| 1962 | 140,943 | -1,315 | 59,974 | -12,141 |
| 1961 | 135,573 | -1,317 | 58,151 | -10,409 |
| 1960 | 130,368 | -1,746 | 56,326 | -2,034 |
Data sources: World Bank | Health (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-04-06).
GeoRank.org/population/ecuador/papua-new-guinea | CC BY
Over the last 10 years, 91.9% of the population change in Ecuador is from natural causes (a gain of 1,964,352 people) and 8.08% is from migration (a gain of 172,707 people). In Papua New Guinea 91% is from natural causes (a gain of 1,883,906 people) and 8.98% is from migration (a gain of 185,900 people).
As of 2024, 747,749 residents or 4.1% of the population were not native-born in Ecuador, compared to 31,171 people or 0.3% in Papua New Guinea.
Biggest cities by population
|
|
|
|---|---|
| City | Population |
| Guayaquil | 2.65M |
| Quito | 1.76M |
| Cuenca | 362K |
| Santo Domingo | 335K |
| Duran | 295K |
| Machala | 288K |
| Manta | 259K |
| Portoviejo | 244K |
| Loja | 203K |
| Quevedo | 178K |
|
|
|
|---|---|
| City | Population |
| Port Moresby | 317K |
| Lae | 101K |
Compare countries by 7 more topics
Population differences between Ecuador and Papua New Guinea
|
|
|
|
|---|---|---|
| Life expectancy | 77.9 years | 66.5 years |
| Average age | 32.4 years | 26.7 years |
| Median age | 29.8 years | 23.6 years |
| Male:Female ratio | 49.9:50.1 | 51.4:48.6 |
| Fertility rate | 1.82 births per woman | 3.1 births per woman |
| Population density | 192.4 ppl/mi² | 62.6 ppl/mi² |
Population map with other countries
Data sources: World Bank | Health (1960–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06); United Nations | World Population Prospects (1960–2026, retrieved 2026-03-10); U.S. Census Bureau (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-02-08); Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) (2000–2019, retrieved 2026-02-20).
GeoRank.org/population/ecuador/papua-new-guinea | CC BY
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Data sources:
- World Bank | Health (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-04-06)
- United Nations | World Population Prospects (1960–2100, retrieved 2026-03-10)
- U.S. Census Bureau (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-02-08)
- Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) (2000–2019, retrieved 2026-02-20)
- Wikidata (2026, retrieved 2026-02-08)
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