The latest officially reported population of Cyprus was 1,358,282 in 2024 vs 10,576,502 people in Papua New Guinea in 2024. In 2026, based on the adjusted UN estimation, the current Cyprus' population is 1,386,362 people compared to 11,002,753 in Papua New Guinea.
Population statistics:
- Papua New Guinea's population is 7.94 times bigger than Cyprus'.
- Cyprus is ranked the 153rd most populous country in the world, while Papua New Guinea is the 89th.
- The countries together account for 0.15% of the world: 0.02% for Cyprus vs 0.13% for Papua New Guinea.
- For the last 10 years, Cyprus has had an average growth rate of +1.26% per year vs +2.23% in Papua New Guinea.
- Since 2006, the population of Cyprus has increased from 1.05M people to 1.39M (31.5% growth), while Papua New Guinea has grown from 6.75M to 11M (63.1% growth).
Cyprus vs Papua New Guinea: population by year and forecast
| Year | Population | |
|---|---|---|
|
|
|
|
| 2100 | 1,283,630 | 18,802,138 |
| 2099 | 1,288,020 | 18,790,040 |
| 2098 | 1,292,508 | 18,776,265 |
| 2097 | 1,296,742 | 18,758,897 |
| 2096 | 1,301,023 | 18,737,707 |
| 2095 | 1,305,479 | 18,714,219 |
| 2094 | 1,309,718 | 18,687,257 |
| 2093 | 1,313,969 | 18,658,233 |
| 2092 | 1,318,737 | 18,625,772 |
| 2091 | 1,323,639 | 18,590,001 |
| 2090 | 1,328,837 | 18,549,501 |
| 2089 | 1,334,392 | 18,510,463 |
| 2088 | 1,340,131 | 18,468,827 |
| 2087 | 1,346,159 | 18,424,378 |
| 2086 | 1,352,854 | 18,376,043 |
| 2085 | 1,359,724 | 18,325,641 |
| 2084 | 1,366,740 | 18,274,394 |
| 2083 | 1,373,868 | 18,218,709 |
| 2082 | 1,381,157 | 18,163,177 |
| 2081 | 1,388,924 | 18,104,285 |
| 2080 | 1,396,828 | 18,039,008 |
| 2079 | 1,404,677 | 17,975,778 |
| 2078 | 1,412,505 | 17,908,670 |
| 2077 | 1,420,434 | 17,840,781 |
| 2076 | 1,428,032 | 17,771,791 |
| 2075 | 1,435,762 | 17,699,428 |
| 2074 | 1,443,463 | 17,625,044 |
| 2073 | 1,450,943 | 17,548,128 |
| 2072 | 1,458,241 | 17,466,649 |
| 2071 | 1,464,781 | 17,381,598 |
| 2070 | 1,471,110 | 17,295,105 |
| 2069 | 1,477,182 | 17,205,503 |
| 2068 | 1,483,033 | 17,112,154 |
| 2067 | 1,488,356 | 17,015,090 |
| 2066 | 1,492,983 | 16,915,436 |
| 2065 | 1,497,204 | 16,812,946 |
| 2064 | 1,501,025 | 16,708,669 |
| 2063 | 1,504,504 | 16,604,296 |
| 2062 | 1,507,711 | 16,497,292 |
| 2061 | 1,509,940 | 16,386,905 |
| 2060 | 1,511,787 | 16,270,535 |
| 2059 | 1,513,161 | 16,152,614 |
| 2058 | 1,514,533 | 16,032,684 |
| 2057 | 1,515,475 | 15,909,649 |
| 2056 | 1,515,978 | 15,784,519 |
| 2055 | 1,516,427 | 15,656,542 |
| 2054 | 1,516,816 | 15,523,143 |
| 2053 | 1,517,078 | 15,389,244 |
| 2052 | 1,517,120 | 15,250,715 |
| 2051 | 1,516,244 | 15,110,389 |
| 2050 | 1,515,102 | 14,968,530 |
| 2049 | 1,513,890 | 14,821,865 |
| 2048 | 1,512,298 | 14,673,459 |
| 2047 | 1,510,494 | 14,522,926 |
| 2046 | 1,508,356 | 14,370,120 |
| 2045 | 1,506,087 | 14,213,585 |
| 2044 | 1,503,508 | 14,056,036 |
| 2043 | 1,500,726 | 13,897,765 |
| 2042 | 1,497,592 | 13,738,690 |
| 2041 | 1,493,983 | 13,577,382 |
| 2040 | 1,489,871 | 13,413,396 |
| 2039 | 1,485,335 | 13,247,486 |
| 2038 | 1,480,323 | 13,079,352 |
| 2037 | 1,475,124 | 12,909,735 |
| 2036 | 1,469,196 | 12,738,223 |
| 2035 | 1,463,098 | 12,566,543 |
| 2034 | 1,456,442 | 12,392,476 |
| 2033 | 1,449,244 | 12,218,246 |
| 2032 | 1,441,479 | 12,042,345 |
| 2031 | 1,433,522 | 11,865,316 |
| 2030 | 1,424,675 | 11,685,599 |
| 2029 | 1,415,483 | 11,504,890 |
| 2028 | 1,405,454 | 11,322,573 |
| 2027 | 1,394,504 | 11,138,409 |
| 2026 | 1,383,344 | 10,952,454 |
| 2025 | 1,371,233 | 10,765,048 |
| 2024 | 1,358,282 | 10,576,502 |
| 2023 | 1,344,976 | 10,389,635 |
| 2022 | 1,331,370 | 10,203,169 |
| 2021 | 1,317,309 | 10,012,896 |
| 2020 | 1,302,247 | 9,815,746 |
| 2019 | 1,286,671 | 9,609,010 |
| 2018 | 1,270,737 | 9,394,513 |
| 2017 | 1,254,275 | 9,178,714 |
| 2016 | 1,237,112 | 8,961,718 |
| 2015 | 1,219,502 | 8,743,246 |
| 2014 | 1,201,801 | 8,523,441 |
| 2013 | 1,183,895 | 8,302,698 |
| 2012 | 1,165,397 | 8,081,390 |
| 2011 | 1,146,493 | 7,859,346 |
| 2010 | 1,127,816 | 7,633,523 |
| 2009 | 1,109,371 | 7,406,438 |
| 2008 | 1,091,026 | 7,183,002 |
| 2007 | 1,072,714 | 6,963,345 |
| 2006 | 1,054,418 | 6,747,720 |
| 2005 | 1,036,151 | 6,535,905 |
| 2004 | 1,017,875 | 6,328,041 |
| 2003 | 999,590 | 6,123,997 |
| 2002 | 981,440 | 5,924,003 |
| 2001 | 964,127 | 5,728,435 |
| 2000 | 947,667 | 5,537,064 |
| 1999 | 931,234 | 5,349,333 |
| 1998 | 914,548 | 5,166,390 |
| 1997 | 897,568 | 4,987,883 |
| 1996 | 880,290 | 4,813,361 |
| 1995 | 862,695 | 4,644,278 |
| 1994 | 844,667 | 4,480,208 |
| 1993 | 826,034 | 4,320,872 |
| 1992 | 810,341 | 4,166,699 |
| 1991 | 798,944 | 4,021,837 |
| 1990 | 788,351 | 3,896,481 |
| 1989 | 777,420 | 3,796,078 |
| 1988 | 766,235 | 3,711,880 |
| 1987 | 754,785 | 3,632,543 |
| 1986 | 743,105 | 3,554,793 |
| 1985 | 731,277 | 3,478,936 |
| 1984 | 719,334 | 3,405,198 |
| 1983 | 707,225 | 3,333,633 |
| 1982 | 696,497 | 3,264,291 |
| 1981 | 688,893 | 3,197,019 |
| 1980 | 683,076 | 3,131,512 |
| 1979 | 677,549 | 3,067,341 |
| 1978 | 672,249 | 3,003,714 |
| 1977 | 667,101 | 2,940,327 |
| 1976 | 662,032 | 2,877,327 |
| 1975 | 659,405 | 2,814,820 |
| 1974 | 663,254 | 2,752,671 |
| 1973 | 665,937 | 2,690,629 |
| 1972 | 661,063 | 2,628,432 |
| 1971 | 654,050 | 2,566,421 |
| 1970 | 647,446 | 2,505,628 |
| 1969 | 641,189 | 2,446,927 |
| 1968 | 635,157 | 2,390,803 |
| 1967 | 629,251 | 2,337,532 |
| 1966 | 623,390 | 2,285,774 |
| 1965 | 617,736 | 2,235,820 |
| 1964 | 612,521 | 2,188,325 |
| 1963 | 607,252 | 2,141,376 |
| 1962 | 601,466 | 2,093,919 |
| 1961 | 595,514 | 2,046,127 |
| 1960 | 586,490 | 1,995,110 |
Data sources: United Nations | World Population Prospects (2025–2100, retrieved 2026-03-10); World Bank | Health (1960–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06).
GeoRank.org/population/cyprus/papua-new-guinea | CC BY
From 2006 to 2016, the population of Cyprus increased by 182,694 people (a 17.3% growth), while Papua New Guinea gained 2,213,998 people (a 32.8% growth).
For the next 10 years, from 2016 to 2026, Cyprus gained 149,250 people (a 12.1% growth), while Papua New Guinea's population increased by 2,041,035 people (a 22.8% growth).
Cyprus was ranked 153rd most populous country in 2006 and is still 153rd in 2026. Papua New Guinea was ranked 100th in 2006 and ranked 89th now.
The UN's World Population Prospects forecasts that in 24 years (in 2050) Cyprus' population will grow by 9.29% to 1,515,102 people and will still be ranked 153rd. The population of Papua New Guinea will increase by 36% to 14,968,530 people and rank change from 89th to 85th.
Cyprus is projected to reach its peak in 2052 at 1.52M people compared to the peak of 18.8M people in 2100 for Papua New Guinea.
Population growth rate by year
| Year | Growth rate | |
|---|---|---|
|
|
|
|
| 2100 | -0.34% | 0.06% |
| 2099 | -0.35% | 0.07% |
| 2098 | -0.33% | 0.09% |
| 2097 | -0.33% | 0.11% |
| 2096 | -0.34% | 0.13% |
| 2095 | -0.32% | 0.14% |
| 2094 | -0.32% | 0.16% |
| 2093 | -0.36% | 0.17% |
| 2092 | -0.37% | 0.19% |
| 2091 | -0.39% | 0.22% |
| 2090 | -0.42% | 0.21% |
| 2089 | -0.43% | 0.23% |
| 2088 | -0.45% | 0.24% |
| 2087 | -0.49% | 0.26% |
| 2086 | -0.51% | 0.28% |
| 2085 | -0.51% | 0.28% |
| 2084 | -0.52% | 0.31% |
| 2083 | -0.53% | 0.31% |
| 2082 | -0.56% | 0.33% |
| 2081 | -0.57% | 0.36% |
| 2080 | -0.56% | 0.35% |
| 2079 | -0.55% | 0.37% |
| 2078 | -0.56% | 0.38% |
| 2077 | -0.53% | 0.39% |
| 2076 | -0.54% | 0.41% |
| 2075 | -0.53% | 0.42% |
| 2074 | -0.52% | 0.44% |
| 2073 | -0.5% | 0.47% |
| 2072 | -0.45% | 0.49% |
| 2071 | -0.43% | 0.5% |
| 2070 | -0.41% | 0.52% |
| 2069 | -0.39% | 0.55% |
| 2068 | -0.36% | 0.57% |
| 2067 | -0.31% | 0.59% |
| 2066 | -0.28% | 0.61% |
| 2065 | -0.25% | 0.62% |
| 2064 | -0.23% | 0.63% |
| 2063 | -0.21% | 0.65% |
| 2062 | -0.15% | 0.67% |
| 2061 | -0.12% | 0.72% |
| 2060 | -0.09% | 0.73% |
| 2059 | -0.09% | 0.75% |
| 2058 | -0.06% | 0.77% |
| 2057 | -0.03% | 0.79% |
| 2056 | -0.03% | 0.82% |
| 2055 | -0.03% | 0.86% |
| 2054 | -0.02% | 0.87% |
| 2053 | -0.003% | 0.91% |
| 2052 | 0.06% | 0.93% |
| 2051 | 0.08% | 0.95% |
| 2050 | 0.08% | 0.99% |
| 2049 | 0.11% | 1.01% |
| 2048 | 0.12% | 1.04% |
| 2047 | 0.14% | 1.06% |
| 2046 | 0.15% | 1.1% |
| 2045 | 0.17% | 1.12% |
| 2044 | 0.19% | 1.14% |
| 2043 | 0.21% | 1.16% |
| 2042 | 0.24% | 1.19% |
| 2041 | 0.28% | 1.22% |
| 2040 | 0.31% | 1.25% |
| 2039 | 0.34% | 1.29% |
| 2038 | 0.35% | 1.31% |
| 2037 | 0.4% | 1.35% |
| 2036 | 0.42% | 1.37% |
| 2035 | 0.46% | 1.4% |
| 2034 | 0.5% | 1.43% |
| 2033 | 0.54% | 1.46% |
| 2032 | 0.56% | 1.49% |
| 2031 | 0.62% | 1.54% |
| 2030 | 0.65% | 1.57% |
| 2029 | 0.71% | 1.61% |
| 2028 | 0.79% | 1.65% |
| 2027 | 0.81% | 1.7% |
| 2026 | 0.88% | 1.74% |
| 2025 | 0.95% | 1.78% |
| 2024 | 0.99% | 1.8% |
| 2023 | 1.02% | 1.83% |
| 2022 | 1.07% | 1.9% |
| 2021 | 1.16% | 2.01% |
| 2020 | 1.21% | 2.15% |
| 2019 | 1.25% | 2.28% |
| 2018 | 1.31% | 2.35% |
| 2017 | 1.39% | 2.42% |
| 2016 | 1.44% | 2.5% |
| 2015 | 1.47% | 2.58% |
| 2014 | 1.51% | 2.66% |
| 2013 | 1.59% | 2.74% |
| 2012 | 1.65% | 2.83% |
| 2011 | 1.66% | 2.96% |
| 2010 | 1.66% | 3.07% |
| 2009 | 1.68% | 3.11% |
| 2008 | 1.71% | 3.15% |
| 2007 | 1.74% | 3.2% |
| 2006 | 1.76% | 3.24% |
| 2005 | 1.8% | 3.28% |
| 2004 | 1.83% | 3.33% |
| 2003 | 1.85% | 3.38% |
| 2002 | 1.8% | 3.41% |
| 2001 | 1.74% | 3.46% |
| 2000 | 1.76% | 3.51% |
| 1999 | 1.82% | 3.54% |
| 1998 | 1.89% | 3.58% |
| 1997 | 1.96% | 3.63% |
| 1996 | 2.04% | 3.64% |
| 1995 | 2.13% | 3.66% |
| 1994 | 2.26% | 3.69% |
| 1993 | 1.94% | 3.7% |
| 1992 | 1.43% | 3.6% |
| 1991 | 1.34% | 3.22% |
| 1990 | 1.41% | 2.64% |
| 1989 | 1.46% | 2.27% |
| 1988 | 1.52% | 2.18% |
| 1987 | 1.57% | 2.19% |
| 1986 | 1.62% | 2.18% |
| 1985 | 1.66% | 2.17% |
| 1984 | 1.71% | 2.15% |
| 1983 | 1.54% | 2.12% |
| 1982 | 1.1% | 2.1% |
| 1981 | 0.85% | 2.09% |
| 1980 | 0.82% | 2.09% |
| 1979 | 0.79% | 2.12% |
| 1978 | 0.77% | 2.16% |
| 1977 | 0.77% | 2.19% |
| 1976 | 0.4% | 2.22% |
| 1975 | -0.58% | 2.26% |
| 1974 | -0.4% | 2.31% |
| 1973 | 0.74% | 2.37% |
| 1972 | 1.07% | 2.42% |
| 1971 | 1.02% | 2.43% |
| 1970 | 0.98% | 2.4% |
| 1969 | 0.95% | 2.35% |
| 1968 | 0.94% | 2.28% |
| 1967 | 0.94% | 2.26% |
| 1966 | 0.92% | 2.23% |
| 1965 | 0.85% | 2.17% |
| 1964 | 0.87% | 2.19% |
| 1963 | 0.96% | 2.27% |
| 1962 | 1% | 2.34% |
| 1961 | 1.54% | 2.56% |
Data sources: United Nations | World Population Prospects (2025–2100, retrieved 2026-03-10); World Bank | Health (1961–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06).
GeoRank.org/population/cyprus/papua-new-guinea | CC BY
In 2024, the population of Cyprus grew by 0.99%, while Papua New Guinea's population grew by 1.8%.
Live population counters
|
|
|
|
|---|---|---|
| Current population |
1386362
|
11002753
|
| Population rank | 153/197 | 89/197 |
| Percent of world population | 0.02% | 0.13% |
| One net population change |
39.5 minutes
|
2.81 minutes
|
| One birth every |
36.2 minutes
|
2.06 minutes
|
| One death every |
55.3 minutes
|
7.76 minutes
|
| Daily growth/decline | +36 | +512 |
| Annual growth/decline | +13,306 | +186,867 |
| Annual growth/decline rate | +0.99% | +1.8% |
| Population growth rate rank | 103/197 | 59/197 |
| One migration net change every |
1.13 hours
|
1.29 days
|
| Annual migration change | +7,749 | -284 |
| Net migration rank | 46/196 | 87/196 |
| Foreign-born residents | 202,062 | 31,171 |
| Foreign-born residents rank | 111/195 | 163/195 |
| Foreign-born share of population | 14.9% | 0.3% |
| Foreign-born share rank | 42/195 | 183/195 |
Natural population change vs migration
| Year | Population change | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
|
|
|||
| Natural | Migration | Natural | Migration | |
| 2025 | - | 7,749 | - | -284 |
| 2024 | - | 8,138 | - | -707 |
| 2023 | 5,025 | 8,697 | 187,637 | -787 |
| 2022 | 4,466 | 9,014 | 186,861 | -787 |
| 2021 | 5,305 | 9,341 | 183,766 | 10,703 |
| 2020 | 5,826 | 9,653 | 189,130 | 10,703 |
| 2019 | 5,679 | 9,983 | 190,662 | 22,978 |
| 2018 | 5,905 | 10,311 | 190,662 | 24,684 |
| 2017 | 6,082 | 10,632 | 189,715 | 26,513 |
| 2016 | 6,643 | 10,951 | 189,281 | 28,473 |
| 2015 | 6,340 | 11,277 | 188,600 | 30,580 |
| 2014 | 6,193 | 11,599 | 187,592 | 32,840 |
| 2013 | 6,116 | 11,914 | 185,790 | 35,280 |
| 2012 | 6,726 | 12,237 | 183,658 | 37,893 |
| 2011 | 6,271 | 12,566 | 181,842 | 40,690 |
| 2010 | 6,723 | 11,793 | 178,998 | 50,106 |
| 2009 | 6,820 | 11,555 | 175,421 | 49,647 |
| 2008 | 6,429 | 11,887 | 172,823 | 48,985 |
| 2007 | 5,983 | 12,332 | 169,306 | 48,203 |
| 2006 | 6,166 | 12,110 | 166,540 | 47,191 |
| 2005 | 5,646 | 12,616 | 163,888 | 46,014 |
| 2004 | 5,705 | 12,583 | 161,023 | 44,811 |
| 2003 | 5,484 | 12,786 | 158,611 | 43,639 |
| 2002 | 5,225 | 12,814 | 155,091 | 42,657 |
| 2001 | 5,308 | 11,283 | 151,431 | 41,962 |
| 2000 | 5,570 | 10,753 | 147,496 | 41,855 |
| 1999 | 5,524 | 11,023 | 143,592 | 42,519 |
| 1998 | 5,879 | 10,942 | 136,677 | 43,091 |
| 1997 | 6,444 | 10,696 | 134,458 | 42,787 |
| 1996 | 6,911 | 10,506 | 129,802 | 41,994 |
| 1995 | 7,226 | 10,549 | 125,410 | 40,962 |
| 1994 | 7,973 | 10,305 | 122,113 | 39,669 |
| 1993 | 8,463 | 10,520 | 118,668 | 38,220 |
| 1992 | 9,844 | 2,562 | 114,818 | 36,622 |
| 1991 | 9,102 | 1,294 | 111,453 | 26,830 |
| 1990 | 9,417 | 1,371 | 110,033 | 2,398 |
| 1989 | 9,156 | 1,903 | 108,199 | -19,824 |
| 1988 | 9,595 | 1,727 | 106,256 | -26,232 |
| 1987 | 9,114 | 2,465 | 104,367 | -25,720 |
| 1986 | 9,412 | 2,362 | 102,346 | -25,495 |
| 1985 | 9,242 | 2,647 | 100,333 | -25,470 |
| 1984 | 9,516 | 2,485 | 98,103 | -25,487 |
| 1983 | 9,318 | 2,899 | 95,982 | -25,465 |
| 1982 | 9,282 | -46 | 93,522 | -25,355 |
| 1981 | 7,135 | -1,171 | 91,767 | -25,383 |
| 1980 | 7,954 | -2,284 | 90,266 | -25,638 |
| 1979 | 6,620 | -1,232 | 89,330 | -25,618 |
| 1978 | 5,949 | -735 | 88,747 | -25,208 |
| 1977 | 5,607 | -521 | 87,954 | -24,722 |
| 1976 | 6,546 | -1,496 | 86,965 | -24,198 |
| 1975 | 5,023 | -4,820 | 85,809 | -23,562 |
| 1974 | 321 | -8,220 | 84,829 | -22,771 |
| 1973 | 5,405 | -2,877 | 83,821 | -21,803 |
| 1972 | 8,244 | -1,037 | 82,672 | -20,303 |
| 1971 | 8,398 | -1,586 | 80,599 | -18,945 |
| 1970 | 8,412 | -2,001 | 78,712 | -18,773 |
| 1969 | 8,857 | -2,744 | 76,454 | -18,994 |
| 1968 | 9,153 | -3,207 | 73,983 | -19,188 |
| 1967 | 9,313 | -3,451 | 71,519 | -19,767 |
| 1966 | 9,478 | -3,623 | 69,206 | -17,454 |
| 1965 | 9,643 | -4,184 | 66,693 | -18,532 |
| 1964 | 8,322 | -3,347 | 64,558 | -17,730 |
| 1963 | 8,568 | -3,005 | 62,260 | -15,189 |
| 1962 | 9,455 | -3,441 | 59,974 | -12,141 |
| 1961 | 9,584 | -3,695 | 58,151 | -10,409 |
| 1960 | 8,385 | 3,766 | 56,326 | -2,034 |
Data sources: World Bank | Health (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-04-06).
GeoRank.org/population/cyprus/papua-new-guinea | CC BY
Over the last 10 years, 36.2% of the population change in Cyprus is from natural causes (a gain of 57,464 people) and 63.8% is from migration (a gain of 101,458 people). In Papua New Guinea 91% is from natural causes (a gain of 1,883,906 people) and 8.98% is from migration (a gain of 185,900 people).
As of 2024, 202,062 residents or 14.9% of the population were not native-born in Cyprus, compared to 31,171 people or 0.3% in Papua New Guinea.
Biggest cities by population
|
|
|
|---|---|
| City | Population |
| Limassol | 108K |
| Larnaca | 59.2K |
| Nicosia | 56.8K |
| Famagusta | 40.9K |
| Paphos | 36K |
| Kyrenia | 33.2K |
| Aradippou | 19.2K |
| Paralimni | 15K |
| Ypsonas | 11.1K |
| Dali | 10.5K |
|
|
|
|---|---|
| City | Population |
| Port Moresby | 317K |
| Lae | 101K |
Compare countries by 7 more topics
Population differences between Cyprus and Papua New Guinea
|
|
|
|
|---|---|---|
| Life expectancy | 82.2 years | 66.5 years |
| Average age | 39.8 years | 26.7 years |
| Median age | 39.2 years | 23.6 years |
| Male:Female ratio | 50.4:49.6 | 51.4:48.6 |
| Fertility rate | 1.39 births per woman | 3.1 births per woman |
| Population density | 388 ppl/mi² | 62.6 ppl/mi² |
Population map with other countries
Data sources: World Bank | Health (1960–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06); United Nations | World Population Prospects (1960–2026, retrieved 2026-03-10); U.S. Census Bureau (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-02-08); Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) (2000–2019, retrieved 2026-02-20).
GeoRank.org/population/cyprus/papua-new-guinea | CC BY
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Data sources:
- World Bank | Health (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-04-06)
- United Nations | World Population Prospects (1960–2100, retrieved 2026-03-10)
- U.S. Census Bureau (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-02-08)
- Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) (2000–2019, retrieved 2026-02-20)
- Wikidata (2026, retrieved 2026-02-08)
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