The latest officially reported population of the Netherlands was 17,993,485 in 2024 vs 6,036,860 people in Singapore in 2024. In 2026, based on the adjusted UN estimation, the current Netherlands' population is 18,252,623 people compared to 6,125,852 in Singapore.
Population statistics:
- The Netherlands' population is 2.98 times bigger than Singapore's.
- The Netherlands is ranked the 72nd most populous country in the world, while Singapore is the 113th.
- The countries together account for 0.29% of the world: 0.22% for the Netherlands vs 0.07% for Singapore.
- For the last 10 years, the Netherlands has had an average growth rate of +0.62% per year vs +1.04% in Singapore.
- Since 2006, the population of the Netherlands has increased from 16.3M people to 18.3M (11.7% growth), while Singapore has grown from 4.4M to 6.13M (39.2% growth).
Netherlands vs Singapore: population by year and forecast
| Year | Population | |
|---|---|---|
Netherlands
|
Singapore
|
|
| 2100 | 17,359,081 | 4,344,248 |
| 2099 | 17,392,412 | 4,387,645 |
| 2098 | 17,425,508 | 4,435,189 |
| 2097 | 17,459,827 | 4,483,484 |
| 2096 | 17,495,124 | 4,533,994 |
| 2095 | 17,532,593 | 4,585,243 |
| 2094 | 17,571,051 | 4,639,568 |
| 2093 | 17,610,792 | 4,692,749 |
| 2092 | 17,649,611 | 4,745,364 |
| 2091 | 17,688,532 | 4,802,089 |
| 2090 | 17,730,570 | 4,859,572 |
| 2089 | 17,770,380 | 4,919,853 |
| 2088 | 17,809,825 | 4,977,701 |
| 2087 | 17,845,820 | 5,036,662 |
| 2086 | 17,885,001 | 5,096,772 |
| 2085 | 17,921,302 | 5,155,480 |
| 2084 | 17,957,639 | 5,212,381 |
| 2083 | 17,994,232 | 5,269,612 |
| 2082 | 18,029,404 | 5,327,281 |
| 2081 | 18,063,233 | 5,383,608 |
| 2080 | 18,093,703 | 5,438,023 |
| 2079 | 18,124,294 | 5,491,695 |
| 2078 | 18,152,738 | 5,541,781 |
| 2077 | 18,181,372 | 5,589,429 |
| 2076 | 18,206,864 | 5,632,686 |
| 2075 | 18,227,791 | 5,679,862 |
| 2074 | 18,245,652 | 5,725,351 |
| 2073 | 18,263,765 | 5,764,008 |
| 2072 | 18,280,443 | 5,799,655 |
| 2071 | 18,295,700 | 5,833,262 |
| 2070 | 18,311,141 | 5,864,115 |
| 2069 | 18,326,509 | 5,896,709 |
| 2068 | 18,341,711 | 5,927,631 |
| 2067 | 18,356,770 | 5,955,955 |
| 2066 | 18,374,904 | 5,988,826 |
| 2065 | 18,396,018 | 6,020,244 |
| 2064 | 18,417,894 | 6,046,805 |
| 2063 | 18,441,434 | 6,069,231 |
| 2062 | 18,464,922 | 6,093,782 |
| 2061 | 18,492,436 | 6,116,847 |
| 2060 | 18,520,315 | 6,142,295 |
| 2059 | 18,548,786 | 6,163,191 |
| 2058 | 18,577,700 | 6,185,611 |
| 2057 | 18,608,370 | 6,203,303 |
| 2056 | 18,638,918 | 6,221,491 |
| 2055 | 18,666,514 | 6,240,206 |
| 2054 | 18,692,598 | 6,261,488 |
| 2053 | 18,718,268 | 6,277,678 |
| 2052 | 18,741,740 | 6,290,046 |
| 2051 | 18,768,309 | 6,307,270 |
| 2050 | 18,789,481 | 6,325,698 |
| 2049 | 18,809,886 | 6,342,616 |
| 2048 | 18,827,655 | 6,355,818 |
| 2047 | 18,844,635 | 6,373,684 |
| 2046 | 18,855,920 | 6,387,901 |
| 2045 | 18,867,286 | 6,399,811 |
| 2044 | 18,877,101 | 6,412,802 |
| 2043 | 18,882,735 | 6,420,804 |
| 2042 | 18,885,839 | 6,427,555 |
| 2041 | 18,885,255 | 6,433,153 |
| 2040 | 18,879,571 | 6,434,727 |
| 2039 | 18,870,248 | 6,431,367 |
| 2038 | 18,855,512 | 6,422,540 |
| 2037 | 18,837,172 | 6,410,923 |
| 2036 | 18,811,873 | 6,398,937 |
| 2035 | 18,783,312 | 6,382,637 |
| 2034 | 18,750,125 | 6,360,610 |
| 2033 | 18,708,101 | 6,333,556 |
| 2032 | 18,662,054 | 6,306,749 |
| 2031 | 18,609,452 | 6,277,847 |
| 2030 | 18,549,634 | 6,250,608 |
| 2029 | 18,481,269 | 6,221,161 |
| 2028 | 18,404,195 | 6,186,754 |
| 2027 | 18,320,644 | 6,150,947 |
| 2026 | 18,227,403 | 6,116,548 |
| 2025 | 18,118,662 | 6,078,250 |
| 2024 | 17,993,485 | 6,036,860 |
| 2023 | 17,877,117 | 5,917,648 |
| 2022 | 17,700,982 | 5,637,022 |
| 2021 | 17,533,044 | 5,453,566 |
| 2020 | 17,441,500 | 5,685,807 |
| 2019 | 17,344,874 | 5,703,569 |
| 2018 | 17,231,624 | 5,638,676 |
| 2017 | 17,131,296 | 5,612,253 |
| 2016 | 17,030,314 | 5,607,283 |
| 2015 | 16,939,923 | 5,535,002 |
| 2014 | 16,865,008 | 5,469,724 |
| 2013 | 16,804,432 | 5,399,162 |
| 2012 | 16,754,962 | 5,312,437 |
| 2011 | 16,693,074 | 5,183,688 |
| 2010 | 16,615,394 | 5,076,732 |
| 2009 | 16,530,388 | 4,987,573 |
| 2008 | 16,445,593 | 4,839,396 |
| 2007 | 16,381,696 | 4,588,599 |
| 2006 | 16,346,101 | 4,401,365 |
| 2005 | 16,319,868 | 4,265,762 |
| 2004 | 16,281,779 | 4,166,664 |
| 2003 | 16,225,302 | 4,114,826 |
| 2002 | 16,148,929 | 4,175,950 |
| 2001 | 16,046,180 | 4,138,012 |
| 2000 | 15,925,513 | 4,027,887 |
| 1999 | 15,812,088 | 3,958,723 |
| 1998 | 15,707,209 | 3,927,213 |
| 1997 | 15,610,650 | 3,796,038 |
| 1996 | 15,530,498 | 3,670,704 |
| 1995 | 15,459,006 | 3,524,506 |
| 1994 | 15,382,838 | 3,419,048 |
| 1993 | 15,290,368 | 3,313,471 |
| 1992 | 15,184,166 | 3,230,698 |
| 1991 | 15,069,798 | 3,135,083 |
| 1990 | 14,951,510 | 3,047,132 |
| 1989 | 14,848,907 | 2,930,901 |
| 1988 | 14,760,094 | 2,846,108 |
| 1987 | 14,665,037 | 2,774,789 |
| 1986 | 14,572,278 | 2,733,373 |
| 1985 | 14,491,632 | 2,735,957 |
| 1984 | 14,424,211 | 2,732,221 |
| 1983 | 14,367,070 | 2,681,061 |
| 1982 | 14,312,690 | 2,646,466 |
| 1981 | 14,247,208 | 2,532,835 |
| 1980 | 14,149,800 | 2,413,945 |
| 1979 | 14,038,270 | 2,383,500 |
| 1978 | 13,941,700 | 2,353,600 |
| 1977 | 13,856,185 | 2,325,300 |
| 1976 | 13,774,037 | 2,293,300 |
| 1975 | 13,666,335 | 2,262,600 |
| 1974 | 13,545,056 | 2,229,800 |
| 1973 | 13,439,322 | 2,193,000 |
| 1972 | 13,328,593 | 2,152,400 |
| 1971 | 13,194,497 | 2,112,900 |
| 1970 | 13,038,526 | 2,074,507 |
| 1969 | 12,877,984 | 2,042,500 |
| 1968 | 12,729,721 | 2,012,000 |
| 1967 | 12,598,201 | 1,977,600 |
| 1966 | 12,456,251 | 1,934,400 |
| 1965 | 12,294,732 | 1,886,900 |
| 1964 | 12,127,120 | 1,841,600 |
| 1963 | 11,965,966 | 1,795,000 |
| 1962 | 11,805,689 | 1,750,200 |
| 1961 | 11,638,712 | 1,702,400 |
| 1960 | 11,486,631 | 1,646,400 |
Data sources: United Nations | World Population Prospects (2025–2100, retrieved 2026-03-10); World Bank | Health (1960–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06).
GeoRank.org/population/netherlands/singapore | CC BY 
From 2006 to 2016, the population of the Netherlands increased by 684,213 people (a 4.19% growth), while Singapore gained 1,205,918 people (a 27.4% growth).
For the next 10 years, from 2016 to 2026, the Netherlands gained 1,222,309 people (a 7.18% growth), while Singapore's population increased by 518,569 people (a 9.25% growth).
The Netherlands was ranked 61st most populous country in 2006 and is 72nd in 2026. Singapore was ranked 117th in 2006 and ranked 113th now.
The UN's World Population Prospects forecasts that in 24 years (in 2050) the Netherlands' population will grow by 2.94% to 18,789,481 people with a rank change from 72nd to 77th. The population of Singapore will increase by 3.26% to 6,325,698 people and rank change from 113th to 118th.
The Netherlands is projected to reach its peak in 2042 at 18.9M people compared to the peak of 6.43M people in 2040 for Singapore.
Population growth rate by year
| Year | Growth rate | |
|---|---|---|
|
Netherlands
|
Singapore
|
|
| 2100 | -0.19% | -0.99% |
| 2099 | -0.19% | -1.07% |
| 2098 | -0.2% | -1.08% |
| 2097 | -0.2% | -1.11% |
| 2096 | -0.21% | -1.12% |
| 2095 | -0.22% | -1.17% |
| 2094 | -0.23% | -1.13% |
| 2093 | -0.22% | -1.11% |
| 2092 | -0.22% | -1.18% |
| 2091 | -0.24% | -1.18% |
| 2090 | -0.22% | -1.23% |
| 2089 | -0.22% | -1.16% |
| 2088 | -0.2% | -1.17% |
| 2087 | -0.22% | -1.18% |
| 2086 | -0.2% | -1.14% |
| 2085 | -0.2% | -1.09% |
| 2084 | -0.2% | -1.09% |
| 2083 | -0.2% | -1.08% |
| 2082 | -0.19% | -1.05% |
| 2081 | -0.17% | -1% |
| 2080 | -0.17% | -0.98% |
| 2079 | -0.16% | -0.9% |
| 2078 | -0.16% | -0.85% |
| 2077 | -0.14% | -0.77% |
| 2076 | -0.11% | -0.83% |
| 2075 | -0.1% | -0.79% |
| 2074 | -0.1% | -0.67% |
| 2073 | -0.09% | -0.61% |
| 2072 | -0.08% | -0.58% |
| 2071 | -0.08% | -0.53% |
| 2070 | -0.08% | -0.55% |
| 2069 | -0.08% | -0.52% |
| 2068 | -0.08% | -0.48% |
| 2067 | -0.1% | -0.55% |
| 2066 | -0.11% | -0.52% |
| 2065 | -0.12% | -0.44% |
| 2064 | -0.13% | -0.37% |
| 2063 | -0.13% | -0.4% |
| 2062 | -0.15% | -0.38% |
| 2061 | -0.15% | -0.41% |
| 2060 | -0.15% | -0.34% |
| 2059 | -0.16% | -0.36% |
| 2058 | -0.16% | -0.29% |
| 2057 | -0.16% | -0.29% |
| 2056 | -0.15% | -0.3% |
| 2055 | -0.14% | -0.34% |
| 2054 | -0.14% | -0.26% |
| 2053 | -0.13% | -0.2% |
| 2052 | -0.14% | -0.27% |
| 2051 | -0.11% | -0.29% |
| 2050 | -0.11% | -0.27% |
| 2049 | -0.09% | -0.21% |
| 2048 | -0.09% | -0.28% |
| 2047 | -0.06% | -0.22% |
| 2046 | -0.06% | -0.19% |
| 2045 | -0.05% | -0.2% |
| 2044 | -0.03% | -0.12% |
| 2043 | -0.02% | -0.11% |
| 2042 | 0.003% | -0.09% |
| 2041 | 0.03% | -0.02% |
| 2040 | 0.05% | 0.05% |
| 2039 | 0.08% | 0.14% |
| 2038 | 0.1% | 0.18% |
| 2037 | 0.13% | 0.19% |
| 2036 | 0.15% | 0.26% |
| 2035 | 0.18% | 0.35% |
| 2034 | 0.22% | 0.43% |
| 2033 | 0.25% | 0.43% |
| 2032 | 0.28% | 0.46% |
| 2031 | 0.32% | 0.44% |
| 2030 | 0.37% | 0.47% |
| 2029 | 0.42% | 0.56% |
| 2028 | 0.46% | 0.58% |
| 2027 | 0.51% | 0.56% |
| 2026 | 0.6% | 0.63% |
| 2025 | 0.7% | 0.69% |
| 2024 | 0.65% | 2.01% |
| 2023 | 1% | 4.98% |
| 2022 | 0.96% | 3.36% |
| 2021 | 0.52% | -4.08% |
| 2020 | 0.56% | -0.31% |
| 2019 | 0.66% | 1.15% |
| 2018 | 0.59% | 0.47% |
| 2017 | 0.59% | 0.09% |
| 2016 | 0.53% | 1.31% |
| 2015 | 0.44% | 1.19% |
| 2014 | 0.36% | 1.31% |
| 2013 | 0.3% | 1.63% |
| 2012 | 0.37% | 2.48% |
| 2011 | 0.47% | 2.11% |
| 2010 | 0.51% | 1.79% |
| 2009 | 0.52% | 3.06% |
| 2008 | 0.39% | 5.47% |
| 2007 | 0.22% | 4.25% |
| 2006 | 0.16% | 3.18% |
| 2005 | 0.23% | 2.38% |
| 2004 | 0.35% | 1.26% |
| 2003 | 0.47% | -1.46% |
| 2002 | 0.64% | 0.92% |
| 2001 | 0.76% | 2.73% |
| 2000 | 0.72% | 1.75% |
| 1999 | 0.67% | 0.8% |
| 1998 | 0.62% | 3.46% |
| 1997 | 0.52% | 3.41% |
| 1996 | 0.46% | 4.15% |
| 1995 | 0.5% | 3.08% |
| 1994 | 0.6% | 3.19% |
| 1993 | 0.7% | 2.56% |
| 1992 | 0.76% | 3.05% |
| 1991 | 0.79% | 2.89% |
| 1990 | 0.69% | 3.97% |
| 1989 | 0.6% | 2.98% |
| 1988 | 0.65% | 2.57% |
| 1987 | 0.64% | 1.52% |
| 1986 | 0.56% | -0.09% |
| 1985 | 0.47% | 0.14% |
| 1984 | 0.4% | 1.91% |
| 1983 | 0.38% | 1.31% |
| 1982 | 0.46% | 4.49% |
| 1981 | 0.69% | 4.93% |
| 1980 | 0.79% | 1.28% |
| 1979 | 0.69% | 1.27% |
| 1978 | 0.62% | 1.22% |
| 1977 | 0.6% | 1.4% |
| 1976 | 0.79% | 1.36% |
| 1975 | 0.9% | 1.47% |
| 1974 | 0.79% | 1.68% |
| 1973 | 0.83% | 1.89% |
| 1972 | 1.02% | 1.87% |
| 1971 | 1.2% | 1.85% |
| 1970 | 1.25% | 1.57% |
| 1969 | 1.16% | 1.52% |
| 1968 | 1.04% | 1.74% |
| 1967 | 1.14% | 2.23% |
| 1966 | 1.31% | 2.52% |
| 1965 | 1.38% | 2.46% |
| 1964 | 1.35% | 2.6% |
| 1963 | 1.36% | 2.56% |
| 1962 | 1.43% | 2.81% |
| 1961 | 1.32% | 3.4% |
Data sources: United Nations | World Population Prospects (2025–2100, retrieved 2026-03-10); World Bank | Health (1961–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06).
GeoRank.org/population/netherlands/singapore | CC BY
In 2024, the population of the Netherlands grew by 0.65%, while Singapore's population grew by 2.01%.
Live population counters
|
Netherlands
|
Singapore
|
|
|---|---|---|
| Current population |
18252623
|
6125852
|
| Population rank | 72/197 | 113/197 |
| Percent of world population | 0.22% | 0.07% |
| One net population change |
4.52 minutes
|
4.41 minutes
|
| One birth every |
3.2 minutes
|
12 minutes
|
| One death every |
3.09 minutes
|
14.3 minutes
|
| Daily growth/decline | +319 | +327 |
| Annual growth/decline | +116,368 | +119,212 |
| Annual growth/decline rate | +0.65% | +2.01% |
| Population growth rate rank | 121/197 | 50/197 |
| One migration net change every |
5.03 minutes
|
31.2 minutes
|
| Annual migration change | +104,681 | +16,892 |
| Net migration rank | 16/196 | 36/196 |
| Foreign-born residents | 2,956,518 | 2,841,665 |
| Foreign-born residents rank | 23/195 | 26/195 |
| Foreign-born share of population | 16.2% | 48.7% |
| Foreign-born share rank | 40/195 | 9/195 |
Natural population change vs migration
| Year | Population change | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Netherlands
|
Singapore
|
|||
| Natural | Migration | Natural | Migration | |
| 2025 | - | 104,681 | - | 16,892 |
| 2024 | - | 121,628 | - | 20,011 |
| 2023 | -5,363 | 144,558 | 7,101 | 26,996 |
| 2022 | -1,770 | 224,472 | 9,019 | 214,842 |
| 2021 | 7,014 | 106,416 | 15,270 | -44,030 |
| 2020 | 0 | 67,598 | 18,763 | -145,556 |
| 2019 | 17,345 | 109,003 | 21,674 | 870 |
| 2018 | 15,508 | 87,197 | 21,427 | 21,820 |
| 2017 | 18,844 | 86,332 | 21,888 | -8,880 |
| 2016 | 23,843 | 88,743 | 25,794 | 13,737 |
| 2015 | 23,716 | 55,585 | 27,121 | 41,852 |
| 2014 | 35,417 | 36,591 | 27,896 | 40,154 |
| 2013 | 30,248 | 19,973 | 25,376 | 52,176 |
| 2012 | 35,186 | 14,861 | 29,750 | 78,501 |
| 2011 | 45,072 | 31,224 | 25,919 | 89,856 |
| 2010 | 48,184 | 33,703 | 24,876 | 72,571 |
| 2009 | 51,244 | 39,832 | 27,930 | 95,841 |
| 2008 | 49,337 | 32,406 | 28,068 | 176,182 |
| 2007 | 49,145 | -304 | 26,614 | 192,292 |
| 2006 | 49,038 | -25,401 | 25,968 | 135,625 |
| 2005 | 50,592 | -22,496 | 24,741 | 92,023 |
| 2004 | 56,987 | -9,230 | 24,583 | 50,487 |
| 2003 | 58,411 | 7,937 | 24,689 | -30,012 |
| 2002 | 59,751 | 28,824 | 29,231 | -40,023 |
| 2001 | 62,580 | 56,096 | 31,035 | 45,027 |
| 2000 | 66,887 | 59,308 | 37,057 | 55,218 |
| 1999 | 60,086 | 47,179 | 32,857 | 19,681 |
| 1998 | 61,258 | 52,058 | 33,381 | 51,905 |
| 1997 | 56,198 | 31,302 | 37,960 | 95,241 |
| 1996 | 51,251 | 21,792 | 38,542 | 102,018 |
| 1995 | 54,106 | 15,056 | 38,065 | 91,947 |
| 1994 | 61,532 | 20,193 | 39,319 | 71,170 |
| 1993 | 58,103 | 44,514 | 40,425 | 58,820 |
| 1992 | 66,811 | 50,148 | 39,091 | 54,359 |
| 1991 | 69,321 | 51,670 | 39,188 | 57,821 |
| 1990 | 68,777 | 53,564 | 41,136 | 66,950 |
| 1989 | 59,396 | 31,165 | 36,929 | 68,031 |
| 1988 | 61,993 | 31,026 | 42,407 | 40,976 |
| 1987 | 64,526 | 39,559 | 33,020 | 25,411 |
| 1986 | 59,746 | 30,380 | 27,880 | -7,858 |
| 1985 | 55,069 | 27,356 | 32,010 | -31,036 |
| 1984 | 54,812 | 12,902 | 31,967 | -4,396 |
| 1983 | 51,722 | 11,007 | 30,296 | 11,699 |
| 1982 | 54,388 | 7,644 | 33,346 | 41,568 |
| 1981 | 62,688 | 17,643 | 32,167 | 85,869 |
| 1980 | 66,504 | 54,010 | 30,657 | 42,433 |
| 1979 | 63,172 | 42,772 | 28,363 | -2,384 |
| 1978 | 61,344 | 26,639 | 27,537 | 436 |
| 1977 | 63,739 | 19,809 | 26,508 | 2,757 |
| 1976 | 63,361 | 18,774 | 31,189 | 949 |
| 1975 | 64,232 | 68,569 | 28,509 | 4,104 |
| 1974 | 75,853 | 31,645 | 31,664 | 2,748 |
| 1973 | 84,668 | 18,705 | 36,404 | -495 |
| 1972 | 101,297 | 17,470 | 38,098 | -1,631 |
| 1971 | 116,112 | 32,756 | 35,708 | 573 |
| 1970 | 129,082 | 32,438 | 35,059 | 4,024 |
| 1969 | 139,082 | 21,850 | 34,314 | 6,763 |
| 1968 | 132,389 | 7,243 | 36,216 | 6,792 |
| 1967 | 138,580 | -10,673 | 40,145 | 6,006 |
| 1966 | 138,265 | 20,740 | 44,298 | 3,507 |
| 1965 | 146,308 | 19,444 | 45,474 | 4,199 |
| 1964 | 157,653 | 15,014 | 47,697 | 3,043 |
| 1963 | 154,361 | -21 | 49,542 | 2,668 |
| 1962 | 153,474 | 18,024 | 48,830 | 3,714 |
| 1961 | 159,450 | 8,258 | 49,880 | 3,490 |
| 1960 | 151,623 | -13,235 | 51,533 | 2,008 |
Data sources: World Bank | Health (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-04-06).
GeoRank.org/population/netherlands/singapore | CC BY
Over the last 10 years, 11.8% of the population change in the Netherlands is from natural causes (a gain of 134,554 people) and 88.2% is from migration (a gain of 1,006,495 people). In Singapore 54.8% is from natural causes (a gain of 195,953 people) and 45.2% is from migration (a gain of 161,805 people).
As of 2024, 2,956,518 residents or 16.2% of the population were not native-born in the Netherlands, compared to 2,841,665 people or 48.7% in Singapore.
Biggest cities by population
|
Netherlands
|
|
|---|---|
| City | Population |
| Amsterdam | 921K |
| Rotterdam | 664K |
| The Hague | 548K |
| Utrecht | 359K |
| Eindhoven | 244K |
| Groningen | 238K |
| Tilburg | 228K |
| Almere | 215K |
| Breda | 188K |
| Nijmegen | 177K |
|
Singapore
|
|
|---|---|
| City | Population |
| Singapore | 5.87M |
| Bukit Merah | 152K |
Compare countries by 7 more topics
Population differences between the Netherlands and Singapore
|
Netherlands
|
Singapore
|
|
|---|---|---|
| Life expectancy | 82.6 years | 84.1 years |
| Average age | 42.5 years | 39.3 years |
| Median age | 42.4 years | 36.8 years |
| Male:Female ratio | 49.7:50.3 | 51.7:48.3 |
| Fertility rate | 1.43 births per woman | 0.97 births per woman |
| Population density | 1,402 ppl/mi² | 22,064 ppl/mi² |
Population map with other countries
Data sources: World Bank | Health (1960–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06); United Nations | World Population Prospects (1960–2026, retrieved 2026-03-10); U.S. Census Bureau (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-02-08); Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) (2000–2019, retrieved 2026-02-20).
GeoRank.org/population/netherlands/singapore | CC BY
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Data sources:
- World Bank | Health (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-04-06)
- United Nations | World Population Prospects (1960–2100, retrieved 2026-03-10)
- U.S. Census Bureau (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-02-08)
- Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) (2000–2019, retrieved 2026-02-20)
- Wikidata (2026, retrieved 2026-02-08)
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