The latest officially reported population of Pakistan was 255,219,554 in 2025 vs 6,111,175 people in Singapore in 2025. In 2026, based on the adjusted UN estimation, the current Pakistan's population is 261,421,997 people compared to 6,167,445 in Singapore.
Population statistics:
- Pakistan's population is 42.4 times bigger than Singapore's.
- Pakistan is ranked the 5th most populous country in the world, while Singapore is the 113th.
- The countries together account for 3.22% of the world: 3.15% for Pakistan vs 0.07% for Singapore.
- For the last 10 years, Pakistan has had an average growth rate of +1.6% per year vs +1.04% in Singapore.
- Since 2006, the population of Pakistan has increased from 180M people to 261M (45.5% growth), while Singapore has grown from 4.4M to 6.17M (40.1% growth).
Pakistan vs Singapore: population by year and forecast
| Year | Population | |
|---|---|---|
Pakistan
|
Singapore
|
|
| 2100 | 514,639,086 | 4,367,779 |
| 2099 | 513,762,873 | 4,411,412 |
| 2098 | 512,834,641 | 4,459,213 |
| 2097 | 511,842,588 | 4,507,770 |
| 2096 | 510,743,323 | 4,558,553 |
| 2095 | 509,544,194 | 4,610,080 |
| 2094 | 508,236,117 | 4,664,700 |
| 2093 | 506,871,405 | 4,718,168 |
| 2092 | 505,433,117 | 4,771,068 |
| 2091 | 503,929,591 | 4,828,101 |
| 2090 | 502,369,089 | 4,885,895 |
| 2089 | 500,764,988 | 4,946,502 |
| 2088 | 499,040,109 | 5,004,664 |
| 2087 | 497,294,229 | 5,063,944 |
| 2086 | 495,416,407 | 5,124,380 |
| 2085 | 493,469,269 | 5,183,406 |
| 2084 | 491,457,322 | 5,240,616 |
| 2083 | 489,327,293 | 5,298,156 |
| 2082 | 487,086,584 | 5,356,138 |
| 2081 | 484,774,651 | 5,412,770 |
| 2080 | 482,358,125 | 5,467,479 |
| 2079 | 479,913,540 | 5,521,442 |
| 2078 | 477,377,443 | 5,571,799 |
| 2077 | 474,692,907 | 5,619,705 |
| 2076 | 471,877,807 | 5,663,197 |
| 2075 | 468,953,317 | 5,710,629 |
| 2074 | 465,972,364 | 5,756,364 |
| 2073 | 462,907,667 | 5,795,230 |
| 2072 | 459,752,452 | 5,831,071 |
| 2071 | 456,518,761 | 5,864,860 |
| 2070 | 453,190,545 | 5,895,880 |
| 2069 | 449,749,441 | 5,928,650 |
| 2068 | 446,219,879 | 5,959,740 |
| 2067 | 442,632,987 | 5,988,217 |
| 2066 | 438,970,919 | 6,021,266 |
| 2065 | 435,260,675 | 6,052,854 |
| 2064 | 431,484,424 | 6,079,559 |
| 2063 | 427,665,121 | 6,102,106 |
| 2062 | 423,724,764 | 6,126,791 |
| 2061 | 419,759,602 | 6,149,980 |
| 2060 | 415,724,868 | 6,175,566 |
| 2059 | 411,662,239 | 6,196,576 |
| 2058 | 407,514,159 | 6,219,117 |
| 2057 | 403,318,028 | 6,236,905 |
| 2056 | 399,031,614 | 6,255,191 |
| 2055 | 394,728,055 | 6,274,008 |
| 2054 | 390,385,410 | 6,295,405 |
| 2053 | 386,003,289 | 6,311,683 |
| 2052 | 381,568,312 | 6,324,118 |
| 2051 | 377,096,921 | 6,341,435 |
| 2050 | 372,554,619 | 6,359,963 |
| 2049 | 367,986,189 | 6,376,972 |
| 2048 | 363,386,382 | 6,390,246 |
| 2047 | 358,734,325 | 6,408,209 |
| 2046 | 354,003,639 | 6,422,503 |
| 2045 | 349,228,953 | 6,434,477 |
| 2044 | 344,443,561 | 6,447,538 |
| 2043 | 339,631,894 | 6,455,584 |
| 2042 | 334,801,403 | 6,462,372 |
| 2041 | 329,944,530 | 6,468,000 |
| 2040 | 325,107,264 | 6,469,582 |
| 2039 | 320,203,920 | 6,466,204 |
| 2038 | 315,273,196 | 6,457,329 |
| 2037 | 310,377,446 | 6,445,649 |
| 2036 | 305,472,156 | 6,433,599 |
| 2035 | 300,604,245 | 6,417,210 |
| 2034 | 295,748,602 | 6,395,064 |
| 2033 | 290,911,874 | 6,367,864 |
| 2032 | 286,130,352 | 6,340,911 |
| 2031 | 281,410,647 | 6,311,853 |
| 2030 | 276,766,735 | 6,284,466 |
| 2029 | 272,246,760 | 6,254,860 |
| 2028 | 267,784,548 | 6,220,267 |
| 2027 | 263,445,027 | 6,184,266 |
| 2026 | 259,285,315 | 6,149,680 |
| 2025 | 255,219,554 | 6,111,175 |
| 2024 | 251,269,164 | 6,036,860 |
| 2023 | 247,504,495 | 5,917,648 |
| 2022 | 243,700,667 | 5,637,022 |
| 2021 | 239,477,801 | 5,453,566 |
| 2020 | 235,001,746 | 5,685,807 |
| 2019 | 230,800,899 | 5,703,569 |
| 2018 | 226,928,892 | 5,638,676 |
| 2017 | 223,273,967 | 5,612,253 |
| 2016 | 220,138,869 | 5,607,283 |
| 2015 | 217,290,883 | 5,535,002 |
| 2014 | 214,264,647 | 5,469,724 |
| 2013 | 211,073,978 | 5,399,162 |
| 2012 | 207,667,125 | 5,312,437 |
| 2011 | 203,746,065 | 5,183,688 |
| 2010 | 199,239,047 | 5,076,732 |
| 2009 | 194,376,534 | 4,987,573 |
| 2008 | 189,499,113 | 4,839,396 |
| 2007 | 184,493,231 | 4,588,599 |
| 2006 | 179,682,690 | 4,401,365 |
| 2005 | 175,453,212 | 4,265,762 |
| 2004 | 171,286,000 | 4,166,664 |
| 2003 | 167,110,248 | 4,114,826 |
| 2002 | 163,222,549 | 4,175,950 |
| 2001 | 159,270,907 | 4,138,012 |
| 2000 | 154,879,127 | 4,027,887 |
| 1999 | 150,565,377 | 3,958,723 |
| 1998 | 146,522,356 | 3,927,213 |
| 1997 | 142,531,804 | 3,796,038 |
| 1996 | 138,557,092 | 3,670,704 |
| 1995 | 134,582,253 | 3,524,506 |
| 1994 | 130,748,083 | 3,419,048 |
| 1993 | 127,020,117 | 3,313,471 |
| 1992 | 123,546,848 | 3,230,698 |
| 1991 | 120,060,406 | 3,135,083 |
| 1990 | 116,155,576 | 3,047,132 |
| 1989 | 112,336,629 | 2,930,901 |
| 1988 | 108,724,739 | 2,846,108 |
| 1987 | 105,130,717 | 2,774,789 |
| 1986 | 101,606,764 | 2,733,373 |
| 1985 | 98,229,285 | 2,735,957 |
| 1984 | 95,164,936 | 2,732,221 |
| 1983 | 92,227,711 | 2,681,061 |
| 1982 | 89,089,246 | 2,646,466 |
| 1981 | 85,802,049 | 2,532,835 |
| 1980 | 82,291,010 | 2,413,945 |
| 1979 | 78,997,039 | 2,383,500 |
| 1978 | 76,307,379 | 2,353,600 |
| 1977 | 73,901,827 | 2,325,300 |
| 1976 | 71,620,254 | 2,293,300 |
| 1975 | 69,461,175 | 2,262,600 |
| 1974 | 67,415,487 | 2,229,800 |
| 1973 | 65,461,912 | 2,193,000 |
| 1972 | 63,583,194 | 2,152,400 |
| 1971 | 61,847,899 | 2,112,900 |
| 1970 | 60,166,719 | 2,074,507 |
| 1969 | 58,460,939 | 2,042,500 |
| 1968 | 56,810,507 | 2,012,000 |
| 1967 | 55,214,768 | 1,977,600 |
| 1966 | 53,678,667 | 1,934,400 |
| 1965 | 52,209,010 | 1,886,900 |
| 1964 | 50,799,999 | 1,841,600 |
| 1963 | 49,447,776 | 1,795,000 |
| 1962 | 48,156,128 | 1,750,200 |
| 1961 | 46,921,277 | 1,702,400 |
| 1960 | 45,709,310 | 1,646,400 |
Data sources: United Nations | World Population Prospects (2026–2100, retrieved 2026-07-08); World Bank | Health (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08).
GeoRank.org/population/pakistan/singapore | CC BY 
From 2006 to 2016, the population of Pakistan increased by 40,456,179 people (a 22.5% growth), while Singapore gained 1,205,918 people (a 27.4% growth).
For the next 10 years, from 2016 to 2026, Pakistan gained 41,283,128 people (a 18.8% growth), while Singapore's population increased by 560,162 people (a 9.99% growth).
Pakistan was ranked 6th most populous country in 2006 and is 5th in 2026. Singapore was ranked 117th in 2006 and ranked 113th now.
The UN's World Population Prospects forecasts that in 24 years (in 2050) Pakistan's population will grow by 42.5% to 372,554,619 people with a rank change from 5th to 4th. The population of Singapore will increase by 3.12% to 6,359,963 people and rank change from 113th to 117th.
Pakistan is projected to reach its peak in 2100 at 515M people compared to the peak of 6.47M people in 2040 for Singapore.
Population growth rate by year
| Year | Growth rate | |
|---|---|---|
|
Pakistan
|
Singapore
|
|
| 2100 | 0.17% | -0.99% |
| 2099 | 0.18% | -1.07% |
| 2098 | 0.19% | -1.08% |
| 2097 | 0.22% | -1.11% |
| 2096 | 0.24% | -1.12% |
| 2095 | 0.26% | -1.17% |
| 2094 | 0.27% | -1.13% |
| 2093 | 0.28% | -1.11% |
| 2092 | 0.3% | -1.18% |
| 2091 | 0.31% | -1.18% |
| 2090 | 0.32% | -1.23% |
| 2089 | 0.35% | -1.16% |
| 2088 | 0.35% | -1.17% |
| 2087 | 0.38% | -1.18% |
| 2086 | 0.39% | -1.14% |
| 2085 | 0.41% | -1.09% |
| 2084 | 0.44% | -1.09% |
| 2083 | 0.46% | -1.08% |
| 2082 | 0.48% | -1.05% |
| 2081 | 0.5% | -1% |
| 2080 | 0.51% | -0.98% |
| 2079 | 0.53% | -0.9% |
| 2078 | 0.57% | -0.85% |
| 2077 | 0.6% | -0.77% |
| 2076 | 0.62% | -0.83% |
| 2075 | 0.64% | -0.79% |
| 2074 | 0.66% | -0.67% |
| 2073 | 0.69% | -0.61% |
| 2072 | 0.71% | -0.58% |
| 2071 | 0.73% | -0.53% |
| 2070 | 0.77% | -0.55% |
| 2069 | 0.79% | -0.52% |
| 2068 | 0.81% | -0.48% |
| 2067 | 0.83% | -0.55% |
| 2066 | 0.85% | -0.52% |
| 2065 | 0.88% | -0.44% |
| 2064 | 0.89% | -0.37% |
| 2063 | 0.93% | -0.4% |
| 2062 | 0.94% | -0.38% |
| 2061 | 0.97% | -0.41% |
| 2060 | 0.99% | -0.34% |
| 2059 | 1.02% | -0.36% |
| 2058 | 1.04% | -0.29% |
| 2057 | 1.07% | -0.29% |
| 2056 | 1.09% | -0.3% |
| 2055 | 1.11% | -0.34% |
| 2054 | 1.14% | -0.26% |
| 2053 | 1.16% | -0.2% |
| 2052 | 1.19% | -0.27% |
| 2051 | 1.22% | -0.29% |
| 2050 | 1.24% | -0.27% |
| 2049 | 1.27% | -0.21% |
| 2048 | 1.3% | -0.28% |
| 2047 | 1.34% | -0.22% |
| 2046 | 1.37% | -0.19% |
| 2045 | 1.39% | -0.2% |
| 2044 | 1.42% | -0.12% |
| 2043 | 1.44% | -0.11% |
| 2042 | 1.47% | -0.09% |
| 2041 | 1.49% | -0.02% |
| 2040 | 1.53% | 0.05% |
| 2039 | 1.56% | 0.14% |
| 2038 | 1.58% | 0.18% |
| 2037 | 1.61% | 0.19% |
| 2036 | 1.62% | 0.26% |
| 2035 | 1.64% | 0.35% |
| 2034 | 1.66% | 0.43% |
| 2033 | 1.67% | 0.43% |
| 2032 | 1.68% | 0.46% |
| 2031 | 1.68% | 0.44% |
| 2030 | 1.66% | 0.47% |
| 2029 | 1.67% | 0.56% |
| 2028 | 1.65% | 0.58% |
| 2027 | 1.6% | 0.56% |
| 2026 | 1.59% | 0.63% |
| 2025 | 1.57% | 1.23% |
| 2024 | 1.52% | 2.01% |
| 2023 | 1.56% | 4.98% |
| 2022 | 1.76% | 3.36% |
| 2021 | 1.9% | -4.08% |
| 2020 | 1.82% | -0.31% |
| 2019 | 1.71% | 1.15% |
| 2018 | 1.64% | 0.47% |
| 2017 | 1.42% | 0.09% |
| 2016 | 1.31% | 1.31% |
| 2015 | 1.41% | 1.19% |
| 2014 | 1.51% | 1.31% |
| 2013 | 1.64% | 1.63% |
| 2012 | 1.92% | 2.48% |
| 2011 | 2.26% | 2.11% |
| 2010 | 2.5% | 1.79% |
| 2009 | 2.57% | 3.06% |
| 2008 | 2.71% | 5.47% |
| 2007 | 2.68% | 4.25% |
| 2006 | 2.41% | 3.18% |
| 2005 | 2.43% | 2.38% |
| 2004 | 2.5% | 1.26% |
| 2003 | 2.38% | -1.46% |
| 2002 | 2.48% | 0.92% |
| 2001 | 2.84% | 2.73% |
| 2000 | 2.87% | 1.75% |
| 1999 | 2.76% | 0.8% |
| 1998 | 2.8% | 3.46% |
| 1997 | 2.87% | 3.41% |
| 1996 | 2.95% | 4.15% |
| 1995 | 2.93% | 3.08% |
| 1994 | 2.93% | 3.19% |
| 1993 | 2.81% | 2.56% |
| 1992 | 2.9% | 3.05% |
| 1991 | 3.36% | 2.89% |
| 1990 | 3.4% | 3.97% |
| 1989 | 3.32% | 2.98% |
| 1988 | 3.42% | 2.57% |
| 1987 | 3.47% | 1.52% |
| 1986 | 3.44% | -0.09% |
| 1985 | 3.22% | 0.14% |
| 1984 | 3.18% | 1.91% |
| 1983 | 3.52% | 1.31% |
| 1982 | 3.83% | 4.49% |
| 1981 | 4.27% | 4.93% |
| 1980 | 4.17% | 1.28% |
| 1979 | 3.52% | 1.27% |
| 1978 | 3.26% | 1.22% |
| 1977 | 3.19% | 1.4% |
| 1976 | 3.11% | 1.36% |
| 1975 | 3.03% | 1.47% |
| 1974 | 2.98% | 1.68% |
| 1973 | 2.95% | 1.89% |
| 1972 | 2.81% | 1.87% |
| 1971 | 2.79% | 1.85% |
| 1970 | 2.92% | 1.57% |
| 1969 | 2.91% | 1.52% |
| 1968 | 2.89% | 1.74% |
| 1967 | 2.86% | 2.23% |
| 1966 | 2.81% | 2.52% |
| 1965 | 2.77% | 2.46% |
| 1964 | 2.73% | 2.6% |
| 1963 | 2.68% | 2.56% |
| 1962 | 2.63% | 2.81% |
| 1961 | 2.65% | 3.4% |
Data sources: United Nations | World Population Prospects (2026–2100, retrieved 2026-07-08); World Bank | Health (1961–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08).
GeoRank.org/population/pakistan/singapore | CC BY
In 2025, the population of Pakistan grew by 1.57%, while Singapore's population grew by 1.23%.
Live population counters
|
Pakistan
|
Singapore
|
|
|---|---|---|
| Current population |
261421997
|
6167445
|
| Population rank | 5/197 | 113/197 |
| Percent of world population | 3.15% | 0.07% |
| One net population change |
8.01 seconds
|
7.09 minutes
|
| One birth every |
4.58 seconds
|
11.8 minutes
|
| One death every |
19.5 seconds
|
14.5 minutes
|
| Daily growth/decline | +10,823 | +204 |
| Annual growth/decline | +3,950,390 | +74,315 |
| Annual growth/decline rate | +1.57% | +1.23% |
| Population growth rate rank | 66/197 | 83/197 |
| One migration net change every |
25.6 seconds
|
31.2 minutes
|
| Annual migration change | -1,235,336 | +16,892 |
| Net migration rank | 196/196 | 36/196 |
| Foreign-born residents | 4,175,958 | 2,841,665 |
| Foreign-born residents rank | 16/195 | 26/195 |
| Foreign-born share of population | 1.7% | 48.7% |
| Foreign-born share rank | 141/195 | 9/195 |
Natural population change vs migration
| Year | Population change | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Pakistan
|
Singapore
|
|||
| Natural | Migration | Natural | Migration | |
| 2025 | - | -1,235,336 | - | 16,892 |
| 2024 | 5,268,361 | -1,401,173 | 8,451 | 20,011 |
| 2023 | 5,281,745 | -1,619,557 | 7,101 | 26,996 |
| 2022 | 5,268,077 | -1,322,625 | 9,019 | 214,842 |
| 2021 | 5,065,913 | -565,673 | 15,270 | -44,030 |
| 2020 | 5,011,177 | -559,291 | 18,763 | -145,556 |
| 2019 | 5,127,011 | -1,177,220 | 21,674 | 870 |
| 2018 | 5,103,858 | -1,309,611 | 21,427 | 21,820 |
| 2017 | 5,090,200 | -1,574,585 | 21,888 | -8,880 |
| 2016 | 5,044,922 | -2,290,411 | 25,794 | 13,737 |
| 2015 | 5,113,507 | -2,172,162 | 27,121 | 41,852 |
| 2014 | 5,148,994 | -2,037,920 | 27,896 | 40,154 |
| 2013 | 5,176,590 | -1,906,319 | 25,376 | 52,176 |
| 2012 | 5,191,263 | -1,647,989 | 29,750 | 78,501 |
| 2011 | 5,189,412 | -890,633 | 25,919 | 89,856 |
| 2010 | 5,147,142 | -431,902 | 24,876 | 72,571 |
| 2009 | 5,028,132 | -18,298 | 27,930 | 95,841 |
| 2008 | 4,885,855 | -140,746 | 28,068 | 176,182 |
| 2007 | 4,690,187 | 576,349 | 26,614 | 192,292 |
| 2006 | 4,538,426 | -183,933 | 25,968 | 135,625 |
| 2005 | 4,294,393 | -189,899 | 24,741 | 92,023 |
| 2004 | 4,294,654 | -64,669 | 24,583 | 50,487 |
| 2003 | 4,340,688 | -219,118 | 24,689 | -30,012 |
| 2002 | 4,307,607 | -653,758 | 29,231 | -40,023 |
| 2001 | 4,304,297 | -54,727 | 31,035 | 45,027 |
| 2000 | 4,281,169 | 252,869 | 37,057 | 55,218 |
| 1999 | 4,228,026 | -134,510 | 32,857 | 19,681 |
| 1998 | 4,104,824 | -112,191 | 33,381 | 51,905 |
| 1997 | 4,043,912 | -55,539 | 37,960 | 95,241 |
| 1996 | 4,021,758 | -60,855 | 38,542 | 102,018 |
| 1995 | 3,977,175 | 11,534 | 38,065 | 91,947 |
| 1994 | 3,956,699 | -277,100 | 39,319 | 71,170 |
| 1993 | 3,915,776 | -139,493 | 40,425 | 58,820 |
| 1992 | 3,888,637 | -718,387 | 39,091 | 54,359 |
| 1991 | 3,822,363 | -19,668 | 39,188 | 57,821 |
| 1990 | 3,731,730 | 275,242 | 41,136 | 66,950 |
| 1989 | 3,648,132 | -17,164 | 36,929 | 68,031 |
| 1988 | 3,554,755 | 38,139 | 42,407 | 40,976 |
| 1987 | 3,448,813 | 146,364 | 33,020 | 25,411 |
| 1986 | 3,341,643 | 111,045 | 27,880 | -7,858 |
| 1985 | 3,233,315 | 68,860 | 32,010 | -31,036 |
| 1984 | 3,145,772 | -319,242 | 31,967 | -4,396 |
| 1983 | 3,052,738 | -4,753 | 30,296 | 11,699 |
| 1982 | 2,934,689 | 294,252 | 33,346 | 41,568 |
| 1981 | 2,790,454 | 555,032 | 32,167 | 85,869 |
| 1980 | 2,598,421 | 1,078,229 | 30,657 | 42,433 |
| 1979 | 2,461,311 | 450,003 | 28,363 | -2,384 |
| 1978 | 2,356,601 | 111,386 | 27,537 | 436 |
| 1977 | 2,257,849 | 85,250 | 26,508 | 2,757 |
| 1976 | 2,171,812 | 48,238 | 31,189 | 949 |
| 1975 | 2,099,811 | -1,710 | 28,509 | 4,104 |
| 1974 | 2,028,061 | -34,785 | 31,664 | 2,748 |
| 1973 | 1,971,909 | -58,012 | 36,404 | -495 |
| 1972 | 1,912,774 | -69,209 | 38,098 | -1,631 |
| 1971 | 1,695,374 | -68,357 | 35,708 | 573 |
| 1970 | 1,793,570 | -58,281 | 35,059 | 4,024 |
| 1969 | 1,733,601 | -57,406 | 34,314 | 6,763 |
| 1968 | 1,683,296 | -58,721 | 36,216 | 6,792 |
| 1967 | 1,626,737 | -59,932 | 40,145 | 6,006 |
| 1966 | 1,566,343 | -61,025 | 44,298 | 3,507 |
| 1965 | 1,496,050 | -62,070 | 45,474 | 4,199 |
| 1964 | 1,447,394 | -63,298 | 47,697 | 3,043 |
| 1963 | 1,384,934 | -64,552 | 49,542 | 2,668 |
| 1962 | 1,328,675 | -65,780 | 48,830 | 3,714 |
| 1961 | 1,273,772 | -66,991 | 49,880 | 3,490 |
| 1960 | 1,217,147 | 0 | 51,533 | 2,008 |
Data sources: World Bank | Health (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08).
GeoRank.org/population/pakistan/singapore | CC BY
Over the last 10 years, 78.6% of the population change in Pakistan is from natural causes (a gain of 51,374,771 people) and 21.4% is from migration (a loss of 13,992,308 people). In Singapore 55.5% is from natural causes (a gain of 176,508 people) and 44.5% is from migration (a gain of 141,662 people).
As of 2024, 4,175,958 residents or 1.7% of the population were not native-born in Pakistan, compared to 2,841,665 people or 48.7% in Singapore.
Biggest cities by population
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Population differences between Pakistan and Singapore
|
Pakistan
|
Singapore
|
|
|---|---|---|
| Life expectancy | 68.1 years | 84.1 years |
| Average age | 25.8 years | 39.7 years |
| Median age | 21.6 years | 37.4 years |
| Male:Female ratio | 50.7:49.3 | 51.7:48.3 |
| Fertility rate | 3.55 births per woman | 0.97 births per woman |
| Population density | 871 ppl/mi² | 22,183 ppl/mi² |
Population map with other countries
Data sources: World Bank | Health (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08); United Nations | World Population Prospects (1960–2026, retrieved 2026-07-08); U.S. Census Bureau (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08); Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) (2000–2019, retrieved 2026-07-08).
GeoRank.org/population/pakistan/singapore | CC BY
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Data sources:
- World Bank | Health (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08)
- United Nations | World Population Prospects (1960–2100, retrieved 2026-07-08)
- U.S. Census Bureau (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08)
- Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) (2000–2019, retrieved 2026-07-08)
- Wikidata (2026, retrieved 2026-07-08)
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