The latest officially reported population of Germany was 83,491,249 in 2025 vs 1,243,741 people in Mauritius in 2025. In 2026, based on the adjusted UN estimation, the current Germany's population is 82,830,814 people compared to 1,240,721 in Mauritius.
Population statistics:
- Germany's population is 66.8 times bigger than Mauritius'.
- Germany is ranked the 19th most populous country in the world, while Mauritius is the 157th.
- The countries together account for 1.01% of the world: 1% for Germany vs 0.01% for Mauritius.
- For the last 10 years, Germany has had an average growth rate of +0.28% per year vs -0.13% in Mauritius.
- Since 2006, the population of Germany has increased from 82.4M people to 82.8M (0.55% growth), while Mauritius has grown from 1.23M to 1.24M (0.54% growth).
Germany vs Mauritius: population by year and forecast
| Year | Population | |
|---|---|---|
Germany
|
Mauritius
|
|
| 2100 | 70,146,161 | 573,815 |
| 2099 | 70,173,117 | 582,097 |
| 2098 | 70,190,154 | 590,562 |
| 2097 | 70,232,280 | 599,251 |
| 2096 | 70,263,255 | 608,134 |
| 2095 | 70,283,735 | 617,230 |
| 2094 | 70,302,573 | 626,529 |
| 2093 | 70,323,445 | 636,052 |
| 2092 | 70,348,937 | 645,739 |
| 2091 | 70,395,388 | 655,617 |
| 2090 | 70,457,276 | 665,663 |
| 2089 | 70,511,311 | 675,889 |
| 2088 | 70,569,930 | 686,240 |
| 2087 | 70,652,555 | 696,717 |
| 2086 | 70,750,166 | 707,360 |
| 2085 | 70,845,939 | 718,105 |
| 2084 | 70,941,592 | 728,910 |
| 2083 | 71,048,352 | 739,778 |
| 2082 | 71,151,552 | 750,765 |
| 2081 | 71,265,511 | 761,750 |
| 2080 | 71,391,537 | 772,748 |
| 2079 | 71,525,977 | 783,786 |
| 2078 | 71,666,350 | 794,837 |
| 2077 | 71,822,464 | 805,918 |
| 2076 | 71,979,354 | 816,942 |
| 2075 | 72,113,812 | 827,927 |
| 2074 | 72,269,519 | 838,911 |
| 2073 | 72,429,361 | 849,873 |
| 2072 | 72,580,006 | 860,821 |
| 2071 | 72,741,929 | 871,644 |
| 2070 | 72,889,095 | 882,518 |
| 2069 | 73,053,471 | 893,282 |
| 2068 | 73,219,511 | 903,984 |
| 2067 | 73,404,631 | 914,668 |
| 2066 | 73,597,022 | 925,317 |
| 2065 | 73,789,056 | 935,999 |
| 2064 | 73,990,123 | 946,603 |
| 2063 | 74,200,211 | 957,115 |
| 2062 | 74,428,152 | 967,627 |
| 2061 | 74,656,161 | 978,076 |
| 2060 | 74,909,139 | 988,500 |
| 2059 | 75,164,141 | 998,838 |
| 2058 | 75,438,769 | 1,009,091 |
| 2057 | 75,716,088 | 1,019,346 |
| 2056 | 75,990,472 | 1,029,601 |
| 2055 | 76,276,550 | 1,039,730 |
| 2054 | 76,561,146 | 1,049,821 |
| 2053 | 76,832,587 | 1,059,876 |
| 2052 | 77,077,503 | 1,069,793 |
| 2051 | 77,322,326 | 1,079,612 |
| 2050 | 77,564,502 | 1,089,300 |
| 2049 | 77,809,519 | 1,098,902 |
| 2048 | 78,059,456 | 1,108,341 |
| 2047 | 78,290,624 | 1,117,590 |
| 2046 | 78,514,805 | 1,126,567 |
| 2045 | 78,740,357 | 1,135,321 |
| 2044 | 78,965,486 | 1,143,708 |
| 2043 | 79,180,563 | 1,151,882 |
| 2042 | 79,374,934 | 1,159,639 |
| 2041 | 79,569,383 | 1,167,107 |
| 2040 | 79,782,613 | 1,174,241 |
| 2039 | 80,001,183 | 1,181,008 |
| 2038 | 80,225,718 | 1,187,347 |
| 2037 | 80,442,136 | 1,193,347 |
| 2036 | 80,673,787 | 1,199,055 |
| 2035 | 80,890,243 | 1,204,453 |
| 2034 | 81,094,641 | 1,209,521 |
| 2033 | 81,319,735 | 1,214,292 |
| 2032 | 81,537,613 | 1,218,727 |
| 2031 | 81,772,282 | 1,222,858 |
| 2030 | 81,989,677 | 1,226,642 |
| 2029 | 82,216,381 | 1,230,401 |
| 2028 | 82,432,092 | 1,234,008 |
| 2027 | 82,638,983 | 1,237,431 |
| 2026 | 82,830,814 | 1,240,721 |
| 2025 | 83,491,249 | 1,243,741 |
| 2024 | 83,516,593 | 1,245,779 |
| 2023 | 83,287,273 | 1,248,647 |
| 2022 | 83,177,813 | 1,262,523 |
| 2021 | 83,196,078 | 1,266,334 |
| 2020 | 83,160,871 | 1,266,014 |
| 2019 | 83,092,962 | 1,265,985 |
| 2018 | 82,905,782 | 1,265,577 |
| 2017 | 82,657,002 | 1,264,887 |
| 2016 | 82,348,669 | 1,263,747 |
| 2015 | 81,686,611 | 1,262,879 |
| 2014 | 80,982,500 | 1,261,208 |
| 2013 | 80,645,605 | 1,258,927 |
| 2012 | 80,425,823 | 1,255,882 |
| 2011 | 80,274,983 | 1,252,404 |
| 2010 | 81,776,930 | 1,250,400 |
| 2009 | 81,902,307 | 1,247,429 |
| 2008 | 82,110,097 | 1,244,121 |
| 2007 | 82,266,372 | 1,239,630 |
| 2006 | 82,376,451 | 1,233,996 |
| 2005 | 82,469,422 | 1,228,254 |
| 2004 | 82,516,260 | 1,221,003 |
| 2003 | 82,534,176 | 1,213,370 |
| 2002 | 82,488,495 | 1,204,621 |
| 2001 | 82,349,925 | 1,196,287 |
| 2000 | 82,211,508 | 1,186,873 |
| 1999 | 82,100,243 | 1,175,267 |
| 1998 | 82,047,195 | 1,160,421 |
| 1997 | 82,034,771 | 1,148,284 |
| 1996 | 81,914,831 | 1,133,996 |
| 1995 | 81,678,051 | 1,122,457 |
| 1994 | 81,438,348 | 1,112,846 |
| 1993 | 81,156,363 | 1,097,374 |
| 1992 | 80,624,598 | 1,084,441 |
| 1991 | 80,013,896 | 1,070,266 |
| 1990 | 79,433,029 | 1,058,775 |
| 1989 | 78,751,283 | 1,051,260 |
| 1988 | 78,144,619 | 1,043,239 |
| 1987 | 77,839,920 | 1,036,082 |
| 1986 | 77,720,436 | 1,028,360 |
| 1985 | 77,684,873 | 1,020,528 |
| 1984 | 77,858,685 | 1,012,221 |
| 1983 | 78,128,282 | 1,001,691 |
| 1982 | 78,333,366 | 992,521 |
| 1981 | 78,407,907 | 980,462 |
| 1980 | 78,288,576 | 966,039 |
| 1979 | 78,126,350 | 949,888 |
| 1978 | 78,091,820 | 933,499 |
| 1977 | 78,159,814 | 921,379 |
| 1976 | 78,336,950 | 906,507 |
| 1975 | 78,673,554 | 892,000 |
| 1974 | 78,967,433 | 878,042 |
| 1973 | 78,936,666 | 864,819 |
| 1972 | 78,688,452 | 852,053 |
| 1971 | 78,312,842 | 839,230 |
| 1970 | 78,169,289 | 826,000 |
| 1969 | 77,909,682 | 812,405 |
| 1968 | 77,294,314 | 798,413 |
| 1967 | 76,951,336 | 783,917 |
| 1966 | 76,600,311 | 768,813 |
| 1965 | 75,963,695 | 753,000 |
| 1964 | 75,318,337 | 736,381 |
| 1963 | 74,714,353 | 718,861 |
| 1962 | 74,025,784 | 700,349 |
| 1961 | 73,377,632 | 680,757 |
| 1960 | 72,814,900 | 680,331 |
Data sources: United Nations | World Population Prospects (2026–2100, retrieved 2026-07-08); World Bank | Health (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08).
GeoRank.org/population/germany/mauritius | CC BY 
From 2006 to 2016, the population of Germany decreased by 27,782 people (a 0.03% decline), while Mauritius gained 29,751 people (a 2.41% growth).
For the next 10 years, from 2016 to 2026, Germany gained 482,145 people (a 0.59% growth), while Mauritius' population decreased by 23,026 people (a 1.82% decline).
Germany was ranked 14th most populous country in 2006 and is 19th in 2026. Mauritius was ranked 151st in 2006 and ranked 157th now.
The UN's World Population Prospects forecasts that in 24 years (in 2050) Germany's population will shrink by 6.36% to 77,564,502 people with a rank change from 19th to 24th. The population of Mauritius will decrease by 12.2% to 1,089,300 people and rank change from 157th to 160th.
Both countries are in a period of decline and in 50 years are projected to lose 13.1% of the population in Germany and 34.2% in Mauritius.
Population growth rate by year
| Year | Growth rate | |
|---|---|---|
|
Germany
|
Mauritius
|
|
| 2100 | -0.04% | -1.42% |
| 2099 | -0.02% | -1.43% |
| 2098 | -0.06% | -1.45% |
| 2097 | -0.04% | -1.46% |
| 2096 | -0.03% | -1.47% |
| 2095 | -0.03% | -1.48% |
| 2094 | -0.03% | -1.5% |
| 2093 | -0.04% | -1.5% |
| 2092 | -0.07% | -1.51% |
| 2091 | -0.09% | -1.51% |
| 2090 | -0.08% | -1.51% |
| 2089 | -0.08% | -1.51% |
| 2088 | -0.12% | -1.5% |
| 2087 | -0.14% | -1.5% |
| 2086 | -0.14% | -1.5% |
| 2085 | -0.13% | -1.48% |
| 2084 | -0.15% | -1.47% |
| 2083 | -0.15% | -1.46% |
| 2082 | -0.16% | -1.44% |
| 2081 | -0.18% | -1.42% |
| 2080 | -0.19% | -1.41% |
| 2079 | -0.2% | -1.39% |
| 2078 | -0.22% | -1.38% |
| 2077 | -0.22% | -1.35% |
| 2076 | -0.19% | -1.33% |
| 2075 | -0.22% | -1.31% |
| 2074 | -0.22% | -1.29% |
| 2073 | -0.21% | -1.27% |
| 2072 | -0.22% | -1.24% |
| 2071 | -0.2% | -1.23% |
| 2070 | -0.23% | -1.21% |
| 2069 | -0.23% | -1.18% |
| 2068 | -0.25% | -1.17% |
| 2067 | -0.26% | -1.15% |
| 2066 | -0.26% | -1.14% |
| 2065 | -0.27% | -1.12% |
| 2064 | -0.28% | -1.1% |
| 2063 | -0.31% | -1.09% |
| 2062 | -0.31% | -1.07% |
| 2061 | -0.34% | -1.05% |
| 2060 | -0.34% | -1.04% |
| 2059 | -0.36% | -1.02% |
| 2058 | -0.37% | -1.01% |
| 2057 | -0.36% | -1% |
| 2056 | -0.38% | -0.97% |
| 2055 | -0.37% | -0.96% |
| 2054 | -0.35% | -0.95% |
| 2053 | -0.32% | -0.93% |
| 2052 | -0.32% | -0.91% |
| 2051 | -0.31% | -0.89% |
| 2050 | -0.31% | -0.87% |
| 2049 | -0.32% | -0.85% |
| 2048 | -0.3% | -0.83% |
| 2047 | -0.29% | -0.8% |
| 2046 | -0.29% | -0.77% |
| 2045 | -0.29% | -0.73% |
| 2044 | -0.27% | -0.71% |
| 2043 | -0.24% | -0.67% |
| 2042 | -0.24% | -0.64% |
| 2041 | -0.27% | -0.61% |
| 2040 | -0.27% | -0.57% |
| 2039 | -0.28% | -0.53% |
| 2038 | -0.27% | -0.5% |
| 2037 | -0.29% | -0.48% |
| 2036 | -0.27% | -0.45% |
| 2035 | -0.25% | -0.42% |
| 2034 | -0.28% | -0.39% |
| 2033 | -0.27% | -0.36% |
| 2032 | -0.29% | -0.34% |
| 2031 | -0.27% | -0.31% |
| 2030 | -0.28% | -0.31% |
| 2029 | -0.26% | -0.29% |
| 2028 | -0.25% | -0.28% |
| 2027 | -0.23% | -0.27% |
| 2026 | -0.79% | -0.24% |
| 2025 | -0.03% | -0.16% |
| 2024 | 0.28% | -0.23% |
| 2023 | 0.13% | -1.1% |
| 2022 | -0.02% | -0.3% |
| 2021 | 0.04% | 0.03% |
| 2020 | 0.08% | 0.002% |
| 2019 | 0.23% | 0.03% |
| 2018 | 0.3% | 0.05% |
| 2017 | 0.37% | 0.09% |
| 2016 | 0.81% | 0.07% |
| 2015 | 0.87% | 0.13% |
| 2014 | 0.42% | 0.18% |
| 2013 | 0.27% | 0.24% |
| 2012 | 0.19% | 0.28% |
| 2011 | -1.84% | 0.16% |
| 2010 | -0.15% | 0.24% |
| 2009 | -0.25% | 0.27% |
| 2008 | -0.19% | 0.36% |
| 2007 | -0.13% | 0.46% |
| 2006 | -0.11% | 0.47% |
| 2005 | -0.06% | 0.59% |
| 2004 | -0.02% | 0.63% |
| 2003 | 0.06% | 0.73% |
| 2002 | 0.17% | 0.7% |
| 2001 | 0.17% | 0.79% |
| 2000 | 0.14% | 0.99% |
| 1999 | 0.06% | 1.28% |
| 1998 | 0.02% | 1.06% |
| 1997 | 0.15% | 1.26% |
| 1996 | 0.29% | 1.03% |
| 1995 | 0.29% | 0.86% |
| 1994 | 0.35% | 1.41% |
| 1993 | 0.66% | 1.19% |
| 1992 | 0.76% | 1.32% |
| 1991 | 0.73% | 1.09% |
| 1990 | 0.87% | 0.71% |
| 1989 | 0.78% | 0.77% |
| 1988 | 0.39% | 0.69% |
| 1987 | 0.15% | 0.75% |
| 1986 | 0.05% | 0.77% |
| 1985 | -0.22% | 0.82% |
| 1984 | -0.35% | 1.05% |
| 1983 | -0.26% | 0.92% |
| 1982 | -0.1% | 1.23% |
| 1981 | 0.15% | 1.49% |
| 1980 | 0.21% | 1.7% |
| 1979 | 0.04% | 1.76% |
| 1978 | -0.09% | 1.32% |
| 1977 | -0.23% | 1.64% |
| 1976 | -0.43% | 1.63% |
| 1975 | -0.37% | 1.59% |
| 1974 | 0.04% | 1.53% |
| 1973 | 0.32% | 1.5% |
| 1972 | 0.48% | 1.53% |
| 1971 | 0.18% | 1.6% |
| 1970 | 0.33% | 1.67% |
| 1969 | 0.8% | 1.75% |
| 1968 | 0.45% | 1.85% |
| 1967 | 0.46% | 1.96% |
| 1966 | 0.84% | 2.1% |
| 1965 | 0.86% | 2.26% |
| 1964 | 0.81% | 2.44% |
| 1963 | 0.93% | 2.64% |
| 1962 | 0.88% | 2.88% |
| 1961 | 0.77% | 0.06% |
Data sources: United Nations | World Population Prospects (2026–2100, retrieved 2026-07-08); World Bank | Health (1961–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08).
GeoRank.org/population/germany/mauritius | CC BY
In 2025, the population of Germany declined by 0.03%, while Mauritius' population declined by 0.16%.
Live population counters
|
Germany
|
Mauritius
|
|
|---|---|---|
| Current population |
82830814
|
1240721
|
| Population rank | 19/197 | 157/197 |
| Percent of world population | 1% | 0.01% |
| One net population change |
20.8 minutes
|
4.31 hours
|
| One birth every |
46.6 seconds
|
41 minutes
|
| One death every |
31.2 seconds
|
42.2 minutes
|
| Daily growth/decline | -69 | -6 |
| Annual growth/decline | -25,344 | -2,038 |
| Annual growth/decline rate | -0.03% | -0.16% |
| Population growth rate rank | 159/197 | 171/197 |
| One migration net change every |
1.58 minutes
|
3.16 hours
|
| Annual migration change | -334,072 | -2,784 |
| Net migration rank | 192/196 | 103/196 |
| Foreign-born residents | 16,750,084 | 29,142 |
| Foreign-born residents rank | 2/195 | 165/195 |
| Foreign-born share of population | 19.8% | 2.3% |
| Foreign-born share rank | 31/195 | 129/195 |
Natural population change vs migration
| Year | Population change | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Germany
|
Mauritius
|
|||
| Natural | Migration | Natural | Migration | |
| 2025 | - | -334,072 | - | -2,784 |
| 2024 | -334,066 | 36,954 | 374 | -2,787 |
| 2023 | -333,149 | 609,553 | 999 | -2,824 |
| 2022 | -324,394 | 981,552 | -757 | -2,824 |
| 2021 | -224,629 | 310,264 | -380 | -4,324 |
| 2020 | -216,218 | 203,468 | 2,406 | -5,895 |
| 2019 | -157,877 | 319,082 | 1,646 | -5,202 |
| 2018 | -165,812 | 403,908 | 2,152 | -5,084 |
| 2017 | -148,783 | 452,988 | 3,289 | -5,322 |
| 2016 | -123,523 | 517,480 | 2,906 | -4,483 |
| 2015 | -187,879 | 1,175,283 | 2,905 | -3,645 |
| 2014 | -153,866 | 592,338 | 3,657 | -3,691 |
| 2013 | -209,679 | 462,384 | 4,281 | -3,617 |
| 2012 | -193,022 | 199,143 | 5,023 | -3,663 |
| 2011 | -184,632 | 295,282 | 5,511 | -2,465 |
| 2010 | -179,909 | 130,116 | 5,877 | -2,624 |
| 2009 | -188,375 | 46,533 | 6,113 | -2,467 |
| 2008 | -164,220 | -23,341 | 7,465 | -2,589 |
| 2007 | -148,080 | -24,772 | 8,429 | -2,642 |
| 2006 | -148,278 | -489,056 | 8,515 | -2,757 |
| 2005 | -148,445 | 81,351 | 10,195 | -2,840 |
| 2004 | -107,271 | 81,735 | 10,745 | -3,001 |
| 2003 | -140,309 | 142,009 | 10,799 | -3,141 |
| 2002 | -123,733 | 218,795 | 11,685 | -3,150 |
| 2001 | -98,820 | 272,875 | 11,723 | -3,225 |
| 2000 | -73,990 | 174,594 | 12,224 | -2,326 |
| 1999 | -73,890 | 219,280 | 12,341 | -1,463 |
| 1998 | -65,637 | -754,469 | 11,489 | -1,292 |
| 1997 | -49,221 | 93,281 | 11,943 | -1,199 |
| 1996 | -90,107 | 281,280 | 13,041 | -1,092 |
| 1995 | -114,349 | 398,077 | 13,020 | -1,144 |
| 1994 | -114,013 | 315,585 | 14,355 | -1,112 |
| 1993 | -105,503 | 462,096 | 14,814 | -1,189 |
| 1992 | -80,625 | 811,606 | 15,833 | -1,254 |
| 1991 | -80,014 | 602,638 | 15,091 | -1,333 |
| 1990 | -15,887 | 679,702 | 15,564 | -1,938 |
| 1989 | -23,625 | 761,002 | 14,718 | -2,463 |
| 1988 | -7,815 | 515,962 | 14,084 | -1,399 |
| 1987 | -31,136 | 174,272 | 13,262 | -300 |
| 1986 | -77,721 | 212,822 | 12,340 | 852 |
| 1985 | -116,527 | 103,556 | 12,451 | 615 |
| 1984 | -109,002 | -150,771 | 13,665 | -258 |
| 1983 | -109,380 | -81,349 | 14,525 | -1,756 |
| 1982 | -78,333 | -58,121 | 15,880 | -2,226 |
| 1981 | -94,090 | 130,713 | 18,334 | -1,559 |
| 1980 | -86,117 | 324,203 | 19,321 | -1,739 |
| 1979 | -125,002 | 237,705 | 19,282 | -2,363 |
| 1978 | -140,566 | 117,167 | 18,670 | -3,129 |
| 1977 | -125,055 | 33,881 | 16,769 | -3,749 |
| 1976 | -164,508 | -79,761 | 16,407 | -3,807 |
| 1975 | -212,418 | -207,740 | 15,342 | -3,869 |
| 1974 | -150,038 | -15,126 | 17,561 | -4,908 |
| 1973 | -149,980 | 386,881 | 13,145 | -2,144 |
| 1972 | -62,950 | 336,015 | 14,825 | -2,408 |
| 1971 | 46,988 | 450,328 | 15,441 | -960 |
| 1970 | 70,352 | -273,498 | 16,190 | -1,281 |
| 1969 | 155,820 | 584,017 | 15,761 | -674 |
| 1968 | 239,612 | 293,307 | 17,884 | -2,445 |
| 1967 | 353,977 | -174,155 | 17,560 | -1,257 |
| 1966 | 405,982 | 134,107 | 20,758 | -4,123 |
| 1965 | 410,204 | 338,258 | 20,482 | -3,597 |
| 1964 | 482,038 | 69,825 | 22,239 | -4,850 |
| 1963 | 455,757 | 205,976 | 22,069 | -5,236 |
| 1962 | 436,752 | 276,505 | 20,660 | -6,107 |
| 1961 | 462,279 | 27,534 | 20,355 | -8,984 |
| 1960 | 385,919 | 212,666 | 19,931 | -7,083 |
Data sources: World Bank | Health (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08).
GeoRank.org/population/germany/mauritius | CC BY
Over the last 10 years, 30.7% of the population change in Germany is from natural causes (a loss of 2,216,330 people) and 69.3% is from migration (a gain of 5,010,532 people). In Mauritius 26.8% is from natural causes (a gain of 15,540 people) and 73.2% is from migration (a loss of 42,390 people).
As of 2024, 16,750,084 residents or 19.8% of the population were not native-born in Germany, compared to 29,142 people or 2.3% in Mauritius.
Biggest cities by population
|
Germany
|
|
|---|---|
| City | Population |
| Berlin | 3.78M |
| Hamburg | 1.91M |
| Munich | 1.51M |
| Cologne | 1.09M |
| Frankfurt | 776K |
| Stuttgart | 633K |
| Dusseldorf | 631K |
| Leipzig | 620K |
| Dortmund | 595K |
| Essen | 587K |
|
Mauritius
|
|
|---|---|
| City | Population |
| Port Louis | 149K |
| Quatre Bornes | 81.8K |
| Curepipe | 77.5K |
| Triolet | 23.4K |
| Goodlands | 20.7K |
| Centre de Flacq | 15.8K |
| Mahebourg | 15.8K |
| Bambous | 15.3K |
Compare countries by 7 more topics
Population differences between Germany and Mauritius
|
Germany
|
Mauritius
|
|
|---|---|---|
| Life expectancy | 81.9 years | 75.4 years |
| Average age | 45.2 years | 39.6 years |
| Median age | 46.5 years | 38.9 years |
| Male:Female ratio | 49.4:50.6 | 49.9:50.1 |
| Fertility rate | 1.36 births per woman | 1.44 births per woman |
| Population density | 614 ppl/mi² | 1,609 ppl/mi² |
Population map with other countries
Data sources: World Bank | Health (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08); United Nations | World Population Prospects (1960–2026, retrieved 2026-07-08); U.S. Census Bureau (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08); Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) (2000–2019, retrieved 2026-07-08).
GeoRank.org/population/germany/mauritius | CC BY
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Data sources:
- World Bank | Health (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08)
- United Nations | World Population Prospects (1960–2100, retrieved 2026-07-08)
- U.S. Census Bureau (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08)
- Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) (2000–2019, retrieved 2026-07-08)
- Wikidata (2026, retrieved 2026-07-08)
Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) — you’re free to copy, share, remix, adapt, and use even commercially as long as you give appropriate credit and clearly indicate if you made changes. Other sources may be subject to different license terms.