The latest officially reported population of Germany was 83,516,593 in 2024 vs 58,952,704 people in Italy in 2024. In 2026, based on the adjusted UN estimation, the current Germany's population is 82,575,542 people compared to 58,562,681 in Italy.
Population statistics:
- Germany's population is 1.41 times bigger than Italy's.
- Germany is ranked the 19th most populous country in the world, while Italy is the 26th.
- The countries together account for 1.7% of the world: 1% for Germany vs 0.71% for Italy.
- For the last 10 years, Germany has had an average growth rate of +0.32% per year vs -0.21% in Italy.
- Since 2006, the population of Germany has increased from 82.4M people to 82.6M (0.24% growth), while Italy has grown from 58.4M to 58.6M (0.28% growth).
Germany vs Italy: population by year and forecast
| Year | Population | |
|---|---|---|
Germany
|
Italy
|
|
| 2100 | 69,929,981 | 35,208,261 |
| 2099 | 69,956,854 | 35,444,989 |
| 2098 | 69,973,838 | 35,676,340 |
| 2097 | 70,015,834 | 35,914,345 |
| 2096 | 70,046,713 | 36,150,501 |
| 2095 | 70,067,131 | 36,386,787 |
| 2094 | 70,085,911 | 36,619,396 |
| 2093 | 70,106,718 | 36,850,181 |
| 2092 | 70,132,132 | 37,089,746 |
| 2091 | 70,178,440 | 37,323,400 |
| 2090 | 70,240,137 | 37,560,976 |
| 2089 | 70,294,005 | 37,802,157 |
| 2088 | 70,352,443 | 38,040,056 |
| 2087 | 70,434,814 | 38,280,439 |
| 2086 | 70,532,124 | 38,517,279 |
| 2085 | 70,627,602 | 38,761,126 |
| 2084 | 70,722,960 | 39,008,873 |
| 2083 | 70,829,392 | 39,255,273 |
| 2082 | 70,932,273 | 39,509,964 |
| 2081 | 71,045,881 | 39,767,732 |
| 2080 | 71,171,519 | 40,030,977 |
| 2079 | 71,305,544 | 40,302,924 |
| 2078 | 71,445,484 | 40,579,648 |
| 2077 | 71,601,117 | 40,860,952 |
| 2076 | 71,757,525 | 41,151,772 |
| 2075 | 71,891,567 | 41,455,646 |
| 2074 | 72,046,795 | 41,779,503 |
| 2073 | 72,206,145 | 42,111,664 |
| 2072 | 72,356,324 | 42,459,257 |
| 2071 | 72,517,749 | 42,814,908 |
| 2070 | 72,664,462 | 43,187,953 |
| 2069 | 72,828,330 | 43,571,469 |
| 2068 | 72,993,859 | 43,964,515 |
| 2067 | 73,178,408 | 44,361,273 |
| 2066 | 73,370,207 | 44,771,926 |
| 2065 | 73,561,648 | 45,197,177 |
| 2064 | 73,762,096 | 45,628,630 |
| 2063 | 73,971,537 | 46,066,216 |
| 2062 | 74,198,775 | 46,517,561 |
| 2061 | 74,426,082 | 46,971,598 |
| 2060 | 74,678,280 | 47,424,830 |
| 2059 | 74,932,496 | 47,879,711 |
| 2058 | 75,206,278 | 48,332,818 |
| 2057 | 75,482,742 | 48,778,066 |
| 2056 | 75,756,281 | 49,222,515 |
| 2055 | 76,041,477 | 49,653,326 |
| 2054 | 76,325,196 | 50,073,600 |
| 2053 | 76,595,801 | 50,488,203 |
| 2052 | 76,839,962 | 50,886,354 |
| 2051 | 77,084,029 | 51,276,616 |
| 2050 | 77,325,459 | 51,663,176 |
| 2049 | 77,569,721 | 52,034,983 |
| 2048 | 77,818,888 | 52,392,012 |
| 2047 | 78,049,343 | 52,745,310 |
| 2046 | 78,272,834 | 53,080,828 |
| 2045 | 78,497,690 | 53,408,660 |
| 2044 | 78,722,126 | 53,723,325 |
| 2043 | 78,936,540 | 54,042,322 |
| 2042 | 79,130,312 | 54,342,628 |
| 2041 | 79,324,161 | 54,629,496 |
| 2040 | 79,536,735 | 54,916,374 |
| 2039 | 79,754,631 | 55,205,078 |
| 2038 | 79,978,474 | 55,481,637 |
| 2037 | 80,194,225 | 55,757,394 |
| 2036 | 80,425,162 | 56,025,224 |
| 2035 | 80,640,951 | 56,295,613 |
| 2034 | 80,844,719 | 56,562,648 |
| 2033 | 81,069,119 | 56,822,364 |
| 2032 | 81,286,326 | 57,078,534 |
| 2031 | 81,520,272 | 57,345,322 |
| 2030 | 81,736,996 | 57,606,120 |
| 2029 | 81,963,002 | 57,851,091 |
| 2028 | 82,178,048 | 58,091,760 |
| 2027 | 82,384,302 | 58,333,039 |
| 2026 | 82,575,542 | 58,562,681 |
| 2025 | 83,233,941 | 58,769,653 |
| 2024 | 83,516,593 | 58,952,704 |
| 2023 | 83,287,273 | 58,984,216 |
| 2022 | 83,177,813 | 59,013,667 |
| 2021 | 83,196,078 | 59,133,173 |
| 2020 | 83,160,871 | 59,438,851 |
| 2019 | 83,092,962 | 59,729,081 |
| 2018 | 82,905,782 | 60,148,658 |
| 2017 | 82,657,002 | 60,002,252 |
| 2016 | 82,348,669 | 60,115,223 |
| 2015 | 81,686,611 | 60,229,605 |
| 2014 | 80,982,500 | 60,320,707 |
| 2013 | 80,645,605 | 60,311,613 |
| 2012 | 80,425,823 | 60,191,247 |
| 2011 | 80,274,983 | 60,026,841 |
| 2010 | 81,776,930 | 59,819,407 |
| 2009 | 81,902,307 | 59,555,454 |
| 2008 | 82,110,097 | 59,211,181 |
| 2007 | 82,266,372 | 58,756,247 |
| 2006 | 82,376,451 | 58,399,861 |
| 2005 | 82,469,422 | 58,166,682 |
| 2004 | 82,516,260 | 57,828,179 |
| 2003 | 82,534,176 | 57,399,184 |
| 2002 | 82,488,495 | 57,089,824 |
| 2001 | 82,349,925 | 56,976,981 |
| 2000 | 82,211,508 | 56,942,108 |
| 1999 | 82,100,243 | 56,916,317 |
| 1998 | 82,047,195 | 56,906,744 |
| 1997 | 82,034,771 | 56,890,372 |
| 1996 | 81,914,831 | 56,860,281 |
| 1995 | 81,678,051 | 56,844,303 |
| 1994 | 81,438,348 | 56,843,400 |
| 1993 | 81,156,363 | 56,831,821 |
| 1992 | 80,624,598 | 56,797,087 |
| 1991 | 80,013,896 | 56,758,521 |
| 1990 | 79,433,029 | 56,719,240 |
| 1989 | 78,751,283 | 56,671,781 |
| 1988 | 78,144,619 | 56,629,288 |
| 1987 | 77,839,920 | 56,601,931 |
| 1986 | 77,720,436 | 56,596,155 |
| 1985 | 77,684,873 | 56,593,071 |
| 1984 | 77,858,685 | 56,576,718 |
| 1983 | 78,128,282 | 56,564,074 |
| 1982 | 78,333,366 | 56,543,548 |
| 1981 | 78,407,907 | 56,501,675 |
| 1980 | 78,288,576 | 56,433,883 |
| 1979 | 78,126,350 | 56,317,749 |
| 1978 | 78,091,820 | 56,155,143 |
| 1977 | 78,159,814 | 55,955,411 |
| 1976 | 78,336,950 | 55,718,260 |
| 1975 | 78,673,554 | 55,441,001 |
| 1974 | 78,967,433 | 55,110,868 |
| 1973 | 78,936,666 | 54,751,406 |
| 1972 | 78,688,452 | 54,381,345 |
| 1971 | 78,312,842 | 54,073,490 |
| 1970 | 78,169,289 | 53,821,850 |
| 1969 | 77,909,682 | 53,537,950 |
| 1968 | 77,294,314 | 53,235,750 |
| 1967 | 76,951,336 | 52,900,500 |
| 1966 | 76,600,311 | 52,519,000 |
| 1965 | 75,963,695 | 52,112,350 |
| 1964 | 75,318,337 | 51,675,350 |
| 1963 | 74,714,353 | 51,252,000 |
| 1962 | 74,025,784 | 50,879,450 |
| 1961 | 73,377,632 | 50,536,350 |
| 1960 | 72,814,900 | 50,199,700 |
Data sources: United Nations | World Population Prospects (2025–2100, retrieved 2026-03-10); World Bank | Health (1960–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06).
GeoRank.org/population/germany/italy | CC BY 
From 2006 to 2016, the population of Germany decreased by 27,782 people (a 0.03% decline), while Italy gained 1,715,362 people (a 2.94% growth).
For the next 10 years, from 2016 to 2026, Germany gained 226,873 people (a 0.28% growth), while Italy's population decreased by 1,552,542 people (a 2.58% decline).
Germany was ranked 14th most populous country in 2006 and is 19th in 2026. Italy was ranked 23rd in 2006 and ranked 26th now.
The UN's World Population Prospects forecasts that in 24 years (in 2050) Germany's population will shrink by 6.36% to 77,325,459 people with a rank change from 19th to 25th. The population of Italy will decrease by 11.8% to 51,663,176 people and rank change from 26th to 40th.
Both countries are in a period of decline and in 50 years are projected to lose 13.1% of the population in Germany and 29.7% in Italy.
Population growth rate by year
| Year | Growth rate | |
|---|---|---|
|
Germany
|
Italy
|
|
| 2100 | -0.04% | -0.67% |
| 2099 | -0.02% | -0.65% |
| 2098 | -0.06% | -0.66% |
| 2097 | -0.04% | -0.65% |
| 2096 | -0.03% | -0.65% |
| 2095 | -0.03% | -0.64% |
| 2094 | -0.03% | -0.63% |
| 2093 | -0.04% | -0.65% |
| 2092 | -0.07% | -0.63% |
| 2091 | -0.09% | -0.63% |
| 2090 | -0.08% | -0.64% |
| 2089 | -0.08% | -0.63% |
| 2088 | -0.12% | -0.63% |
| 2087 | -0.14% | -0.61% |
| 2086 | -0.14% | -0.63% |
| 2085 | -0.13% | -0.64% |
| 2084 | -0.15% | -0.63% |
| 2083 | -0.15% | -0.64% |
| 2082 | -0.16% | -0.65% |
| 2081 | -0.18% | -0.66% |
| 2080 | -0.19% | -0.67% |
| 2079 | -0.2% | -0.68% |
| 2078 | -0.22% | -0.69% |
| 2077 | -0.22% | -0.71% |
| 2076 | -0.19% | -0.73% |
| 2075 | -0.22% | -0.78% |
| 2074 | -0.22% | -0.79% |
| 2073 | -0.21% | -0.82% |
| 2072 | -0.22% | -0.83% |
| 2071 | -0.2% | -0.86% |
| 2070 | -0.23% | -0.88% |
| 2069 | -0.23% | -0.89% |
| 2068 | -0.25% | -0.89% |
| 2067 | -0.26% | -0.92% |
| 2066 | -0.26% | -0.94% |
| 2065 | -0.27% | -0.95% |
| 2064 | -0.28% | -0.95% |
| 2063 | -0.31% | -0.97% |
| 2062 | -0.31% | -0.97% |
| 2061 | -0.34% | -0.96% |
| 2060 | -0.34% | -0.95% |
| 2059 | -0.36% | -0.94% |
| 2058 | -0.37% | -0.91% |
| 2057 | -0.36% | -0.9% |
| 2056 | -0.38% | -0.87% |
| 2055 | -0.37% | -0.84% |
| 2054 | -0.35% | -0.82% |
| 2053 | -0.32% | -0.78% |
| 2052 | -0.32% | -0.76% |
| 2051 | -0.31% | -0.75% |
| 2050 | -0.31% | -0.71% |
| 2049 | -0.32% | -0.68% |
| 2048 | -0.3% | -0.67% |
| 2047 | -0.29% | -0.63% |
| 2046 | -0.29% | -0.61% |
| 2045 | -0.29% | -0.59% |
| 2044 | -0.27% | -0.59% |
| 2043 | -0.24% | -0.55% |
| 2042 | -0.24% | -0.53% |
| 2041 | -0.27% | -0.52% |
| 2040 | -0.27% | -0.52% |
| 2039 | -0.28% | -0.5% |
| 2038 | -0.27% | -0.49% |
| 2037 | -0.29% | -0.48% |
| 2036 | -0.27% | -0.48% |
| 2035 | -0.25% | -0.47% |
| 2034 | -0.28% | -0.46% |
| 2033 | -0.27% | -0.45% |
| 2032 | -0.29% | -0.47% |
| 2031 | -0.27% | -0.45% |
| 2030 | -0.28% | -0.42% |
| 2029 | -0.26% | -0.41% |
| 2028 | -0.25% | -0.41% |
| 2027 | -0.23% | -0.39% |
| 2026 | -0.79% | -0.35% |
| 2025 | -0.34% | -0.31% |
| 2024 | 0.28% | -0.05% |
| 2023 | 0.13% | -0.05% |
| 2022 | -0.02% | -0.2% |
| 2021 | 0.04% | -0.51% |
| 2020 | 0.08% | -0.49% |
| 2019 | 0.23% | -0.7% |
| 2018 | 0.3% | 0.24% |
| 2017 | 0.37% | -0.19% |
| 2016 | 0.81% | -0.19% |
| 2015 | 0.87% | -0.15% |
| 2014 | 0.42% | 0.02% |
| 2013 | 0.27% | 0.2% |
| 2012 | 0.19% | 0.27% |
| 2011 | -1.84% | 0.35% |
| 2010 | -0.15% | 0.44% |
| 2009 | -0.25% | 0.58% |
| 2008 | -0.19% | 0.77% |
| 2007 | -0.13% | 0.61% |
| 2006 | -0.11% | 0.4% |
| 2005 | -0.06% | 0.59% |
| 2004 | -0.02% | 0.75% |
| 2003 | 0.06% | 0.54% |
| 2002 | 0.17% | 0.2% |
| 2001 | 0.17% | 0.06% |
| 2000 | 0.14% | 0.05% |
| 1999 | 0.06% | 0.02% |
| 1998 | 0.02% | 0.03% |
| 1997 | 0.15% | 0.05% |
| 1996 | 0.29% | 0.03% |
| 1995 | 0.29% | 0.002% |
| 1994 | 0.35% | 0.02% |
| 1993 | 0.66% | 0.06% |
| 1992 | 0.76% | 0.07% |
| 1991 | 0.73% | 0.07% |
| 1990 | 0.87% | 0.08% |
| 1989 | 0.78% | 0.08% |
| 1988 | 0.39% | 0.05% |
| 1987 | 0.15% | 0.01% |
| 1986 | 0.05% | 0.005% |
| 1985 | -0.22% | 0.03% |
| 1984 | -0.35% | 0.02% |
| 1983 | -0.26% | 0.04% |
| 1982 | -0.1% | 0.07% |
| 1981 | 0.15% | 0.12% |
| 1980 | 0.21% | 0.21% |
| 1979 | 0.04% | 0.29% |
| 1978 | -0.09% | 0.36% |
| 1977 | -0.23% | 0.43% |
| 1976 | -0.43% | 0.5% |
| 1975 | -0.37% | 0.6% |
| 1974 | 0.04% | 0.66% |
| 1973 | 0.32% | 0.68% |
| 1972 | 0.48% | 0.57% |
| 1971 | 0.18% | 0.47% |
| 1970 | 0.33% | 0.53% |
| 1969 | 0.8% | 0.57% |
| 1968 | 0.45% | 0.63% |
| 1967 | 0.46% | 0.73% |
| 1966 | 0.84% | 0.78% |
| 1965 | 0.86% | 0.85% |
| 1964 | 0.81% | 0.83% |
| 1963 | 0.93% | 0.73% |
| 1962 | 0.88% | 0.68% |
| 1961 | 0.77% | 0.67% |
Data sources: United Nations | World Population Prospects (2025–2100, retrieved 2026-03-10); World Bank | Health (1961–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06).
GeoRank.org/population/germany/italy | CC BY
In 2024, the population of Germany grew by 0.28%, while Italy's population declined by 0.05%.
Live population counters
|
Germany
|
Italy
|
|
|---|---|---|
| Current population |
82575542
|
58562681
|
| Population rank | 19/197 | 26/197 |
| Percent of world population | 1% | 0.71% |
| One net population change |
2.29 minutes
|
16.7 minutes
|
| One birth every |
45.6 seconds
|
1.39 minutes
|
| One death every |
30.8 seconds
|
47.7 seconds
|
| Daily growth/decline | +628 | -86 |
| Annual growth/decline | +229,320 | -31,512 |
| Annual growth/decline rate | +0.28% | -0.05% |
| Population growth rate rank | 151/197 | 170/197 |
| One migration net change every |
1.58 minutes
|
6.99 minutes
|
| Annual migration change | -334,072 | +75,448 |
| Net migration rank | 192/196 | 19/196 |
| Foreign-born residents | 16,750,084 | 6,553,671 |
| Foreign-born residents rank | 2/195 | 12/195 |
| Foreign-born share of population | 19.8% | 11% |
| Foreign-born share rank | 31/195 | 59/195 |
Natural population change vs migration
| Year | Population change | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Germany
|
Italy
|
|||
| Natural | Migration | Natural | Migration | |
| 2025 | - | -334,072 | - | 75,448 |
| 2024 | - | 36,954 | - | 95,246 |
| 2023 | -333,149 | 609,553 | -283,125 | 150,189 |
| 2022 | -324,394 | 981,552 | -318,674 | 231,228 |
| 2021 | -224,629 | 310,264 | -301,579 | 157,327 |
| 2020 | -216,218 | 203,468 | -338,801 | 85,281 |
| 2019 | -157,877 | 319,082 | -215,025 | 46,634 |
| 2018 | -165,812 | 403,908 | -192,475 | 83,686 |
| 2017 | -148,783 | 452,988 | -192,007 | 95,147 |
| 2016 | -123,523 | 517,480 | -138,265 | 84,568 |
| 2015 | -187,879 | 1,175,283 | -162,620 | 39,389 |
| 2014 | -153,866 | 592,338 | -96,513 | 52,679 |
| 2013 | -209,679 | 462,384 | -90,468 | 158,090 |
| 2012 | -193,022 | 199,143 | -78,248 | 252,524 |
| 2011 | -184,632 | 295,282 | -48,021 | 198,544 |
| 2010 | -179,909 | 130,116 | -23,928 | 274,387 |
| 2009 | -188,375 | 46,533 | -17,866 | 283,676 |
| 2008 | -164,220 | -23,341 | -11,842 | 422,534 |
| 2007 | -148,080 | -24,772 | -5,876 | 495,092 |
| 2006 | -148,278 | -489,056 | 0 | 215,995 |
| 2005 | -148,445 | 81,351 | -17,450 | 258,702 |
| 2004 | -107,271 | 81,735 | 11,566 | 417,970 |
| 2003 | -140,309 | 142,009 | -40,179 | 478,578 |
| 2002 | -123,733 | 218,795 | -22,836 | 223,861 |
| 2001 | -98,820 | 272,875 | -11,396 | 48,903 |
| 2000 | -73,990 | 174,594 | -17,082 | 56,065 |
| 1999 | -73,890 | 219,280 | -22,766 | 54,405 |
| 1998 | -65,637 | -754,469 | -39,835 | 67,985 |
| 1997 | -49,221 | 93,281 | -22,756 | 50,539 |
| 1996 | -90,107 | 281,280 | -22,744 | 53,450 |
| 1995 | -114,349 | 398,077 | -34,107 | -460,287 |
| 1994 | -114,013 | 315,585 | -17,053 | 502,750 |
| 1993 | -105,503 | 462,096 | 0 | 24,321 |
| 1992 | -80,625 | 811,606 | 22,718 | 51,747 |
| 1991 | -80,014 | 602,638 | 11,352 | 19,721 |
| 1990 | -15,887 | 679,702 | 22,688 | 35,317 |
| 1989 | -23,625 | 761,002 | 28,336 | 19,540 |
| 1988 | -7,815 | 515,962 | 33,977 | 18,553 |
| 1987 | -31,136 | 174,272 | 16,980 | 7,825 |
| 1986 | -77,721 | 212,822 | 11,319 | -6,206 |
| 1985 | -116,527 | 103,556 | 28,297 | 6,911 |
| 1984 | -109,002 | -150,771 | 50,919 | 203 |
| 1983 | -109,380 | -81,349 | 33,939 | -3,733 |
| 1982 | -78,333 | -58,121 | 79,161 | -24,223 |
| 1981 | -94,090 | 130,713 | 73,452 | 7,182 |
| 1980 | -86,117 | 324,203 | 84,650 | 295,642 |
| 1979 | -125,002 | 237,705 | 129,531 | 42,637 |
| 1978 | -140,566 | 117,167 | 168,465 | 43,932 |
| 1977 | -125,055 | 33,881 | 190,248 | 42,246 |
| 1976 | -164,508 | -79,761 | 228,445 | 40,885 |
| 1975 | -212,418 | -207,740 | 271,660 | 43,051 |
| 1974 | -150,038 | -15,126 | 336,176 | 42,487 |
| 1973 | -149,980 | 386,881 | 328,508 | 41,631 |
| 1972 | -62,950 | 336,015 | 364,355 | 43,182 |
| 1971 | 46,988 | 450,328 | 383,922 | -58,627 |
| 1970 | 70,352 | -273,498 | 376,753 | -62,216 |
| 1969 | 155,820 | 584,017 | 390,827 | -45,346 |
| 1968 | 239,612 | 293,307 | 399,268 | -50,149 |
| 1967 | 353,977 | -174,155 | 439,074 | -37,992 |
| 1966 | 405,982 | 134,107 | 488,427 | -35,352 |
| 1965 | 410,204 | 338,258 | 474,222 | -36,267 |
| 1964 | 482,038 | 69,825 | 527,089 | -27,368 |
| 1963 | 455,757 | 205,976 | 440,767 | -28,198 |
| 1962 | 436,752 | 276,505 | 427,387 | -25,840 |
| 1961 | 462,279 | 27,534 | 459,880 | -129,761 |
| 1960 | 385,919 | 212,666 | 426,697 | -140,765 |
Data sources: World Bank | Health (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-04-06).
GeoRank.org/population/germany/italy | CC BY
Over the last 10 years, 26.8% of the population change in Germany is from natural causes (a loss of 2,036,130 people) and 73.2% is from migration (a gain of 5,565,916 people). In Italy 68.6% is from natural causes (a loss of 2,239,084 people) and 31.4% is from migration (a gain of 1,026,128 people).
As of 2024, 16,750,084 residents or 19.8% of the population were not native-born in Germany, compared to 6,553,671 people or 11% in Italy.
Biggest cities by population
|
Germany
|
|
|---|---|
| City | Population |
| Berlin | 3.78M |
| Hamburg | 1.91M |
| Munich | 1.51M |
| Cologne | 1.09M |
| Frankfurt | 776K |
| Stuttgart | 633K |
| Dusseldorf | 631K |
| Leipzig | 620K |
| Dortmund | 595K |
| Essen | 587K |
|
Italy
|
|
|---|---|
| City | Population |
| Rome | 2.75M |
| Milan | 1.35M |
| Naples | 913K |
| Turin | 842K |
| Palermo | 630K |
| Genoa | 559K |
| Bologna | 388K |
| Florence | 361K |
| Bari | 315K |
| Catania | 312K |
Compare countries by 7 more topics
Population differences between Germany and Italy
|
Germany
|
Italy
|
|
|---|---|---|
| Life expectancy | 81.9 years | 84.2 years |
| Average age | 45 years | 46.5 years |
| Median age | 46.3 years | 48.8 years |
| Male:Female ratio | 49.4:50.6 | 48.9:51.1 |
| Fertility rate | 1.39 births per woman | 1.2 births per woman |
| Population density | 612 ppl/mi² | 513 ppl/mi² |
Population map with other countries
Data sources: World Bank | Health (1960–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06); United Nations | World Population Prospects (1960–2026, retrieved 2026-03-10); U.S. Census Bureau (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-02-08); Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) (2000–2019, retrieved 2026-02-20).
GeoRank.org/population/germany/italy | CC BY
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Data sources:
- World Bank | Health (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-04-06)
- United Nations | World Population Prospects (1960–2100, retrieved 2026-03-10)
- U.S. Census Bureau (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-02-08)
- Wikidata (2026, retrieved 2026-02-08)
- Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) (2000–2019, retrieved 2026-02-20)
Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) — you’re free to copy, share, remix, adapt, and use even commercially as long as you give appropriate credit and clearly indicate if you made changes. Other sources may be subject to different license terms.