The latest officially reported population of Cyprus was 1,370,754 in 2025 vs 68,720,337 people in France in 2025. In 2026, based on the adjusted UN estimation, the current Cyprus' population is 1,388,591 people compared to 68,871,753 in France.
Population statistics:
- France's population is 49.6 times bigger than Cyprus'.
- Cyprus is ranked the 153rd most populous country in the world, while France is the 23rd.
- The countries together account for 0.85% of the world: 0.02% for Cyprus vs 0.83% for France.
- For the last 10 years, Cyprus has had an average growth rate of +1.2% per year vs +0.32% in France.
- Since 2006, the population of Cyprus has increased from 1.05M people to 1.39M (31.7% growth), while France has grown from 63.6M to 68.9M (8.25% growth).
Cyprus vs France: population by year and forecast
| Year | Population | |
|---|---|---|
Cyprus
|
France
|
|
| 2100 | 1,283,181 | 70,675,442 |
| 2099 | 1,287,570 | 70,692,029 |
| 2098 | 1,292,056 | 70,701,942 |
| 2097 | 1,296,289 | 70,707,028 |
| 2096 | 1,300,568 | 70,713,643 |
| 2095 | 1,305,022 | 70,707,277 |
| 2094 | 1,309,260 | 70,691,394 |
| 2093 | 1,313,510 | 70,665,663 |
| 2092 | 1,318,276 | 70,643,058 |
| 2091 | 1,323,176 | 70,615,655 |
| 2090 | 1,328,372 | 70,582,877 |
| 2089 | 1,333,926 | 70,549,228 |
| 2088 | 1,339,663 | 70,510,136 |
| 2087 | 1,345,688 | 70,470,494 |
| 2086 | 1,352,381 | 70,427,922 |
| 2085 | 1,359,249 | 70,390,427 |
| 2084 | 1,366,262 | 70,348,036 |
| 2083 | 1,373,388 | 70,296,271 |
| 2082 | 1,380,674 | 70,255,426 |
| 2081 | 1,388,438 | 70,210,373 |
| 2080 | 1,396,340 | 70,169,003 |
| 2079 | 1,404,185 | 70,127,568 |
| 2078 | 1,412,011 | 70,087,269 |
| 2077 | 1,419,938 | 70,045,257 |
| 2076 | 1,427,533 | 70,001,871 |
| 2075 | 1,435,260 | 69,959,255 |
| 2074 | 1,442,958 | 69,924,120 |
| 2073 | 1,450,436 | 69,892,712 |
| 2072 | 1,457,731 | 69,866,697 |
| 2071 | 1,464,269 | 69,838,818 |
| 2070 | 1,470,595 | 69,826,471 |
| 2069 | 1,476,665 | 69,816,539 |
| 2068 | 1,482,515 | 69,818,570 |
| 2067 | 1,487,835 | 69,826,386 |
| 2066 | 1,492,461 | 69,835,591 |
| 2065 | 1,496,680 | 69,856,319 |
| 2064 | 1,500,500 | 69,880,666 |
| 2063 | 1,503,978 | 69,910,009 |
| 2062 | 1,507,183 | 69,948,667 |
| 2061 | 1,509,412 | 69,988,307 |
| 2060 | 1,511,258 | 70,030,670 |
| 2059 | 1,512,632 | 70,076,337 |
| 2058 | 1,514,003 | 70,119,195 |
| 2057 | 1,514,945 | 70,164,701 |
| 2056 | 1,515,448 | 70,208,938 |
| 2055 | 1,515,897 | 70,258,544 |
| 2054 | 1,516,285 | 70,298,466 |
| 2053 | 1,516,548 | 70,332,664 |
| 2052 | 1,516,590 | 70,357,980 |
| 2051 | 1,515,714 | 70,383,190 |
| 2050 | 1,514,572 | 70,398,057 |
| 2049 | 1,513,361 | 70,407,335 |
| 2048 | 1,511,770 | 70,406,135 |
| 2047 | 1,509,966 | 70,394,515 |
| 2046 | 1,507,828 | 70,376,409 |
| 2045 | 1,505,560 | 70,345,569 |
| 2044 | 1,502,982 | 70,306,509 |
| 2043 | 1,500,202 | 70,260,348 |
| 2042 | 1,497,068 | 70,199,353 |
| 2041 | 1,493,461 | 70,133,877 |
| 2040 | 1,489,350 | 70,067,958 |
| 2039 | 1,484,816 | 69,998,706 |
| 2038 | 1,479,805 | 69,920,456 |
| 2037 | 1,474,608 | 69,831,930 |
| 2036 | 1,468,682 | 69,743,406 |
| 2035 | 1,462,586 | 69,651,629 |
| 2034 | 1,455,933 | 69,558,099 |
| 2033 | 1,448,737 | 69,468,319 |
| 2032 | 1,440,975 | 69,377,856 |
| 2031 | 1,433,020 | 69,288,525 |
| 2030 | 1,424,176 | 69,197,981 |
| 2029 | 1,414,988 | 69,104,114 |
| 2028 | 1,404,963 | 69,012,886 |
| 2027 | 1,394,017 | 68,917,613 |
| 2026 | 1,382,861 | 68,823,318 |
| 2025 | 1,370,754 | 68,720,337 |
| 2024 | 1,358,282 | 68,551,653 |
| 2023 | 1,344,976 | 68,372,286 |
| 2022 | 1,331,370 | 68,184,457 |
| 2021 | 1,317,309 | 67,842,811 |
| 2020 | 1,302,247 | 67,601,110 |
| 2019 | 1,286,671 | 67,382,061 |
| 2018 | 1,270,737 | 67,158,348 |
| 2017 | 1,254,275 | 66,918,020 |
| 2016 | 1,237,112 | 66,724,104 |
| 2015 | 1,219,502 | 66,548,272 |
| 2014 | 1,201,801 | 66,312,067 |
| 2013 | 1,183,895 | 65,997,932 |
| 2012 | 1,165,397 | 65,657,659 |
| 2011 | 1,146,493 | 65,340,830 |
| 2010 | 1,127,816 | 65,026,211 |
| 2009 | 1,109,371 | 64,706,436 |
| 2008 | 1,091,026 | 64,375,116 |
| 2007 | 1,072,714 | 64,016,890 |
| 2006 | 1,054,418 | 63,622,342 |
| 2005 | 1,036,151 | 63,180,854 |
| 2004 | 1,017,875 | 62,707,588 |
| 2003 | 999,590 | 62,249,855 |
| 2002 | 981,440 | 61,812,142 |
| 2001 | 964,127 | 61,364,377 |
| 2000 | 947,667 | 60,918,661 |
| 1999 | 931,234 | 60,501,986 |
| 1998 | 914,548 | 60,190,684 |
| 1997 | 897,568 | 59,968,066 |
| 1996 | 880,290 | 59,754,504 |
| 1995 | 862,695 | 59,541,294 |
| 1994 | 844,667 | 59,324,863 |
| 1993 | 826,034 | 59,103,094 |
| 1992 | 810,341 | 58,846,584 |
| 1991 | 798,944 | 58,554,242 |
| 1990 | 788,351 | 58,261,012 |
| 1989 | 777,420 | 57,943,062 |
| 1988 | 766,235 | 57,598,186 |
| 1987 | 754,785 | 57,266,167 |
| 1986 | 743,105 | 56,956,002 |
| 1985 | 731,277 | 56,665,619 |
| 1984 | 719,334 | 56,383,085 |
| 1983 | 707,225 | 56,108,330 |
| 1982 | 696,497 | 55,806,789 |
| 1981 | 688,893 | 55,603,353 |
| 1980 | 683,076 | 55,274,184 |
| 1979 | 677,549 | 54,979,851 |
| 1978 | 672,249 | 54,734,030 |
| 1977 | 667,101 | 54,486,467 |
| 1976 | 662,032 | 54,232,383 |
| 1975 | 659,405 | 54,002,853 |
| 1974 | 663,254 | 53,746,571 |
| 1973 | 665,937 | 53,392,161 |
| 1972 | 661,063 | 52,962,356 |
| 1971 | 654,050 | 52,499,553 |
| 1970 | 647,446 | 52,007,169 |
| 1969 | 641,189 | 51,536,014 |
| 1968 | 635,157 | 51,112,980 |
| 1967 | 629,251 | 50,722,791 |
| 1966 | 623,390 | 50,311,637 |
| 1965 | 617,736 | 49,877,725 |
| 1964 | 612,521 | 49,401,492 |
| 1963 | 607,252 | 48,877,567 |
| 1962 | 601,466 | 48,389,516 |
| 1961 | 595,514 | 47,905,982 |
| 1960 | 586,490 | 47,412,964 |
Data sources: United Nations | World Population Prospects (2026–2100, retrieved 2026-07-08); World Bank | Health (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08).
GeoRank.org/population/cyprus/france | CC BY 
From 2006 to 2016, the population of Cyprus increased by 182,694 people (a 17.3% growth), while France gained 3,101,762 people (a 4.88% growth).
For the next 10 years, from 2016 to 2026, Cyprus gained 151,479 people (a 12.2% growth), while France's population increased by 2,147,649 people (a 3.22% growth).
Cyprus was ranked 153rd most populous country in 2006 and is still 153rd in 2026. France was ranked 20th in 2006 and ranked 23rd now.
The UN's World Population Prospects forecasts that in 24 years (in 2050) Cyprus' population will grow by 9.07% to 1,514,572 people and will still be ranked 153rd. The population of France will increase by 2.22% to 70,398,057 people and rank change from 23rd to 30th.
Cyprus is projected to reach its peak in 2052 at 1.52M people compared to the peak of 70.7M people in 2096 for France.
Population growth rate by year
| Year | Growth rate | |
|---|---|---|
|
Cyprus
|
France
|
|
| 2100 | -0.34% | -0.02% |
| 2099 | -0.35% | -0.01% |
| 2098 | -0.33% | -0.007% |
| 2097 | -0.33% | -0.009% |
| 2096 | -0.34% | 0.009% |
| 2095 | -0.32% | 0.02% |
| 2094 | -0.32% | 0.04% |
| 2093 | -0.36% | 0.03% |
| 2092 | -0.37% | 0.04% |
| 2091 | -0.39% | 0.05% |
| 2090 | -0.42% | 0.05% |
| 2089 | -0.43% | 0.06% |
| 2088 | -0.45% | 0.06% |
| 2087 | -0.49% | 0.06% |
| 2086 | -0.51% | 0.05% |
| 2085 | -0.51% | 0.06% |
| 2084 | -0.52% | 0.07% |
| 2083 | -0.53% | 0.06% |
| 2082 | -0.56% | 0.06% |
| 2081 | -0.57% | 0.06% |
| 2080 | -0.56% | 0.06% |
| 2079 | -0.55% | 0.06% |
| 2078 | -0.56% | 0.06% |
| 2077 | -0.53% | 0.06% |
| 2076 | -0.54% | 0.06% |
| 2075 | -0.53% | 0.05% |
| 2074 | -0.52% | 0.04% |
| 2073 | -0.5% | 0.04% |
| 2072 | -0.45% | 0.04% |
| 2071 | -0.43% | 0.02% |
| 2070 | -0.41% | 0.01% |
| 2069 | -0.39% | -0.003% |
| 2068 | -0.36% | -0.01% |
| 2067 | -0.31% | -0.01% |
| 2066 | -0.28% | -0.03% |
| 2065 | -0.25% | -0.03% |
| 2064 | -0.23% | -0.04% |
| 2063 | -0.21% | -0.06% |
| 2062 | -0.15% | -0.06% |
| 2061 | -0.12% | -0.06% |
| 2060 | -0.09% | -0.07% |
| 2059 | -0.09% | -0.06% |
| 2058 | -0.06% | -0.06% |
| 2057 | -0.03% | -0.06% |
| 2056 | -0.03% | -0.07% |
| 2055 | -0.03% | -0.06% |
| 2054 | -0.02% | -0.05% |
| 2053 | -0.003% | -0.04% |
| 2052 | 0.06% | -0.04% |
| 2051 | 0.08% | -0.02% |
| 2050 | 0.08% | -0.01% |
| 2049 | 0.11% | 0.002% |
| 2048 | 0.12% | 0.02% |
| 2047 | 0.14% | 0.03% |
| 2046 | 0.15% | 0.04% |
| 2045 | 0.17% | 0.06% |
| 2044 | 0.19% | 0.07% |
| 2043 | 0.21% | 0.09% |
| 2042 | 0.24% | 0.09% |
| 2041 | 0.28% | 0.09% |
| 2040 | 0.31% | 0.1% |
| 2039 | 0.34% | 0.11% |
| 2038 | 0.35% | 0.13% |
| 2037 | 0.4% | 0.13% |
| 2036 | 0.42% | 0.13% |
| 2035 | 0.46% | 0.13% |
| 2034 | 0.5% | 0.13% |
| 2033 | 0.54% | 0.13% |
| 2032 | 0.56% | 0.13% |
| 2031 | 0.62% | 0.13% |
| 2030 | 0.65% | 0.14% |
| 2029 | 0.71% | 0.13% |
| 2028 | 0.79% | 0.14% |
| 2027 | 0.81% | 0.14% |
| 2026 | 0.88% | 0.15% |
| 2025 | 0.92% | 0.25% |
| 2024 | 0.99% | 0.26% |
| 2023 | 1.02% | 0.28% |
| 2022 | 1.07% | 0.5% |
| 2021 | 1.16% | 0.36% |
| 2020 | 1.21% | 0.33% |
| 2019 | 1.25% | 0.33% |
| 2018 | 1.31% | 0.36% |
| 2017 | 1.39% | 0.29% |
| 2016 | 1.44% | 0.26% |
| 2015 | 1.47% | 0.36% |
| 2014 | 1.51% | 0.48% |
| 2013 | 1.59% | 0.52% |
| 2012 | 1.65% | 0.48% |
| 2011 | 1.66% | 0.48% |
| 2010 | 1.66% | 0.49% |
| 2009 | 1.68% | 0.51% |
| 2008 | 1.71% | 0.56% |
| 2007 | 1.74% | 0.62% |
| 2006 | 1.76% | 0.7% |
| 2005 | 1.8% | 0.75% |
| 2004 | 1.83% | 0.74% |
| 2003 | 1.85% | 0.71% |
| 2002 | 1.8% | 0.73% |
| 2001 | 1.74% | 0.73% |
| 2000 | 1.76% | 0.69% |
| 1999 | 1.82% | 0.52% |
| 1998 | 1.89% | 0.37% |
| 1997 | 1.96% | 0.36% |
| 1996 | 2.04% | 0.36% |
| 1995 | 2.13% | 0.36% |
| 1994 | 2.26% | 0.38% |
| 1993 | 1.94% | 0.44% |
| 1992 | 1.43% | 0.5% |
| 1991 | 1.34% | 0.5% |
| 1990 | 1.41% | 0.55% |
| 1989 | 1.46% | 0.6% |
| 1988 | 1.52% | 0.58% |
| 1987 | 1.57% | 0.54% |
| 1986 | 1.62% | 0.51% |
| 1985 | 1.66% | 0.5% |
| 1984 | 1.71% | 0.49% |
| 1983 | 1.54% | 0.54% |
| 1982 | 1.1% | 0.37% |
| 1981 | 0.85% | 0.6% |
| 1980 | 0.82% | 0.54% |
| 1979 | 0.79% | 0.45% |
| 1978 | 0.77% | 0.45% |
| 1977 | 0.77% | 0.47% |
| 1976 | 0.4% | 0.43% |
| 1975 | -0.58% | 0.48% |
| 1974 | -0.4% | 0.66% |
| 1973 | 0.74% | 0.81% |
| 1972 | 1.07% | 0.88% |
| 1971 | 1.02% | 0.95% |
| 1970 | 0.98% | 0.91% |
| 1969 | 0.95% | 0.83% |
| 1968 | 0.94% | 0.77% |
| 1967 | 0.94% | 0.82% |
| 1966 | 0.92% | 0.87% |
| 1965 | 0.85% | 0.96% |
| 1964 | 0.87% | 1.07% |
| 1963 | 0.96% | 1.01% |
| 1962 | 1% | 1.01% |
| 1961 | 1.54% | 1.04% |
Data sources: United Nations | World Population Prospects (2026–2100, retrieved 2026-07-08); World Bank | Health (1961–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08).
GeoRank.org/population/cyprus/france | CC BY
In 2025, the population of Cyprus grew by 0.92%, while France's population grew by 0.25%.
Live population counters
|
Cyprus
|
France
|
|
|---|---|---|
| Current population |
1388591
|
68871753
|
| Population rank | 153/197 | 23/197 |
| Percent of world population | 0.02% | 0.83% |
| One net population change |
42.3 minutes
|
3.12 minutes
|
| One birth every |
36.8 minutes
|
47.4 seconds
|
| One death every |
55.2 minutes
|
48.9 seconds
|
| Daily growth/decline | +34 | +462 |
| Annual growth/decline | +12,472 | +168,684 |
| Annual growth/decline rate | +0.92% | +0.25% |
| Population growth rate rank | 104/197 | 149/197 |
| One migration net change every |
1.13 hours
|
5.75 minutes
|
| Annual migration change | +7,749 | +91,737 |
| Net migration rank | 46/196 | 18/196 |
| Foreign-born residents | 202,062 | 9,186,757 |
| Foreign-born residents rank | 111/195 | 5/195 |
| Foreign-born share of population | 14.9% | 13.8% |
| Foreign-born share rank | 42/195 | 49/195 |
Natural population change vs migration
| Year | Population change | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Cyprus
|
France
|
|||
| Natural | Migration | Natural | Migration | |
| 2025 | - | 7,749 | - | 91,737 |
| 2024 | 4,756 | 8,138 | 20,566 | 90,527 |
| 2023 | 5,025 | 8,697 | 34,186 | 91,862 |
| 2022 | 4,466 | 9,014 | 54,547 | 179,377 |
| 2021 | 5,305 | 9,341 | 74,627 | 131,465 |
| 2020 | 5,826 | 9,653 | 67,602 | 145,593 |
| 2019 | 5,679 | 9,983 | 141,503 | 71,972 |
| 2018 | 5,905 | 10,311 | 147,749 | 132,925 |
| 2017 | 6,082 | 10,632 | 160,604 | 102,984 |
| 2016 | 6,643 | 10,951 | 193,500 | 15,548 |
| 2015 | 6,340 | 11,277 | 206,300 | -345 |
| 2014 | 6,193 | 11,599 | 265,248 | 52,342 |
| 2013 | 6,116 | 11,914 | 244,192 | 116,297 |
| 2012 | 6,726 | 12,237 | 256,065 | 103,287 |
| 2011 | 6,271 | 12,566 | 280,966 | 70,178 |
| 2010 | 6,723 | 11,793 | 286,116 | 52,644 |
| 2009 | 6,820 | 11,555 | 278,238 | 58,032 |
| 2008 | 6,429 | 11,887 | 283,250 | 79,528 |
| 2007 | 5,983 | 12,332 | 288,076 | 91,973 |
| 2006 | 6,166 | 12,110 | 305,387 | 132,512 |
| 2005 | 5,646 | 12,616 | 271,677 | 191,417 |
| 2004 | 5,705 | 12,583 | 282,185 | 200,629 |
| 2003 | 5,484 | 12,786 | 230,325 | 195,616 |
| 2002 | 5,225 | 12,814 | 253,430 | 191,373 |
| 2001 | 5,308 | 11,283 | 263,867 | 179,476 |
| 2000 | 5,570 | 10,753 | 268,042 | 171,637 |
| 1999 | 5,524 | 11,023 | 229,907 | 169,448 |
| 1998 | 5,879 | 10,942 | 222,705 | 20,216 |
| 1997 | 6,444 | 10,696 | 215,885 | -15,255 |
| 1996 | 6,911 | 10,506 | 221,092 | -21,463 |
| 1995 | 7,226 | 10,549 | 220,303 | -17,128 |
| 1994 | 7,973 | 10,305 | 201,704 | -4,232 |
| 1993 | 8,463 | 10,520 | 224,592 | 16,892 |
| 1992 | 9,844 | 2,562 | 229,502 | 61,964 |
| 1991 | 9,102 | 1,294 | 234,216 | 35,201 |
| 1990 | 9,417 | 1,371 | 238,870 | 43,323 |
| 1989 | 9,156 | 1,903 | 243,361 | 82,052 |
| 1988 | 9,595 | 1,727 | 247,672 | 69,935 |
| 1987 | 9,114 | 2,465 | 251,971 | 59,890 |
| 1986 | 9,412 | 2,362 | 250,606 | 51,642 |
| 1985 | 9,242 | 2,647 | 249,328 | 66,149 |
| 1984 | 9,516 | 2,485 | 248,086 | 76,175 |
| 1983 | 9,318 | 2,899 | 235,655 | 88,166 |
| 1982 | 9,282 | -46 | 234,389 | 81,084 |
| 1981 | 7,135 | -1,171 | 222,414 | 69,365 |
| 1980 | 7,954 | -2,284 | 210,042 | 54,718 |
| 1979 | 6,620 | -1,232 | 208,923 | 34,295 |
| 1978 | 5,949 | -735 | 213,462 | 18,692 |
| 1977 | 5,607 | -521 | 217,946 | 44,918 |
| 1976 | 6,546 | -1,496 | 227,776 | 59,515 |
| 1975 | 5,023 | -4,820 | 248,413 | 16,139 |
| 1974 | 321 | -8,220 | 268,733 | 26,203 |
| 1973 | 5,405 | -2,877 | 282,979 | 103,910 |
| 1972 | 8,244 | -1,037 | 296,589 | 101,223 |
| 1971 | 8,398 | -1,586 | 309,747 | 144,321 |
| 1970 | 8,412 | -2,001 | 322,444 | 182,941 |
| 1969 | 8,857 | -2,744 | 329,831 | 160,403 |
| 1968 | 9,153 | -3,207 | 337,346 | 113,115 |
| 1967 | 9,313 | -3,451 | 339,843 | 63,018 |
| 1966 | 9,478 | -3,623 | 352,181 | 96,097 |
| 1965 | 9,643 | -4,184 | 354,132 | 82,879 |
| 1964 | 8,322 | -3,347 | 360,631 | 163,039 |
| 1963 | 8,568 | -3,005 | 361,694 | 190,925 |
| 1962 | 9,455 | -3,441 | 358,082 | 141,634 |
| 1961 | 9,584 | -3,695 | 354,504 | 128,618 |
| 1960 | 8,385 | 3,766 | 346,115 | 143,032 |
Data sources: World Bank | Health (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08).
GeoRank.org/population/cyprus/france | CC BY
Over the last 10 years, 36.4% of the population change in Cyprus is from natural causes (a gain of 56,027 people) and 63.6% is from migration (a gain of 97,997 people). In France 53.4% is from natural causes (a gain of 1,101,184 people) and 46.6% is from migration (a gain of 961,908 people).
As of 2024, 202,062 residents or 14.9% of the population were not native-born in Cyprus, compared to 9,186,757 people or 13.8% in France.
Biggest cities by population
|
Cyprus
|
|
|---|---|
| City | Population |
| Limassol | 108K |
| Larnaca | 59.2K |
| Nicosia | 56.8K |
| Famagusta | 40.9K |
| Paphos | 36K |
| Kyrenia | 33.2K |
| Aradippou | 19.2K |
| Paralimni | 15K |
| Ypsonas | 11.1K |
| Dali | 10.5K |
|
France
|
|
|---|---|
| City | Population |
| Paris | 2.1M |
| Marseille | 886K |
| Lyon | 519K |
| Toulouse | 515K |
| Nice | 358K |
| Nantes | 328K |
| Montpellier | 310K |
| Strasbourg | 294K |
| Bordeaux | 268K |
| Lille | 238K |
Compare countries by 7 more topics
Population differences between Cyprus and France
|
Cyprus
|
France
|
|
|---|---|---|
| Life expectancy | 82.2 years | 83.7 years |
| Average age | 40 years | 42.8 years |
| Median age | 39.6 years | 43.2 years |
| Male:Female ratio | 50.4:49.6 | 48.5:51.5 |
| Fertility rate | 1.38 births per woman | 1.61 births per woman |
| Population density | 388 ppl/mi² | 331 ppl/mi² |
Population map with other countries
Data sources: World Bank | Health (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08); United Nations | World Population Prospects (1960–2026, retrieved 2026-07-08); U.S. Census Bureau (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08); Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) (2000–2019, retrieved 2026-07-08).
GeoRank.org/population/cyprus/france | CC BY
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Data sources:
- World Bank | Health (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08)
- United Nations | World Population Prospects (1960–2100, retrieved 2026-07-08)
- U.S. Census Bureau (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08)
- Wikidata (2026, retrieved 2026-07-08)
- Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) (2000–2019, retrieved 2026-07-08)
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