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China Demographics: Median age, Gender, Race, Religion

Updated on by Georank team

With a population of 1.41B people, China has a median age of 40.6 years which makes it the 44/196 oldest country. 16% of the demographic are children 0-14 years old, 69.3% are working-age people aged 15-64, and 14.7% are older population aged 65+ years.

China demographic data

China World
Population
1405773318
2/197
Median age 40.6 years 44/196
Average age 40.5 years 46/196
Age dependency ratio 44.2% 170/196
Young-age dependency ratio 23.1% 165/196
Old-age dependency ratio 21.2% 57/196
Male:Female ratio 50.9:49.1 N/A
Population density 150.1 ppl/mi² 64/197
Fertility rate 1 192/196
Life expectancy 78.4 years 55/197

Median age history and projection chart in
China vs World

China
Factual

UN forecast
World
Factual

UN forecast
Year Median age
China World
1960 20.9 22.5
1961 21.1 22.5
1962 21 22.4
1963 20.4 22.2
1964 19.9 22
1965 19.6 21.8
1966 19.3 21.7
1967 19.2 21.6
1968 19.2 21.5
1969 19.1 21.5
1970 19.1 21.4
1971 19.2 21.4
1972 19.3 21.5
1973 19.5 21.5
1974 19.7 21.6
1975 20.1 21.7
1976 20.4 21.9
1977 20.8 22
1978 21.2 22.2
1979 21.4 22.3
1980 21.6 22.5
1981 21.8 22.6
1982 22.1 22.7
1983 22.6 22.9
1984 23 23
1985 23.2 23.2
1986 23.4 23.3
1987 23.6 23.4
1988 23.9 23.6
1989 24.4 23.8
1990 24.7 23.9
1991 25.1 24.1
1992 25.6 24.3
1993 26.1 24.5
1994 26.6 24.7
1995 27.2 25
1996 27.8 25.2
1997 28.3 25.4
1998 28.8 25.7
1999 29.4 25.9
2000 30 26.1
2001 30.5 26.3
2002 31.1 26.5
2003 31.6 26.7
2004 32.1 27
2005 32.6 27.2
2006 33.1 27.4
2007 33.7 27.6
2008 34.2 27.8
2009 34.7 28
2010 35.1 28.2
2011 35.5 28.4
2012 35.7 28.6
2013 36 28.9
2014 36.3 29.1
2015 36.7 29.3
2016 37.1 29.5
2017 37.4 29.8
2018 37.7 30
2019 38.1 30.3
2020 38.5 30.6
2021 39 30.8
2022 39.6 31
2023 40.1 31.3
2024 40.6 31.6
2025 41.1 31.9
2026 41.7 32.1
2027 42.2 32.3
2028 42.8 32.6
2029 43.3 32.8
2030 43.9 33
2031 44.5 33.2
2032 45.1 33.4
2033 45.7 33.6
2034 46.3 33.8
2035 46.8 34
2036 47.4 34.2
2037 47.9 34.4
2038 48.5 34.6
2039 49.1 34.8
2040 49.6 35
2041 50.1 35.2
2042 50.5 35.4
2043 50.9 35.6
2044 51.3 35.8
2045 51.6 36
2046 52 36.2
2047 52.3 36.4
2048 52.6 36.6
2049 52.9 36.8
2050 53.1 37.1

In 1960, the median age in China was 20.9 years compared to the world's average of 22.5 years. As of 2024, the median age had increased to 40.6 years compared to the world's average of 31.6 years. Ranked 75th for median age 64 years ago (old to young), China ranks 44th currently.

According to the United Nations projections, the median age in China is expected to increase to around 53.1 years by 2050. The aging demographics forecast is based on previous years' birth rates and increasing life expectancy.

China demographic pyramid: age and gender distribution

China
Male

Female
Age range Share of population
China
Male Female
0-4 1.93% 1.73%
5-9 3.2% 2.8%
10-14 3.41% 2.93%
15-19 3.16% 2.7%
20-24 3.02% 2.58%
25-29 3.18% 2.77%
30-34 3.94% 3.53%
35-39 4.3% 3.98%
40-44 3.63% 3.44%
45-49 3.38% 3.26%
50-54 4.26% 4.19%
55-59 4.02% 4.06%
60-64 2.91% 3.02%
65-69 2.49% 2.74%
70-74 2% 2.38%
75-79 1.14% 1.4%
80+ 0.98% 1.54%

The chart above is a variation of the population pyramid and represents the age and gender structure. China has low demographic potential with 40.9% of people in the 0-34 age group (ranked 159/196).

Age dependency chart

China
Young

Old
World
Young

Old
Year Age dependency ratio
China World
Total Young Old Total Young Old
1960 79.5% 72.4% 7.12% 73.5% 64.9% 8.62%
1961 78% 71.1% 6.91% 73.8% 65.1% 8.67%
1962 77.9% 71.1% 6.8% 74.1% 65.4% 8.73%
1963 79.7% 72.9% 6.75% 74.9% 66.1% 8.79%
1964 81.5% 74.8% 6.69% 75.5% 66.6% 8.85%
1965 82.2% 75.5% 6.64% 75.8% 66.8% 8.93%
1966 82.3% 75.7% 6.62% 75.9% 66.9% 9%
1967 81.5% 74.9% 6.61% 75.9% 66.8% 9.07%
1968 80.8% 74.2% 6.62% 75.8% 66.6% 9.14%
1969 80.6% 74% 6.65% 75.7% 66.5% 9.2%
1970 80.2% 73.5% 6.68% 75.5% 66.2% 9.26%
1971 79.8% 73.1% 6.72% 75.2% 65.9% 9.33%
1972 79.1% 72.4% 6.76% 74.9% 65.6% 9.39%
1973 78.5% 71.7% 6.81% 74.6% 65.1% 9.46%
1974 78.7% 71.8% 6.94% 74.4% 64.9% 9.54%
1975 79.2% 72.1% 7.08% 74.2% 64.6% 9.64%
1976 79.5% 72.3% 7.21% 74% 64.3% 9.72%
1977 78.3% 71% 7.29% 73.5% 63.7% 9.79%
1978 74.7% 67.4% 7.3% 72.4% 62.5% 9.84%
1979 71% 63.6% 7.33% 71.3% 61.4% 9.88%
1980 68% 60.7% 7.39% 70.4% 60.5% 9.89%
1981 65.5% 58% 7.43% 69.5% 59.6% 9.85%
1982 63.5% 56% 7.48% 68.7% 58.9% 9.79%
1983 61.3% 53.8% 7.52% 67.9% 58.1% 9.72%
1984 58.7% 51.2% 7.54% 67% 57.3% 9.68%
1985 56.5% 48.9% 7.58% 66.3% 56.6% 9.68%
1986 54.7% 47% 7.65% 65.7% 55.9% 9.71%
1987 53.5% 45.8% 7.72% 65.2% 55.4% 9.75%
1988 52.6% 44.7% 7.81% 64.8% 54.9% 9.81%
1989 51.9% 44% 7.95% 64.4% 54.5% 9.89%
1990 51.8% 43.7% 8.12% 64.2% 54.3% 9.97%
1991 51.7% 43.5% 8.27% 64% 53.9% 10.1%
1992 51.5% 43% 8.45% 63.7% 53.6% 10.2%
1993 51.2% 42.6% 8.66% 63.5% 53.2% 10.3%
1994 50.9% 42% 8.88% 63.1% 52.7% 10.4%
1995 50.3% 41.2% 9.1% 62.7% 52.2% 10.5%
1996 49.6% 40.3% 9.32% 62.1% 51.5% 10.6%
1997 48.7% 39.2% 9.52% 61.5% 50.8% 10.7%
1998 47.8% 38% 9.76% 60.7% 50% 10.7%
1999 47% 37% 10% 60% 49.2% 10.8%
2000 46.1% 35.9% 10.3% 59.3% 48.4% 10.9%
2001 45% 34.5% 10.5% 58.5% 47.6% 11%
2002 43.5% 32.9% 10.6% 57.8% 46.7% 11.1%
2003 42.1% 31.3% 10.8% 57% 45.9% 11.1%
2004 40.7% 29.8% 10.9% 56.3% 45.1% 11.2%
2005 39.2% 28.3% 11% 55.6% 44.3% 11.3%
2006 38.2% 27.1% 11.1% 55% 43.6% 11.4%
2007 37.7% 26.4% 11.3% 54.5% 43.1% 11.4%
2008 37.4% 25.9% 11.5% 54.1% 42.6% 11.5%
2009 37.3% 25.6% 11.7% 53.8% 42.2% 11.6%
2010 37.2% 25.4% 11.9% 53.5% 41.9% 11.6%
2011 37.4% 25.2% 12.2% 53.4% 41.6% 11.8%
2012 37.7% 25.2% 12.5% 53.3% 41.4% 11.9%
2013 38.2% 25.3% 12.9% 53.4% 41.2% 12.1%
2014 38.9% 25.5% 13.4% 53.5% 41.1% 12.4%
2015 39.6% 25.6% 14% 53.6% 40.9% 12.7%
2016 40.4% 25.7% 14.7% 53.7% 40.7% 13%
2017 41.5% 26% 15.5% 53.9% 40.6% 13.3%
2018 42.5% 26.1% 16.4% 54.1% 40.4% 13.7%
2019 43.4% 26.1% 17.3% 54.2% 40.1% 14%
2020 44.1% 25.9% 18.2% 54.2% 39.8% 14.4%
2021 44.5% 25.4% 19.1% 54.2% 39.5% 14.7%
2022 44.7% 24.8% 19.9% 54% 39% 15%
2023 44.7% 24% 20.7% 53.9% 38.5% 15.4%
2024 44.2% 23.1% 21.2% 53.7% 38% 15.7%

Age dependency is the ratio of people not in the labor force (children under 15 and adults 64+) to people aged 15 to 64. Age dependency in China increased from 40.7% to 44.2% between 2004 and 2024 with a decreased share of children and an increased proportion of people aged 65+

China working age demographic chart

China
Factual

UN forecast
World
Factual

UN forecast
Year Working age population share
China World
1960 55.7% 57.6%
1961 56.2% 57.5%
1962 56.2% 57.4%
1963 55.6% 57.2%
1964 55.1% 57%
1965 54.9% 56.9%
1966 54.9% 56.8%
1967 55.1% 56.9%
1968 55.3% 56.9%
1969 55.4% 56.9%
1970 55.5% 57%
1971 55.6% 57.1%
1972 55.8% 57.2%
1973 56% 57.3%
1974 56% 57.3%
1975 55.8% 57.4%
1976 55.7% 57.5%
1977 56.1% 57.7%
1978 57.3% 58%
1979 58.5% 58.4%
1980 59.5% 58.7%
1981 60.4% 59%
1982 61.2% 59.3%
1983 62% 59.6%
1984 63% 59.9%
1985 63.9% 60.1%
1986 64.6% 60.4%
1987 65.2% 60.5%
1988 65.6% 60.7%
1989 65.8% 60.8%
1990 65.9% 60.9%
1991 65.9% 61%
1992 66% 61.1%
1993 66.1% 61.2%
1994 66.3% 61.3%
1995 66.5% 61.5%
1996 66.8% 61.7%
1997 67.3% 61.9%
1998 67.7% 62.2%
1999 68% 62.5%
2000 68.4% 62.8%
2001 69% 63.1%
2002 69.7% 63.4%
2003 70.4% 63.7%
2004 71.1% 64%
2005 71.8% 64.3%
2006 72.4% 64.5%
2007 72.6% 64.7%
2008 72.8% 64.9%
2009 72.9% 65%
2010 72.9% 65.1%
2011 72.8% 65.2%
2012 72.6% 65.2%
2013 72.3% 65.2%
2014 72% 65.2%
2015 71.6% 65.1%
2016 71.2% 65.1%
2017 70.7% 65%
2018 70.2% 64.9%
2019 69.7% 64.9%
2020 69.4% 64.8%
2021 69.2% 64.9%
2022 69.1% 64.9%
2023 69.1% 65%
2024 69.3% 65.1%
2025 69.7% 65.2%
2026 70.1% 65.3%
2027 70.3% 65.4%
2028 70.1% 65.4%
2029 69.8% 65.4%
2030 69.5% 65.4%
2031 69.3% 65.4%
2032 69.2% 65.4%
2033 68.9% 65.4%
2034 68.3% 65.3%
2035 67.7% 65.2%
2036 66.9% 65%
2037 66.1% 64.9%
2038 65.3% 64.7%
2039 64.6% 64.6%
2040 64% 64.5%
2041 63.5% 64.4%
2042 63.1% 64.3%
2043 62.7% 64.2%
2044 62.2% 64.1%
2045 61.8% 63.9%
2046 61.3% 63.8%
2047 60.7% 63.7%
2048 60.2% 63.6%
2049 59.7% 63.4%
2050 59.1% 63.3%

The share of working-age demographics aged 15-64 in China changed from 71.1% to 69.3% between 2004 and 2024.

Share of young population (0-14 years)

China
Factual

UN forecast
World
Factual

UN forecast
Year Share of population 0-14 years old
China World
1960 40.3% 37.4%
1961 40% 37.5%
1962 40% 37.6%
1963 40.6% 37.8%
1964 41.2% 38%
1965 41.5% 38%
1966 41.5% 38%
1967 41.3% 38%
1968 41% 37.9%
1969 41% 37.8%
1970 40.8% 37.7%
1971 40.7% 37.6%
1972 40.4% 37.5%
1973 40.1% 37.3%
1974 40.2% 37.2%
1975 40.2% 37.1%
1976 40.3% 36.9%
1977 39.8% 36.7%
1978 38.6% 36.3%
1979 37.2% 35.9%
1980 36.1% 35.5%
1981 35.1% 35.2%
1982 34.3% 34.9%
1983 33.3% 34.6%
1984 32.2% 34.3%
1985 31.2% 34%
1986 30.4% 33.8%
1987 29.8% 33.6%
1988 29.3% 33.4%
1989 28.9% 33.2%
1990 28.8% 33%
1991 28.6% 32.9%
1992 28.4% 32.7%
1993 28.2% 32.5%
1994 27.8% 32.3%
1995 27.4% 32.1%
1996 27% 31.8%
1997 26.3% 31.5%
1998 25.7% 31.1%
1999 25.2% 30.8%
2000 24.5% 30.4%
2001 23.8% 30%
2002 22.9% 29.6%
2003 22% 29.2%
2004 21.2% 28.8%
2005 20.3% 28.5%
2006 19.6% 28.1%
2007 19.2% 27.9%
2008 18.9% 27.6%
2009 18.6% 27.5%
2010 18.5% 27.3%
2011 18.3% 27.1%
2012 18.3% 27%
2013 18.3% 26.9%
2014 18.3% 26.8%
2015 18.3% 26.6%
2016 18.3% 26.5%
2017 18.4% 26.4%
2018 18.3% 26.2%
2019 18.2% 26%
2020 18% 25.8%
2021 17.6% 25.6%
2022 17.1% 25.3%
2023 16.6% 25%
2024 16% 24.7%
2025 15.4% 24.4%
2026 14.8% 24.1%
2027 14.1% 23.8%
2028 13.5% 23.4%
2029 12.8% 23.1%
2030 12.1% 22.8%
2031 11.5% 22.6%
2032 10.8% 22.3%
2033 10.3% 22.1%
2034 9.83% 21.9%
2035 9.53% 21.7%
2036 9.37% 21.6%
2037 9.31% 21.5%
2038 9.31% 21.4%
2039 9.34% 21.3%
2040 9.38% 21.2%
2041 9.43% 21.1%
2042 9.49% 21%
2043 9.56% 21%
2044 9.63% 20.9%
2045 9.71% 20.8%
2046 9.78% 20.7%
2047 9.85% 20.7%
2048 9.9% 20.6%
2049 9.93% 20.5%
2050 9.94% 20.4%

The share of children aged 0-14 in China decreased from 21.2% to 16% between 2004 and 2024 due to changes in birth rates.

Share of old population (65+)

China
Factual

UN forecast
World
Factual

UN forecast
Year Share of population 65+ years old
China World
1960 3.97% 4.97%
1961 3.88% 4.99%
1962 3.82% 5.01%
1963 3.76% 5.02%
1964 3.69% 5.04%
1965 3.65% 5.08%
1966 3.63% 5.12%
1967 3.64% 5.16%
1968 3.66% 5.2%
1969 3.68% 5.24%
1970 3.71% 5.28%
1971 3.74% 5.32%
1972 3.77% 5.37%
1973 3.82% 5.42%
1974 3.88% 5.47%
1975 3.95% 5.53%
1976 4.02% 5.59%
1977 4.09% 5.65%
1978 4.18% 5.71%
1979 4.29% 5.77%
1980 4.4% 5.81%
1981 4.49% 5.81%
1982 4.58% 5.8%
1983 4.66% 5.79%
1984 4.75% 5.8%
1985 4.85% 5.82%
1986 4.94% 5.86%
1987 5.03% 5.91%
1988 5.12% 5.95%
1989 5.23% 6.01%
1990 5.35% 6.07%
1991 5.45% 6.14%
1992 5.58% 6.21%
1993 5.73% 6.29%
1994 5.89% 6.37%
1995 6.05% 6.45%
1996 6.23% 6.53%
1997 6.4% 6.61%
1998 6.6% 6.68%
1999 6.81% 6.76%
2000 7.02% 6.84%
2001 7.21% 6.92%
2002 7.4% 7.01%
2003 7.58% 7.1%
2004 7.74% 7.18%
2005 7.89% 7.26%
2006 8.05% 7.34%
2007 8.21% 7.41%
2008 8.36% 7.47%
2009 8.5% 7.52%
2010 8.66% 7.58%
2011 8.86% 7.66%
2012 9.09% 7.78%
2013 9.36% 7.92%
2014 9.67% 8.08%
2015 10.1% 8.26%
2016 10.5% 8.45%
2017 11% 8.65%
2018 11.5% 8.88%
2019 12.1% 9.1%
2020 12.6% 9.33%
2021 13.2% 9.53%
2022 13.8% 9.74%
2023 14.3% 9.98%
2024 14.7% 10.2%
2025 14.9% 10.4%
2026 15.1% 10.6%
2027 15.6% 10.8%
2028 16.5% 11.1%
2029 17.5% 11.5%
2030 18.3% 11.7%
2031 19.2% 12%
2032 20% 12.3%
2033 20.9% 12.6%
2034 21.8% 12.8%
2035 22.8% 13.1%
2036 23.7% 13.4%
2037 24.6% 13.7%
2038 25.3% 13.9%
2039 26% 14.1%
2040 26.6% 14.3%
2041 27.1% 14.5%
2042 27.5% 14.7%
2043 27.8% 14.9%
2044 28.1% 15%
2045 28.5% 15.2%
2046 28.9% 15.4%
2047 29.4% 15.7%
2048 29.9% 15.9%
2049 30.4% 16.1%
2050 30.9% 16.3%

The share of older people aged 65 and over in China increased from 7.74% to 14.7% between 2004 and 2024 due to changes in life expectancy.

Demographics by nationality or race

China
Race Share of demographic
Han 91.1%
Zhuang 1.39%
Uyghur 0.84%
Hui 0.81%
Miao 0.79%
Manchu 0.74%
Yi 0.7%
Tujia 0.68%
Tibetan 0.5%
Mongol 0.45%
All other 0.06%

Religion demographics

China
Religion Share of population
Atheism 89.6%
Buddhism 3.74%
Islam 1.82%
Christianity 1.78%
Hinduism 0.002%
Judaism 0.0002%
All other 3.03%

Median age map

Median age

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