The latest officially reported population of Gabon was 2,538,952 in 2024 vs 31,934,230 people in Ivory Coast in 2024. In 2026, based on the adjusted UN estimation, the current Gabon's population is 2,663,339 people compared to 33,722,528 in Ivory Coast.
Population statistics:
- Ivory Coast's population is 12.7 times bigger than Gabon's.
- Gabon is ranked the 141st most populous country in the world, while Ivory Coast is the 50th.
- The countries together account for 0.44% of the world: 0.03% for Gabon vs 0.41% for Ivory Coast.
- For the last 10 years, Gabon has had an average growth rate of +2.61% per year vs +2.65% in Ivory Coast.
- Since 2006, the population of Gabon has increased from 1.51M people to 2.66M (76.6% growth), while Ivory Coast has grown from 20.5M to 33.7M (64.1% growth).
Gabon vs Ivory Coast: population by year and forecast
| Year | Population | |
|---|---|---|
Gabon
|
Ivory Coast
|
|
| 2100 | 6,955,864 | 104,920,371 |
| 2099 | 6,912,052 | 104,113,061 |
| 2098 | 6,867,857 | 103,291,158 |
| 2097 | 6,822,087 | 102,471,756 |
| 2096 | 6,775,495 | 101,628,301 |
| 2095 | 6,727,815 | 100,772,460 |
| 2094 | 6,680,075 | 99,898,304 |
| 2093 | 6,631,425 | 99,021,348 |
| 2092 | 6,582,261 | 98,114,023 |
| 2091 | 6,532,342 | 97,191,635 |
| 2090 | 6,481,491 | 96,263,617 |
| 2089 | 6,429,956 | 95,332,834 |
| 2088 | 6,376,859 | 94,410,464 |
| 2087 | 6,323,194 | 93,478,576 |
| 2086 | 6,269,178 | 92,531,438 |
| 2085 | 6,215,121 | 91,589,651 |
| 2084 | 6,160,019 | 90,656,883 |
| 2083 | 6,103,820 | 89,687,091 |
| 2082 | 6,046,995 | 88,713,776 |
| 2081 | 5,989,415 | 87,729,381 |
| 2080 | 5,931,520 | 86,741,632 |
| 2079 | 5,873,052 | 85,754,611 |
| 2078 | 5,814,259 | 84,755,417 |
| 2077 | 5,754,857 | 83,751,773 |
| 2076 | 5,695,764 | 82,745,768 |
| 2075 | 5,636,043 | 81,715,680 |
| 2074 | 5,576,620 | 80,699,852 |
| 2073 | 5,516,502 | 79,680,254 |
| 2072 | 5,456,238 | 78,658,967 |
| 2071 | 5,395,666 | 77,619,677 |
| 2070 | 5,335,269 | 76,578,862 |
| 2069 | 5,274,817 | 75,539,439 |
| 2068 | 5,214,405 | 74,479,930 |
| 2067 | 5,153,427 | 73,429,006 |
| 2066 | 5,092,586 | 72,362,962 |
| 2065 | 5,031,764 | 71,312,115 |
| 2064 | 4,970,757 | 70,271,852 |
| 2063 | 4,909,630 | 69,232,655 |
| 2062 | 4,848,693 | 68,207,413 |
| 2061 | 4,787,706 | 67,176,556 |
| 2060 | 4,726,341 | 66,159,709 |
| 2059 | 4,664,287 | 65,140,683 |
| 2058 | 4,602,087 | 64,110,700 |
| 2057 | 4,540,068 | 63,092,260 |
| 2056 | 4,477,242 | 62,075,281 |
| 2055 | 4,414,477 | 61,046,238 |
| 2054 | 4,350,938 | 60,014,012 |
| 2053 | 4,287,630 | 58,992,661 |
| 2052 | 4,224,256 | 57,968,005 |
| 2051 | 4,160,459 | 56,941,659 |
| 2050 | 4,096,708 | 55,918,046 |
| 2049 | 4,032,976 | 54,901,818 |
| 2048 | 3,968,977 | 53,875,709 |
| 2047 | 3,904,724 | 52,858,830 |
| 2046 | 3,840,333 | 51,844,312 |
| 2045 | 3,775,786 | 50,830,306 |
| 2044 | 3,711,691 | 49,805,598 |
| 2043 | 3,647,956 | 48,788,840 |
| 2042 | 3,584,695 | 47,784,131 |
| 2041 | 3,521,560 | 46,795,255 |
| 2040 | 3,458,896 | 45,813,266 |
| 2039 | 3,397,011 | 44,841,250 |
| 2038 | 3,335,835 | 43,881,133 |
| 2037 | 3,275,298 | 42,929,373 |
| 2036 | 3,215,119 | 41,995,248 |
| 2035 | 3,155,791 | 41,077,730 |
| 2034 | 3,097,371 | 40,171,091 |
| 2033 | 3,039,514 | 39,279,116 |
| 2032 | 2,982,347 | 38,414,277 |
| 2031 | 2,925,690 | 37,563,879 |
| 2030 | 2,869,476 | 36,733,221 |
| 2029 | 2,813,855 | 35,912,791 |
| 2028 | 2,758,554 | 35,100,748 |
| 2027 | 2,703,425 | 34,301,358 |
| 2026 | 2,648,476 | 33,507,906 |
| 2025 | 2,593,715 | 32,716,581 |
| 2024 | 2,538,952 | 31,934,230 |
| 2023 | 2,484,789 | 31,165,654 |
| 2022 | 2,430,747 | 30,395,002 |
| 2021 | 2,376,722 | 29,639,736 |
| 2020 | 2,322,539 | 28,915,449 |
| 2019 | 2,267,706 | 28,193,009 |
| 2018 | 2,212,318 | 27,464,173 |
| 2017 | 2,156,900 | 26,733,372 |
| 2016 | 2,100,306 | 25,989,405 |
| 2015 | 2,040,989 | 25,246,342 |
| 2014 | 1,978,399 | 24,527,395 |
| 2013 | 1,913,059 | 23,939,775 |
| 2012 | 1,846,889 | 23,467,078 |
| 2011 | 1,781,985 | 22,982,000 |
| 2010 | 1,719,879 | 22,488,065 |
| 2009 | 1,661,556 | 21,997,940 |
| 2008 | 1,607,175 | 21,514,439 |
| 2007 | 1,556,237 | 21,030,558 |
| 2006 | 1,508,337 | 20,546,802 |
| 2005 | 1,463,495 | 20,068,458 |
| 2004 | 1,421,609 | 19,595,000 |
| 2003 | 1,382,350 | 19,125,542 |
| 2002 | 1,345,135 | 18,654,771 |
| 2001 | 1,309,589 | 18,178,913 |
| 2000 | 1,275,572 | 17,699,004 |
| 1999 | 1,243,016 | 17,215,935 |
| 1998 | 1,211,736 | 16,663,948 |
| 1997 | 1,181,439 | 16,047,170 |
| 1996 | 1,152,015 | 15,442,312 |
| 1995 | 1,123,213 | 14,855,565 |
| 1994 | 1,094,720 | 14,287,201 |
| 1993 | 1,066,405 | 13,735,951 |
| 1992 | 1,038,380 | 13,200,310 |
| 1991 | 1,010,818 | 12,683,870 |
| 1990 | 983,734 | 12,189,778 |
| 1989 | 957,138 | 11,719,771 |
| 1988 | 931,020 | 11,275,189 |
| 1987 | 905,479 | 10,851,475 |
| 1986 | 880,705 | 10,440,917 |
| 1985 | 856,726 | 10,040,483 |
| 1984 | 833,501 | 9,650,516 |
| 1983 | 811,005 | 9,272,744 |
| 1982 | 789,286 | 8,907,936 |
| 1981 | 768,385 | 8,556,596 |
| 1980 | 748,389 | 8,220,714 |
| 1979 | 729,375 | 7,902,267 |
| 1978 | 711,245 | 7,603,130 |
| 1977 | 693,984 | 7,321,950 |
| 1976 | 677,628 | 7,057,958 |
| 1975 | 662,197 | 6,776,297 |
| 1974 | 647,691 | 6,474,057 |
| 1973 | 633,995 | 6,184,944 |
| 1972 | 620,960 | 5,909,716 |
| 1971 | 608,348 | 5,650,868 |
| 1970 | 595,846 | 5,411,567 |
| 1969 | 583,276 | 5,192,221 |
| 1968 | 572,257 | 4,990,021 |
| 1967 | 563,108 | 4,799,744 |
| 1966 | 554,463 | 4,617,519 |
| 1965 | 546,308 | 4,442,377 |
| 1964 | 538,657 | 4,273,952 |
| 1963 | 531,452 | 4,112,061 |
| 1962 | 524,649 | 3,956,939 |
| 1961 | 518,266 | 3,810,151 |
| 1960 | 512,316 | 3,673,666 |
Data sources: United Nations | World Population Prospects (2025–2100, retrieved 2026-03-10); World Bank | Health (1960–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06).
GeoRank.org/population/gabon/ivory-coast | CC BY 
From 2006 to 2016, the population of Gabon increased by 591,969 people (a 39.2% growth), while Ivory Coast gained 5,442,603 people (a 26.5% growth).
For the next 10 years, from 2016 to 2026, Gabon gained 563,033 people (a 26.8% growth), while Ivory Coast's population increased by 7,733,123 people (a 29.8% growth).
Gabon was ranked 147th most populous country in 2006 and is 141st in 2026. Ivory Coast was ranked 53rd in 2006 and ranked 50th now.
The UN's World Population Prospects forecasts that in 24 years (in 2050) Gabon's population will grow by 53.8% to 4,096,708 people with a rank change from 141st to 133rd. The population of Ivory Coast will increase by 65.8% to 55,918,046 people and rank change from 50th to 36th.
Gabon is projected to reach its peak in 2100 at 6.96M people compared to the peak of 105M people in 2100 for Ivory Coast.
Population growth rate by year
| Year | Growth rate | |
|---|---|---|
|
Gabon
|
Ivory Coast
|
|
| 2100 | 0.63% | 0.78% |
| 2099 | 0.64% | 0.8% |
| 2098 | 0.67% | 0.8% |
| 2097 | 0.69% | 0.83% |
| 2096 | 0.71% | 0.85% |
| 2095 | 0.71% | 0.88% |
| 2094 | 0.73% | 0.89% |
| 2093 | 0.75% | 0.92% |
| 2092 | 0.76% | 0.95% |
| 2091 | 0.78% | 0.96% |
| 2090 | 0.8% | 0.98% |
| 2089 | 0.83% | 0.98% |
| 2088 | 0.85% | 1% |
| 2087 | 0.86% | 1.02% |
| 2086 | 0.87% | 1.03% |
| 2085 | 0.89% | 1.03% |
| 2084 | 0.92% | 1.08% |
| 2083 | 0.94% | 1.1% |
| 2082 | 0.96% | 1.12% |
| 2081 | 0.98% | 1.14% |
| 2080 | 1% | 1.15% |
| 2079 | 1.01% | 1.18% |
| 2078 | 1.03% | 1.2% |
| 2077 | 1.04% | 1.22% |
| 2076 | 1.06% | 1.26% |
| 2075 | 1.07% | 1.26% |
| 2074 | 1.09% | 1.28% |
| 2073 | 1.1% | 1.3% |
| 2072 | 1.12% | 1.34% |
| 2071 | 1.13% | 1.36% |
| 2070 | 1.15% | 1.38% |
| 2069 | 1.16% | 1.42% |
| 2068 | 1.18% | 1.43% |
| 2067 | 1.19% | 1.47% |
| 2066 | 1.21% | 1.47% |
| 2065 | 1.23% | 1.48% |
| 2064 | 1.25% | 1.5% |
| 2063 | 1.26% | 1.5% |
| 2062 | 1.27% | 1.53% |
| 2061 | 1.3% | 1.54% |
| 2060 | 1.33% | 1.56% |
| 2059 | 1.35% | 1.61% |
| 2058 | 1.37% | 1.61% |
| 2057 | 1.4% | 1.64% |
| 2056 | 1.42% | 1.69% |
| 2055 | 1.46% | 1.72% |
| 2054 | 1.48% | 1.73% |
| 2053 | 1.5% | 1.77% |
| 2052 | 1.53% | 1.8% |
| 2051 | 1.56% | 1.83% |
| 2050 | 1.58% | 1.85% |
| 2049 | 1.61% | 1.9% |
| 2048 | 1.65% | 1.92% |
| 2047 | 1.68% | 1.96% |
| 2046 | 1.71% | 1.99% |
| 2045 | 1.73% | 2.06% |
| 2044 | 1.75% | 2.08% |
| 2043 | 1.76% | 2.1% |
| 2042 | 1.79% | 2.11% |
| 2041 | 1.81% | 2.14% |
| 2040 | 1.82% | 2.17% |
| 2039 | 1.83% | 2.19% |
| 2038 | 1.85% | 2.22% |
| 2037 | 1.87% | 2.22% |
| 2036 | 1.88% | 2.23% |
| 2035 | 1.89% | 2.26% |
| 2034 | 1.9% | 2.27% |
| 2033 | 1.92% | 2.25% |
| 2032 | 1.94% | 2.26% |
| 2031 | 1.96% | 2.26% |
| 2030 | 1.98% | 2.28% |
| 2029 | 2% | 2.31% |
| 2028 | 2.04% | 2.33% |
| 2027 | 2.07% | 2.37% |
| 2026 | 2.11% | 2.42% |
| 2025 | 2.16% | 2.45% |
| 2024 | 2.18% | 2.47% |
| 2023 | 2.22% | 2.54% |
| 2022 | 2.27% | 2.55% |
| 2021 | 2.33% | 2.5% |
| 2020 | 2.42% | 2.56% |
| 2019 | 2.5% | 2.65% |
| 2018 | 2.57% | 2.73% |
| 2017 | 2.69% | 2.86% |
| 2016 | 2.91% | 2.94% |
| 2015 | 3.16% | 2.93% |
| 2014 | 3.42% | 2.45% |
| 2013 | 3.58% | 2.01% |
| 2012 | 3.64% | 2.11% |
| 2011 | 3.61% | 2.2% |
| 2010 | 3.51% | 2.23% |
| 2009 | 3.38% | 2.25% |
| 2008 | 3.27% | 2.3% |
| 2007 | 3.18% | 2.35% |
| 2006 | 3.06% | 2.38% |
| 2005 | 2.95% | 2.42% |
| 2004 | 2.84% | 2.45% |
| 2003 | 2.77% | 2.52% |
| 2002 | 2.71% | 2.62% |
| 2001 | 2.67% | 2.71% |
| 2000 | 2.62% | 2.81% |
| 1999 | 2.58% | 3.31% |
| 1998 | 2.56% | 3.84% |
| 1997 | 2.55% | 3.92% |
| 1996 | 2.56% | 3.95% |
| 1995 | 2.6% | 3.98% |
| 1994 | 2.66% | 4.01% |
| 1993 | 2.7% | 4.06% |
| 1992 | 2.73% | 4.07% |
| 1991 | 2.75% | 4.05% |
| 1990 | 2.78% | 4.01% |
| 1989 | 2.81% | 3.94% |
| 1988 | 2.82% | 3.9% |
| 1987 | 2.81% | 3.93% |
| 1986 | 2.8% | 3.99% |
| 1985 | 2.79% | 4.04% |
| 1984 | 2.77% | 4.07% |
| 1983 | 2.75% | 4.1% |
| 1982 | 2.72% | 4.11% |
| 1981 | 2.67% | 4.09% |
| 1980 | 2.61% | 4.03% |
| 1979 | 2.55% | 3.93% |
| 1978 | 2.49% | 3.84% |
| 1977 | 2.41% | 3.74% |
| 1976 | 2.33% | 4.16% |
| 1975 | 2.24% | 4.67% |
| 1974 | 2.16% | 4.67% |
| 1973 | 2.1% | 4.66% |
| 1972 | 2.07% | 4.58% |
| 1971 | 2.1% | 4.42% |
| 1970 | 2.16% | 4.22% |
| 1969 | 1.93% | 4.05% |
| 1968 | 1.62% | 3.96% |
| 1967 | 1.56% | 3.95% |
| 1966 | 1.49% | 3.94% |
| 1965 | 1.42% | 3.94% |
| 1964 | 1.36% | 3.94% |
| 1963 | 1.3% | 3.92% |
| 1962 | 1.23% | 3.85% |
| 1961 | 1.16% | 3.72% |
Data sources: United Nations | World Population Prospects (2025–2100, retrieved 2026-03-10); World Bank | Health (1961–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06).
GeoRank.org/population/gabon/ivory-coast | CC BY
In 2024, the population of Gabon grew by 2.18%, while Ivory Coast's population grew by 2.47%.
Live population counters
|
Gabon
|
Ivory Coast
|
|
|---|---|---|
| Current population |
2663339
|
33722528
|
| Population rank | 141/197 | 50/197 |
| Percent of world population | 0.03% | 0.41% |
| One net population change |
9.7 minutes
|
41 seconds
|
| One birth every |
7.65 minutes
|
31.6 seconds
|
| One death every |
33.7 minutes
|
2.2 minutes
|
| Daily growth/decline | +148 | +2,106 |
| Annual growth/decline | +54,163 | +768,576 |
| Annual growth/decline rate | +2.18% | +2.47% |
| Population growth rate rank | 44/197 | 28/197 |
| One migration net change every |
7.87 hours
|
46.6 minutes
|
| Annual migration change | +1,116 | +11,305 |
| Net migration rank | 62/196 | 43/196 |
| Foreign-born residents | 449,746 | 2,880,839 |
| Foreign-born residents rank | 84/195 | 25/195 |
| Foreign-born share of population | 17.7% | 9% |
| Foreign-born share rank | 34/195 | 70/195 |
Natural population change vs migration
| Year | Population change | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Gabon
|
Ivory Coast
|
|||
| Natural | Migration | Natural | Migration | |
| 2025 | - | 1,116 | - | 11,305 |
| 2024 | - | 1,105 | - | 7,838 |
| 2023 | 53,167 | 987 | 758,261 | 6,002 |
| 2022 | 52,944 | 987 | 750,270 | 26,777 |
| 2021 | 52,611 | 1,503 | 732,191 | 1,322 |
| 2020 | 52,745 | 1,506 | 727,455 | -12,390 |
| 2019 | 53,185 | 2,233 | 727,774 | 2,043 |
| 2018 | 52,476 | 2,886 | 722,445 | 5,395 |
| 2017 | 51,455 | 4,013 | 734,553 | -796 |
| 2016 | 50,321 | 7,398 | 735,630 | 18,568 |
| 2015 | 48,876 | 12,041 | 731,387 | 522 |
| 2014 | 47,704 | 16,565 | 728,978 | -23,011 |
| 2013 | 46,829 | 19,587 | 720,228 | -250,964 |
| 2012 | 45,941 | 19,973 | 708,847 | -232,712 |
| 2011 | 44,922 | 18,967 | 694,033 | -200,010 |
| 2010 | 43,061 | 17,274 | 676,554 | -182,689 |
| 2009 | 41,037 | 15,277 | 654,439 | -168,027 |
| 2008 | 39,002 | 13,441 | 630,610 | -150,037 |
| 2007 | 37,394 | 12,045 | 617,247 | -130,079 |
| 2006 | 35,984 | 10,382 | 605,001 | -124,651 |
| 2005 | 34,766 | 8,555 | 593,685 | -117,342 |
| 2004 | 33,615 | 6,830 | 579,424 | -108,869 |
| 2003 | 32,633 | 5,434 | 568,220 | -99,880 |
| 2002 | 31,777 | 4,582 | 563,692 | -90,503 |
| 2001 | 30,941 | 3,801 | 555,220 | -76,679 |
| 2000 | 30,210 | 3,086 | 545,129 | -63,843 |
| 1999 | 29,330 | 2,480 | 527,634 | -42,777 |
| 1998 | 28,697 | 2,055 | 509,167 | 109,961 |
| 1997 | 28,053 | 1,786 | 489,984 | 124,443 |
| 1996 | 27,450 | 1,555 | 469,740 | 125,556 |
| 1995 | 27,290 | 1,314 | 453,719 | 124,501 |
| 1994 | 27,271 | 1,110 | 438,274 | 120,247 |
| 1993 | 27,235 | 1,009 | 430,759 | 113,215 |
| 1992 | 26,810 | 990 | 423,294 | 104,006 |
| 1991 | 26,334 | 990 | 413,354 | 92,228 |
| 1990 | 25,858 | 990 | 402,629 | 79,979 |
| 1989 | 25,359 | 990 | 390,081 | 67,324 |
| 1988 | 24,888 | 990 | 378,575 | 53,187 |
| 1987 | 24,212 | 990 | 370,654 | 45,028 |
| 1986 | 23,362 | 990 | 357,205 | 48,233 |
| 1985 | 22,617 | 990 | 344,549 | 50,872 |
| 1984 | 21,851 | 990 | 331,910 | 52,594 |
| 1983 | 21,162 | 990 | 317,379 | 53,646 |
| 1982 | 20,292 | 990 | 305,204 | 53,384 |
| 1981 | 19,528 | 990 | 292,755 | 51,354 |
| 1980 | 18,503 | 990 | 280,630 | 47,031 |
| 1979 | 17,553 | 990 | 268,875 | 40,355 |
| 1978 | 16,714 | 990 | 257,222 | 31,822 |
| 1977 | 15,842 | 972 | 250,858 | 22,452 |
| 1976 | 14,998 | 899 | 241,939 | 12,735 |
| 1975 | 14,162 | 792 | 228,883 | 79,766 |
| 1974 | 13,381 | 680 | 216,389 | 79,445 |
| 1973 | 12,731 | 608 | 203,429 | 78,963 |
| 1972 | 12,095 | 639 | 190,842 | 77,213 |
| 1971 | 11,357 | 1,130 | 179,918 | 69,728 |
| 1970 | 10,635 | 1,882 | 170,070 | 58,883 |
| 1969 | 9,969 | 2,650 | 161,541 | 48,192 |
| 1968 | 9,417 | 0 | 153,464 | 41,198 |
| 1967 | 8,883 | 0 | 145,773 | 40,125 |
| 1966 | 8,410 | 0 | 138,438 | 40,125 |
| 1965 | 7,902 | 0 | 131,601 | 40,125 |
| 1964 | 7,402 | 0 | 124,996 | 40,125 |
| 1963 | 7,001 | 0 | 118,526 | 40,125 |
| 1962 | 6,609 | 0 | 111,930 | 39,670 |
| 1961 | 6,161 | 0 | 105,568 | 36,410 |
| 1960 | 5,732 | 0 | 99,681 | 31,307 |
Data sources: World Bank | Health (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-04-06).
GeoRank.org/population/gabon/ivory-coast | CC BY
Over the last 10 years, 91.1% of the population change in Gabon is from natural causes (a gain of 515,484 people) and 8.86% is from migration (a gain of 50,119 people). In Ivory Coast 99.7% is from natural causes (a gain of 7,348,944 people) and 0.33% is from migration (a gain of 24,432 people).
As of 2024, 449,746 residents or 17.7% of the population were not native-born in Gabon, compared to 2,880,839 people or 9% in Ivory Coast.
Biggest cities by population
|
Gabon
|
|
|---|---|
| City | Population |
| Libreville | 899K |
| Port-Gentil | 155K |
|
Ivory Coast
|
|
|---|---|
| City | Population |
| Abidjan | 5.62M |
| Bouake | 740K |
| Korhogo | 441K |
| Yamoussoukro | 340K |
| Divo | 295K |
| Gagnoa | 277K |
| Abengourou | 164K |
| Dabou | 138K |
| Agboville | 135K |
| Grand-Bassam | 125K |
Compare countries by 7 more topics
Population differences between Gabon and Ivory Coast
|
Gabon
|
Ivory Coast
|
|
|---|---|---|
| Life expectancy | 68.9 years | 62.4 years |
| Average age | 26.2 years | 23.6 years |
| Median age | 22.6 years | 19.3 years |
| Male:Female ratio | 50.8:49.2 | 50.9:49.1 |
| Fertility rate | 3.65 births per woman | 4.28 births per woman |
| Population density | 26.6 ppl/mi² | 272.9 ppl/mi² |
Population map with other countries
Data sources: World Bank | Health (1960–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06); United Nations | World Population Prospects (1960–2026, retrieved 2026-03-10); U.S. Census Bureau (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-02-08); Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) (2000–2019, retrieved 2026-02-20).
GeoRank.org/population/gabon/ivory-coast | CC BY
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Data sources:
- World Bank | Health (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-04-06)
- United Nations | World Population Prospects (1960–2100, retrieved 2026-03-10)
- U.S. Census Bureau (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-02-08)
- Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) (2000–2019, retrieved 2026-02-20)
- Wikidata (2026, retrieved 2026-02-08)
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