The latest officially reported population of Iran was 91,567,738 in 2024 vs 37,860,221 people in Ukraine in 2024. In 2026, based on the adjusted UN estimation, the current Iran's population is 93,468,444 people compared to 40,125,599 in Ukraine.
Population statistics:
- Iran's population is 2.33 times bigger than Ukraine's.
- Iran is ranked the 17th most populous country in the world, while Ukraine is the 40th.
- The countries together account for 1.61% of the world: 1.13% for Iran vs 0.48% for Ukraine.
- For the last 10 years, Iran has had an average growth rate of +1.19% per year vs -1.74% in Ukraine.
- Since 2006, the population of Iran has increased from 73.4M people to 93.5M (27.4% growth), while Ukraine has declined from 47.3M to 40.1M (15.1% decline).
Iran vs Ukraine: population by year and forecast
| Year | Population | |
|---|---|---|
Iran
|
Ukraine
|
|
| 2100 | 80,713,760 | 15,493,960 |
| 2099 | 81,246,718 | 15,751,557 |
| 2098 | 81,770,953 | 16,012,938 |
| 2097 | 82,295,714 | 16,278,602 |
| 2096 | 82,818,575 | 16,547,938 |
| 2095 | 83,338,446 | 16,820,897 |
| 2094 | 83,854,648 | 17,098,910 |
| 2093 | 84,371,569 | 17,381,822 |
| 2092 | 84,888,626 | 17,669,049 |
| 2091 | 85,410,099 | 17,960,681 |
| 2090 | 85,934,675 | 18,257,867 |
| 2089 | 86,466,409 | 18,559,027 |
| 2088 | 87,004,165 | 18,865,031 |
| 2087 | 87,549,685 | 19,176,483 |
| 2086 | 88,105,571 | 19,492,606 |
| 2085 | 88,668,329 | 19,812,584 |
| 2084 | 89,239,709 | 20,138,855 |
| 2083 | 89,817,194 | 20,468,747 |
| 2082 | 90,402,538 | 20,803,241 |
| 2081 | 90,995,822 | 21,140,953 |
| 2080 | 91,595,122 | 21,482,498 |
| 2079 | 92,196,842 | 21,827,152 |
| 2078 | 92,801,160 | 22,175,099 |
| 2077 | 93,405,954 | 22,525,846 |
| 2076 | 94,007,669 | 22,879,896 |
| 2075 | 94,606,607 | 23,236,521 |
| 2074 | 95,197,577 | 23,596,095 |
| 2073 | 95,783,994 | 23,957,807 |
| 2072 | 96,355,853 | 24,319,928 |
| 2071 | 96,915,335 | 24,685,370 |
| 2070 | 97,460,813 | 25,053,352 |
| 2069 | 97,988,897 | 25,423,272 |
| 2068 | 98,496,927 | 25,794,560 |
| 2067 | 98,978,509 | 26,168,072 |
| 2066 | 99,439,391 | 26,543,206 |
| 2065 | 99,877,457 | 26,920,121 |
| 2064 | 100,288,977 | 27,298,592 |
| 2063 | 100,668,199 | 27,677,528 |
| 2062 | 101,017,348 | 28,056,960 |
| 2061 | 101,332,810 | 28,437,884 |
| 2060 | 101,612,261 | 28,818,343 |
| 2059 | 101,858,931 | 29,198,891 |
| 2058 | 102,061,144 | 29,580,044 |
| 2057 | 102,228,085 | 29,958,884 |
| 2056 | 102,358,266 | 30,335,136 |
| 2055 | 102,449,092 | 30,710,041 |
| 2054 | 102,498,594 | 31,080,334 |
| 2053 | 102,508,245 | 31,447,868 |
| 2052 | 102,480,373 | 31,811,171 |
| 2051 | 102,417,847 | 32,170,929 |
| 2050 | 102,318,917 | 32,525,262 |
| 2049 | 102,189,816 | 32,875,483 |
| 2048 | 102,024,233 | 33,217,836 |
| 2047 | 101,832,213 | 33,556,749 |
| 2046 | 101,613,554 | 33,892,646 |
| 2045 | 101,371,784 | 34,221,999 |
| 2044 | 101,104,998 | 34,547,153 |
| 2043 | 100,818,045 | 34,869,270 |
| 2042 | 100,512,032 | 35,189,550 |
| 2041 | 100,188,214 | 35,507,946 |
| 2040 | 99,849,875 | 35,823,225 |
| 2039 | 99,501,869 | 36,141,658 |
| 2038 | 99,137,385 | 36,457,134 |
| 2037 | 98,759,167 | 36,772,578 |
| 2036 | 98,366,612 | 37,084,252 |
| 2035 | 97,963,082 | 37,396,243 |
| 2034 | 97,546,148 | 37,706,533 |
| 2033 | 97,118,106 | 38,015,585 |
| 2032 | 96,671,440 | 38,322,554 |
| 2031 | 96,204,118 | 38,630,259 |
| 2030 | 95,718,604 | 38,935,791 |
| 2029 | 95,195,996 | 39,238,099 |
| 2028 | 94,623,034 | 39,537,815 |
| 2027 | 93,987,260 | 39,830,895 |
| 2026 | 93,276,075 | 40,125,599 |
| 2025 | 92,478,162 | 38,707,520 |
| 2024 | 91,567,738 | 37,860,221 |
| 2023 | 90,608,707 | 37,732,836 |
| 2022 | 89,524,246 | 41,048,766 |
| 2021 | 88,455,488 | 44,298,640 |
| 2020 | 87,723,443 | 44,680,014 |
| 2019 | 87,051,648 | 44,957,458 |
| 2018 | 86,117,998 | 45,208,907 |
| 2017 | 85,026,754 | 45,436,041 |
| 2016 | 83,812,228 | 45,616,832 |
| 2015 | 82,619,362 | 45,784,896 |
| 2014 | 81,502,045 | 45,972,380 |
| 2013 | 80,414,686 | 46,126,770 |
| 2012 | 79,370,580 | 46,210,056 |
| 2011 | 78,383,598 | 46,307,853 |
| 2010 | 77,420,842 | 46,456,003 |
| 2009 | 76,457,825 | 46,623,731 |
| 2008 | 75,514,204 | 46,819,175 |
| 2007 | 74,602,648 | 47,062,798 |
| 2006 | 73,392,747 | 47,278,694 |
| 2005 | 71,828,455 | 47,585,556 |
| 2004 | 70,256,316 | 47,979,507 |
| 2003 | 68,769,340 | 48,315,136 |
| 2002 | 68,011,317 | 48,677,281 |
| 2001 | 67,452,005 | 49,106,855 |
| 2000 | 66,418,659 | 49,556,660 |
| 1999 | 65,445,391 | 49,976,446 |
| 1998 | 64,519,859 | 50,379,731 |
| 1997 | 63,639,638 | 50,786,885 |
| 1996 | 62,881,300 | 51,226,109 |
| 1995 | 62,205,567 | 51,665,539 |
| 1994 | 61,520,598 | 52,075,998 |
| 1993 | 61,403,543 | 52,350,126 |
| 1992 | 61,184,983 | 52,323,671 |
| 1991 | 59,986,931 | 52,170,961 |
| 1990 | 58,380,092 | 52,054,092 |
| 1989 | 56,704,914 | 51,917,817 |
| 1988 | 55,072,694 | 51,724,853 |
| 1987 | 53,323,493 | 51,515,732 |
| 1986 | 51,446,045 | 51,318,745 |
| 1985 | 49,582,289 | 51,108,770 |
| 1984 | 47,793,998 | 50,887,599 |
| 1983 | 46,029,535 | 50,637,029 |
| 1982 | 44,272,141 | 50,402,724 |
| 1981 | 41,989,312 | 50,189,281 |
| 1980 | 39,842,324 | 49,955,152 |
| 1979 | 38,424,952 | 49,721,381 |
| 1978 | 37,126,535 | 49,521,243 |
| 1977 | 35,933,181 | 49,336,481 |
| 1976 | 34,837,271 | 49,120,842 |
| 1975 | 33,802,973 | 48,865,229 |
| 1974 | 32,796,463 | 48,576,570 |
| 1973 | 31,839,838 | 48,277,121 |
| 1972 | 30,921,179 | 47,946,893 |
| 1971 | 30,029,071 | 47,573,287 |
| 1970 | 29,145,100 | 47,261,306 |
| 1969 | 28,273,482 | 46,976,256 |
| 1968 | 27,437,391 | 46,614,325 |
| 1967 | 26,628,432 | 46,215,988 |
| 1966 | 25,829,270 | 45,802,519 |
| 1965 | 25,036,978 | 45,386,892 |
| 1964 | 24,262,859 | 44,951,156 |
| 1963 | 23,519,005 | 44,462,372 |
| 1962 | 22,807,907 | 43,943,674 |
| 1961 | 22,125,726 | 43,399,766 |
| 1960 | 21,470,434 | 42,824,093 |
Data sources: United Nations | World Population Prospects (2025–2100, retrieved 2026-03-10); World Bank | Health (1960–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06).
GeoRank.org/population/iran/ukraine | CC BY 
From 2006 to 2016, the population of Iran increased by 10,419,481 people (a 14.2% growth), while Ukraine lost 1,661,862 people (a 3.52% decline).
For the next 10 years, from 2016 to 2026, Iran gained 9,656,216 people (a 11.5% growth), while Ukraine's population decreased by 5,491,233 people (a 12% decline).
Iran was ranked 17th most populous country in 2006 and is still 17th in 2026. Ukraine was ranked 27th in 2006 and ranked 40th now.
The UN's World Population Prospects forecasts that in 24 years (in 2050) Iran's population will grow by 9.47% to 102,318,917 people with a rank change from 17th to 18th. The population of Ukraine will decrease by 18.9% to 32,525,262 people and rank change from 40th to 60th.
Iran is projected to reach its peak in 2053 at 103M people, while Ukraine's population already peaked in 1993 at 52.4M people and is projected to decrease to 15.5M people by 2100.
Population growth rate by year
| Year | Growth rate | |
|---|---|---|
|
Iran
|
Ukraine
|
|
| 2100 | -0.66% | -1.64% |
| 2099 | -0.64% | -1.63% |
| 2098 | -0.64% | -1.63% |
| 2097 | -0.63% | -1.63% |
| 2096 | -0.62% | -1.62% |
| 2095 | -0.62% | -1.63% |
| 2094 | -0.61% | -1.63% |
| 2093 | -0.61% | -1.63% |
| 2092 | -0.61% | -1.62% |
| 2091 | -0.61% | -1.63% |
| 2090 | -0.61% | -1.62% |
| 2089 | -0.62% | -1.62% |
| 2088 | -0.62% | -1.62% |
| 2087 | -0.63% | -1.62% |
| 2086 | -0.63% | -1.62% |
| 2085 | -0.64% | -1.62% |
| 2084 | -0.64% | -1.61% |
| 2083 | -0.65% | -1.61% |
| 2082 | -0.65% | -1.6% |
| 2081 | -0.65% | -1.59% |
| 2080 | -0.65% | -1.58% |
| 2079 | -0.65% | -1.57% |
| 2078 | -0.65% | -1.56% |
| 2077 | -0.64% | -1.55% |
| 2076 | -0.63% | -1.53% |
| 2075 | -0.62% | -1.52% |
| 2074 | -0.61% | -1.51% |
| 2073 | -0.59% | -1.49% |
| 2072 | -0.58% | -1.48% |
| 2071 | -0.56% | -1.47% |
| 2070 | -0.54% | -1.46% |
| 2069 | -0.52% | -1.44% |
| 2068 | -0.49% | -1.43% |
| 2067 | -0.46% | -1.41% |
| 2066 | -0.44% | -1.4% |
| 2065 | -0.41% | -1.39% |
| 2064 | -0.38% | -1.37% |
| 2063 | -0.35% | -1.35% |
| 2062 | -0.31% | -1.34% |
| 2061 | -0.28% | -1.32% |
| 2060 | -0.24% | -1.3% |
| 2059 | -0.2% | -1.29% |
| 2058 | -0.16% | -1.26% |
| 2057 | -0.13% | -1.24% |
| 2056 | -0.09% | -1.22% |
| 2055 | -0.05% | -1.19% |
| 2054 | -0.009% | -1.17% |
| 2053 | 0.03% | -1.14% |
| 2052 | 0.06% | -1.12% |
| 2051 | 0.1% | -1.09% |
| 2050 | 0.13% | -1.07% |
| 2049 | 0.16% | -1.03% |
| 2048 | 0.19% | -1.01% |
| 2047 | 0.22% | -0.99% |
| 2046 | 0.24% | -0.96% |
| 2045 | 0.26% | -0.94% |
| 2044 | 0.28% | -0.92% |
| 2043 | 0.3% | -0.91% |
| 2042 | 0.32% | -0.9% |
| 2041 | 0.34% | -0.88% |
| 2040 | 0.35% | -0.88% |
| 2039 | 0.37% | -0.87% |
| 2038 | 0.38% | -0.86% |
| 2037 | 0.4% | -0.84% |
| 2036 | 0.41% | -0.83% |
| 2035 | 0.43% | -0.82% |
| 2034 | 0.44% | -0.81% |
| 2033 | 0.46% | -0.8% |
| 2032 | 0.49% | -0.8% |
| 2031 | 0.51% | -0.78% |
| 2030 | 0.55% | -0.77% |
| 2029 | 0.61% | -0.76% |
| 2028 | 0.68% | -0.74% |
| 2027 | 0.76% | -0.73% |
| 2026 | 0.86% | 3.66% |
| 2025 | 0.99% | 2.24% |
| 2024 | 1.06% | 0.34% |
| 2023 | 1.21% | -8.08% |
| 2022 | 1.21% | -7.34% |
| 2021 | 0.83% | -0.85% |
| 2020 | 0.77% | -0.62% |
| 2019 | 1.08% | -0.56% |
| 2018 | 1.28% | -0.5% |
| 2017 | 1.45% | -0.4% |
| 2016 | 1.44% | -0.37% |
| 2015 | 1.37% | -0.41% |
| 2014 | 1.35% | -0.33% |
| 2013 | 1.32% | -0.18% |
| 2012 | 1.26% | -0.21% |
| 2011 | 1.24% | -0.32% |
| 2010 | 1.26% | -0.36% |
| 2009 | 1.25% | -0.42% |
| 2008 | 1.22% | -0.52% |
| 2007 | 1.65% | -0.46% |
| 2006 | 2.18% | -0.64% |
| 2005 | 2.24% | -0.82% |
| 2004 | 2.16% | -0.69% |
| 2003 | 1.11% | -0.74% |
| 2002 | 0.83% | -0.87% |
| 2001 | 1.56% | -0.91% |
| 2000 | 1.49% | -0.84% |
| 1999 | 1.43% | -0.8% |
| 1998 | 1.38% | -0.8% |
| 1997 | 1.21% | -0.86% |
| 1996 | 1.09% | -0.85% |
| 1995 | 1.11% | -0.79% |
| 1994 | 0.19% | -0.52% |
| 1993 | 0.36% | 0.05% |
| 1992 | 2% | 0.29% |
| 1991 | 2.75% | 0.22% |
| 1990 | 2.95% | 0.26% |
| 1989 | 2.96% | 0.37% |
| 1988 | 3.28% | 0.41% |
| 1987 | 3.65% | 0.38% |
| 1986 | 3.76% | 0.41% |
| 1985 | 3.74% | 0.43% |
| 1984 | 3.83% | 0.49% |
| 1983 | 3.97% | 0.46% |
| 1982 | 5.44% | 0.43% |
| 1981 | 5.39% | 0.47% |
| 1980 | 3.69% | 0.47% |
| 1979 | 3.5% | 0.4% |
| 1978 | 3.32% | 0.37% |
| 1977 | 3.15% | 0.44% |
| 1976 | 3.06% | 0.52% |
| 1975 | 3.07% | 0.59% |
| 1974 | 3% | 0.62% |
| 1973 | 2.97% | 0.69% |
| 1972 | 2.97% | 0.79% |
| 1971 | 3.03% | 0.66% |
| 1970 | 3.08% | 0.61% |
| 1969 | 3.05% | 0.78% |
| 1968 | 3.04% | 0.86% |
| 1967 | 3.09% | 0.9% |
| 1966 | 3.16% | 0.92% |
| 1965 | 3.19% | 0.97% |
| 1964 | 3.16% | 1.1% |
| 1963 | 3.12% | 1.18% |
| 1962 | 3.08% | 1.25% |
| 1961 | 3.05% | 1.34% |
Data sources: United Nations | World Population Prospects (2025–2100, retrieved 2026-03-10); World Bank | Health (1961–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06).
GeoRank.org/population/iran/ukraine | CC BY
In 2024, the population of Iran grew by 1.06%, while Ukraine's population grew by 0.34%.
Live population counters
|
Iran
|
Ukraine
|
|
|---|---|---|
| Current population |
93468444
|
40125599
|
| Population rank | 17/197 | 40/197 |
| Percent of world population | 1.13% | 0.48% |
| One net population change |
32.9 seconds
|
4.13 minutes
|
| One birth every |
26.9 seconds
|
2.48 minutes
|
| One death every |
1.24 minutes
|
1.06 minutes
|
| Daily growth/decline | +2,627 | +349 |
| Annual growth/decline | +959,031 | +127,385 |
| Annual growth/decline rate | +1.06% | +0.34% |
| Population growth rate rank | 98/197 | 147/197 |
| One migration net change every |
4.51 minutes
|
18.6 seconds
|
| Annual migration change | +116,786 | +1,702,358 |
| Net migration rank | 14/196 | 1/196 |
| Foreign-born residents | 3,840,654 | 5,064,173 |
| Foreign-born residents rank | 17/195 | 14/195 |
| Foreign-born share of population | 4.2% | 13.4% |
| Foreign-born share rank | 103/195 | 51/195 |
Natural population change vs migration
| Year | Population change | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Iran
|
Ukraine
|
|||
| Natural | Migration | Natural | Migration | |
| 2025 | - | 116,786 | - | 1,702,358 |
| 2024 | - | 190,156 | - | 1,146,012 |
| 2023 | 750,150 | 262,044 | -283,185 | -299,961 |
| 2022 | 753,525 | 403,190 | -349,284 | -5,699,445 |
| 2021 | 645,725 | 334,967 | -449,941 | -1,129 |
| 2020 | 663,978 | -180,680 | -307,533 | -4,167 |
| 2019 | 893,063 | -32,794 | -236,296 | -6,908 |
| 2018 | 1,035,052 | -27,946 | -227,491 | -32,220 |
| 2017 | 1,140,549 | 34,849 | -158,390 | -36,155 |
| 2016 | 1,186,949 | 66,630 | -135,710 | -31,340 |
| 2015 | 1,178,317 | -46,239 | -147,107 | -21,992 |
| 2014 | 1,158,552 | -56,042 | -140,216 | -65,678 |
| 2013 | 1,119,533 | -47,322 | -129,662 | 26,781 |
| 2012 | 1,073,804 | -57,823 | -130,451 | 66,768 |
| 2011 | 1,023,925 | -65,924 | -158,372 | 26,457 |
| 2010 | 980,380 | -12,849 | -180,388 | 16,030 |
| 2009 | 958,322 | 211 | -197,918 | 26,796 |
| 2008 | 940,983 | -12,184 | -229,086 | 9,312 |
| 2007 | 919,254 | -24,950 | -282,659 | 15,237 |
| 2006 | 884,529 | 640,932 | -300,787 | 136,442 |
| 2005 | 837,305 | 765,873 | -337,857 | -111,493 |
| 2004 | 801,203 | 739,996 | -344,157 | 5,644 |
| 2003 | 732,600 | 700,222 | -351,299 | 18,540 |
| 2002 | 752,205 | -668,962 | -364,544 | -26,991 |
| 2001 | 743,658 | 291,692 | -374,734 | -92,847 |
| 2000 | 731,203 | 300,133 | -364,143 | -67,865 |
| 1999 | 723,237 | 191,988 | -348,286 | -59,247 |
| 1998 | 717,655 | 218,171 | -318,299 | -80,684 |
| 1997 | 726,574 | 98,009 | -306,549 | -108,735 |
| 1996 | 784,508 | -92,435 | -305,154 | -158,008 |
| 1995 | 879,648 | -220,258 | -281,629 | -134,053 |
| 1994 | 1,008,076 | -297,487 | -238,820 | -166,380 |
| 1993 | 1,219,658 | -1,696,091 | -169,405 | 26,357 |
| 1992 | 1,365,466 | -451,945 | -95,857 | 291,788 |
| 1991 | 1,495,594 | -13,059 | -16,486 | 125,962 |
| 1990 | 1,530,434 | 200,711 | 48,463 | 75,760 |
| 1989 | 1,609,739 | 9,460 | 106,431 | 36,978 |
| 1988 | 1,614,512 | 30,688 | 162,002 | 75,637 |
| 1987 | 1,639,644 | 213,524 | 198,850 | -18,275 |
| 1986 | 1,659,289 | 242,411 | 225,751 | -12,369 |
| 1985 | 1,661,750 | 163,999 | 201,011 | 5,546 |
| 1984 | 1,653,051 | 97,748 | 222,430 | 13,340 |
| 1983 | 1,573,612 | 204,544 | 241,741 | 23,608 |
| 1982 | 1,514,240 | 222,390 | 194,101 | 9,096 |
| 1981 | 1,376,830 | 1,452,169 | 182,839 | 40,807 |
| 1980 | 1,361,293 | 103,674 | 197,223 | 47,406 |
| 1979 | 1,294,306 | 75,451 | 197,294 | 25,635 |
| 1978 | 1,156,974 | 70,088 | 206,554 | -29,180 |
| 1977 | 1,091,542 | 68,093 | 216,932 | -24,745 |
| 1976 | 1,013,347 | 18,825 | 247,323 | -8,219 |
| 1975 | 929,481 | 106,921 | 256,787 | 15,336 |
| 1974 | 873,369 | 103,252 | 273,486 | 31,725 |
| 1973 | 831,880 | 104,779 | 274,938 | 18,777 |
| 1972 | 804,043 | 96,614 | 309,785 | 56,928 |
| 1971 | 805,830 | 77,717 | 305,849 | 74,604 |
| 1970 | 794,612 | 89,757 | 291,839 | -48,335 |
| 1969 | 780,660 | 78,196 | 274,858 | 51,763 |
| 1968 | 743,992 | 69,342 | 295,162 | 102,096 |
| 1967 | 727,276 | 77,313 | 313,899 | 85,527 |
| 1966 | 695,040 | 98,709 | 337,794 | 89,737 |
| 1965 | 663,029 | 127,808 | 334,365 | 69,354 |
| 1964 | 635,589 | 121,817 | 391,120 | 76,650 |
| 1963 | 620,126 | 110,190 | 449,648 | 60,178 |
| 1962 | 595,538 | 96,332 | 481,887 | 45,712 |
| 1961 | 594,674 | 77,811 | 508,602 | 51,625 |
| 1960 | 584,060 | 54,041 | 538,812 | 52,281 |
Data sources: World Bank | Health (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-04-06).
GeoRank.org/population/iran/ukraine | CC BY
Over the last 10 years, 92.5% of the population change in Iran is from natural causes (a gain of 9,405,860 people) and 7.46% is from migration (a gain of 757,979 people). In Ukraine 28.2% is from natural causes (a loss of 2,435,153 people) and 71.8% is from migration (a loss of 6,198,995 people).
As of 2024, 3,840,654 residents or 4.2% of the population were not native-born in Iran, compared to 5,064,173 people or 13.4% in Ukraine.
Biggest cities by population
Compare countries by 7 more topics
Population differences between Iran and Ukraine
|
Iran
|
Ukraine
|
|
|---|---|---|
| Life expectancy | 78.2 years | 75 years |
| Average age | 34.3 years | 43.1 years |
| Median age | 34.3 years | 43.2 years |
| Male:Female ratio | 50.8:49.2 | 46.5:53.5 |
| Fertility rate | 1.7 births per woman | 0.98 births per woman |
| Population density | 148.9 ppl/mi² | 179.4 ppl/mi² |
Population map with other countries
Data sources: World Bank | Health (1960–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06); United Nations | World Population Prospects (1960–2026, retrieved 2026-03-10); U.S. Census Bureau (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-02-08); Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) (2000–2019, retrieved 2026-02-20).
GeoRank.org/population/iran/ukraine | CC BY
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Data sources:
- World Bank | Health (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-04-06)
- United Nations | World Population Prospects (1960–2100, retrieved 2026-03-10)
- U.S. Census Bureau (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-02-08)
- Wikidata (2026, retrieved 2026-02-08)
- Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) (2000–2019, retrieved 2026-02-20)
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