The latest officially reported population of Trinidad and Tobago was 1,367,764 in 2025 vs 85,878,556 people in Turkey in 2025. In 2026, based on the adjusted UN estimation, the current Trinidad and Tobago's population is 1,370,916 people compared to 86,225,430 in Turkey.
Population statistics:
- Turkey's population is 62.9 times bigger than Trinidad and Tobago's.
- Trinidad and Tobago is ranked the 154th most populous country in the world, while Turkey is the 18th.
- The countries together account for 1.05% of the world: 0.02% for Trinidad and Tobago vs 1.04% for Turkey.
- For the last 10 years, Trinidad and Tobago has had an average growth rate of +0.15% per year vs +0.98% in Turkey.
- Since 2006, the population of Trinidad and Tobago has increased from 1.3M people to 1.37M (5.62% growth), while Turkey has grown from 70M to 86.2M (23.1% growth).
Trinidad and Tobago vs Turkey: population by year and forecast
| Year | Population | |
|---|---|---|
Trinidad
|
Turkey
|
|
| 2100 | 817,597 | 64,394,191 |
| 2099 | 825,167 | 65,045,868 |
| 2098 | 832,755 | 65,690,351 |
| 2097 | 840,398 | 66,342,622 |
| 2096 | 848,105 | 66,990,674 |
| 2095 | 855,896 | 67,642,188 |
| 2094 | 863,688 | 68,296,562 |
| 2093 | 871,563 | 68,963,773 |
| 2092 | 879,479 | 69,625,957 |
| 2091 | 887,507 | 70,290,255 |
| 2090 | 895,594 | 70,960,483 |
| 2089 | 903,792 | 71,623,547 |
| 2088 | 912,036 | 72,281,102 |
| 2087 | 920,411 | 72,928,397 |
| 2086 | 928,916 | 73,576,610 |
| 2085 | 937,549 | 74,223,570 |
| 2084 | 946,328 | 74,853,312 |
| 2083 | 955,303 | 75,483,067 |
| 2082 | 964,428 | 76,111,533 |
| 2081 | 973,767 | 76,726,689 |
| 2080 | 983,215 | 77,339,541 |
| 2079 | 992,890 | 77,938,889 |
| 2078 | 1,002,707 | 78,532,577 |
| 2077 | 1,012,724 | 79,120,573 |
| 2076 | 1,022,846 | 79,705,459 |
| 2075 | 1,033,103 | 80,277,544 |
| 2074 | 1,043,451 | 80,848,141 |
| 2073 | 1,053,862 | 81,396,237 |
| 2072 | 1,064,397 | 81,938,080 |
| 2071 | 1,074,937 | 82,465,112 |
| 2070 | 1,085,508 | 82,981,973 |
| 2069 | 1,096,081 | 83,480,362 |
| 2068 | 1,106,619 | 83,963,140 |
| 2067 | 1,117,029 | 84,428,242 |
| 2066 | 1,127,377 | 84,886,666 |
| 2065 | 1,137,666 | 85,336,225 |
| 2064 | 1,147,820 | 85,771,285 |
| 2063 | 1,157,795 | 86,187,013 |
| 2062 | 1,167,602 | 86,587,114 |
| 2061 | 1,177,258 | 86,962,577 |
| 2060 | 1,186,727 | 87,319,314 |
| 2059 | 1,196,052 | 87,663,392 |
| 2058 | 1,205,157 | 87,973,789 |
| 2057 | 1,214,148 | 88,264,809 |
| 2056 | 1,222,923 | 88,534,755 |
| 2055 | 1,231,559 | 88,764,080 |
| 2054 | 1,240,041 | 88,972,362 |
| 2053 | 1,248,279 | 89,151,673 |
| 2052 | 1,256,354 | 89,310,785 |
| 2051 | 1,264,264 | 89,437,110 |
| 2050 | 1,271,946 | 89,541,520 |
| 2049 | 1,279,479 | 89,614,107 |
| 2048 | 1,286,792 | 89,651,068 |
| 2047 | 1,293,925 | 89,659,415 |
| 2046 | 1,300,799 | 89,634,354 |
| 2045 | 1,307,495 | 89,608,012 |
| 2044 | 1,313,930 | 89,557,421 |
| 2043 | 1,320,145 | 89,493,042 |
| 2042 | 1,326,058 | 89,404,193 |
| 2041 | 1,331,703 | 89,303,546 |
| 2040 | 1,337,031 | 89,187,952 |
| 2039 | 1,342,067 | 89,051,669 |
| 2038 | 1,346,734 | 88,901,719 |
| 2037 | 1,351,096 | 88,727,471 |
| 2036 | 1,355,110 | 88,537,927 |
| 2035 | 1,358,761 | 88,343,153 |
| 2034 | 1,362,044 | 88,139,515 |
| 2033 | 1,364,882 | 87,918,397 |
| 2032 | 1,367,356 | 87,687,495 |
| 2031 | 1,369,304 | 87,437,150 |
| 2030 | 1,370,777 | 87,166,904 |
| 2029 | 1,371,753 | 86,903,490 |
| 2028 | 1,372,048 | 86,627,469 |
| 2027 | 1,371,592 | 86,350,539 |
| 2026 | 1,370,204 | 86,093,293 |
| 2025 | 1,367,764 | 85,878,556 |
| 2024 | 1,368,333 | 85,518,661 |
| 2023 | 1,367,510 | 85,325,965 |
| 2022 | 1,365,805 | 84,979,913 |
| 2021 | 1,367,558 | 84,147,318 |
| 2020 | 1,366,725 | 83,384,680 |
| 2019 | 1,363,985 | 82,579,440 |
| 2018 | 1,359,193 | 81,407,204 |
| 2017 | 1,356,633 | 80,312,698 |
| 2016 | 1,353,895 | 79,277,962 |
| 2015 | 1,349,667 | 78,218,479 |
| 2014 | 1,345,343 | 77,181,884 |
| 2013 | 1,340,557 | 76,147,624 |
| 2012 | 1,335,194 | 75,175,827 |
| 2011 | 1,328,019 | 74,223,629 |
| 2010 | 1,317,714 | 73,142,150 |
| 2009 | 1,310,106 | 72,039,206 |
| 2008 | 1,308,587 | 71,051,678 |
| 2007 | 1,303,188 | 70,158,112 |
| 2006 | 1,297,944 | 70,045,349 |
| 2005 | 1,294,494 | 69,329,557 |
| 2004 | 1,345,380 | 68,592,617 |
| 2003 | 1,338,709 | 67,831,730 |
| 2002 | 1,332,011 | 67,048,795 |
| 2001 | 1,325,567 | 66,245,128 |
| 2000 | 1,319,774 | 65,425,961 |
| 1999 | 1,314,708 | 64,591,923 |
| 1998 | 1,310,225 | 63,734,383 |
| 1997 | 1,305,836 | 62,852,966 |
| 1996 | 1,300,928 | 61,951,134 |
| 1995 | 1,295,169 | 61,024,503 |
| 1994 | 1,288,341 | 60,033,836 |
| 1993 | 1,280,466 | 58,999,167 |
| 1992 | 1,271,674 | 57,990,118 |
| 1991 | 1,262,171 | 57,009,887 |
| 1990 | 1,252,208 | 56,015,628 |
| 1989 | 1,241,600 | 54,976,723 |
| 1988 | 1,230,069 | 53,909,626 |
| 1987 | 1,217,364 | 52,843,670 |
| 1986 | 1,203,124 | 51,777,772 |
| 1985 | 1,187,366 | 50,687,115 |
| 1984 | 1,172,984 | 49,574,069 |
| 1983 | 1,160,534 | 48,447,410 |
| 1982 | 1,147,927 | 47,322,096 |
| 1981 | 1,135,132 | 46,321,190 |
| 1980 | 1,121,744 | 45,408,815 |
| 1979 | 1,107,639 | 44,510,429 |
| 1978 | 1,093,380 | 43,645,306 |
| 1977 | 1,079,554 | 42,773,298 |
| 1976 | 1,066,311 | 41,899,984 |
| 1975 | 1,053,469 | 41,053,126 |
| 1974 | 1,040,761 | 40,210,234 |
| 1973 | 1,027,851 | 39,329,533 |
| 1972 | 1,014,921 | 38,430,221 |
| 1971 | 1,002,585 | 37,518,611 |
| 1970 | 991,471 | 36,638,465 |
| 1969 | 980,706 | 35,787,774 |
| 1968 | 969,006 | 34,921,684 |
| 1967 | 956,418 | 34,050,421 |
| 1966 | 942,937 | 33,177,672 |
| 1965 | 928,425 | 32,345,220 |
| 1964 | 912,963 | 31,543,072 |
| 1963 | 896,804 | 30,726,841 |
| 1962 | 880,194 | 29,916,147 |
| 1961 | 863,144 | 29,119,238 |
| 1960 | 844,943 | 28,329,898 |
Data sources: United Nations | World Population Prospects (2026–2100, retrieved 2026-07-08); World Bank | Health (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08).
GeoRank.org/population/trinidad-and-tobago/turkey | CC BY 
From 2006 to 2016, the population of Trinidad and Tobago increased by 55,951 people (a 4.31% growth), while Turkey gained 9,232,613 people (a 13.2% growth).
For the next 10 years, from 2016 to 2026, Trinidad and Tobago gained 17,021 people (a 1.26% growth), while Turkey's population increased by 6,947,468 people (a 8.76% growth).
Trinidad and Tobago was ranked 150th most populous country in 2006 and is 154th in 2026. Turkey was ranked 18th in 2006 and still ranked 18th now.
The UN's World Population Prospects forecasts that in 24 years (in 2050) Trinidad and Tobago's population will shrink by 7.22% to 1,271,946 people with a rank change from 154th to 158th. The population of Turkey will increase by 3.85% to 89,541,520 people and rank change from 18th to 19th.
Trinidad and Tobago is projected to reach its peak in 2028 at 1.37M people compared to the peak of 89.7M people in 2047 for Turkey.
Population growth rate by year
| Year | Growth rate | |
|---|---|---|
|
Trinidad
|
Turkey
|
|
| 2100 | -0.92% | -1% |
| 2099 | -0.91% | -0.98% |
| 2098 | -0.91% | -0.98% |
| 2097 | -0.91% | -0.97% |
| 2096 | -0.91% | -0.96% |
| 2095 | -0.9% | -0.96% |
| 2094 | -0.9% | -0.97% |
| 2093 | -0.9% | -0.95% |
| 2092 | -0.9% | -0.95% |
| 2091 | -0.9% | -0.94% |
| 2090 | -0.91% | -0.93% |
| 2089 | -0.9% | -0.91% |
| 2088 | -0.91% | -0.89% |
| 2087 | -0.92% | -0.88% |
| 2086 | -0.92% | -0.87% |
| 2085 | -0.93% | -0.84% |
| 2084 | -0.94% | -0.83% |
| 2083 | -0.95% | -0.83% |
| 2082 | -0.96% | -0.8% |
| 2081 | -0.96% | -0.79% |
| 2080 | -0.97% | -0.77% |
| 2079 | -0.98% | -0.76% |
| 2078 | -0.99% | -0.74% |
| 2077 | -0.99% | -0.73% |
| 2076 | -0.99% | -0.71% |
| 2075 | -0.99% | -0.71% |
| 2074 | -0.99% | -0.67% |
| 2073 | -0.99% | -0.66% |
| 2072 | -0.98% | -0.64% |
| 2071 | -0.97% | -0.62% |
| 2070 | -0.96% | -0.6% |
| 2069 | -0.95% | -0.57% |
| 2068 | -0.93% | -0.55% |
| 2067 | -0.92% | -0.54% |
| 2066 | -0.9% | -0.53% |
| 2065 | -0.88% | -0.51% |
| 2064 | -0.86% | -0.48% |
| 2063 | -0.84% | -0.46% |
| 2062 | -0.82% | -0.43% |
| 2061 | -0.8% | -0.41% |
| 2060 | -0.78% | -0.39% |
| 2059 | -0.76% | -0.35% |
| 2058 | -0.74% | -0.33% |
| 2057 | -0.72% | -0.3% |
| 2056 | -0.7% | -0.26% |
| 2055 | -0.68% | -0.23% |
| 2054 | -0.66% | -0.2% |
| 2053 | -0.64% | -0.18% |
| 2052 | -0.63% | -0.14% |
| 2051 | -0.6% | -0.12% |
| 2050 | -0.59% | -0.08% |
| 2049 | -0.57% | -0.04% |
| 2048 | -0.55% | -0.009% |
| 2047 | -0.53% | 0.03% |
| 2046 | -0.51% | 0.03% |
| 2045 | -0.49% | 0.06% |
| 2044 | -0.47% | 0.07% |
| 2043 | -0.45% | 0.1% |
| 2042 | -0.42% | 0.11% |
| 2041 | -0.4% | 0.13% |
| 2040 | -0.38% | 0.15% |
| 2039 | -0.35% | 0.17% |
| 2038 | -0.32% | 0.2% |
| 2037 | -0.3% | 0.21% |
| 2036 | -0.27% | 0.22% |
| 2035 | -0.24% | 0.23% |
| 2034 | -0.21% | 0.25% |
| 2033 | -0.18% | 0.26% |
| 2032 | -0.14% | 0.29% |
| 2031 | -0.11% | 0.31% |
| 2030 | -0.07% | 0.3% |
| 2029 | -0.02% | 0.32% |
| 2028 | 0.03% | 0.32% |
| 2027 | 0.1% | 0.3% |
| 2026 | 0.18% | 0.25% |
| 2025 | -0.04% | 0.42% |
| 2024 | 0.06% | 0.23% |
| 2023 | 0.12% | 0.41% |
| 2022 | -0.13% | 0.99% |
| 2021 | 0.06% | 0.91% |
| 2020 | 0.2% | 0.98% |
| 2019 | 0.35% | 1.44% |
| 2018 | 0.19% | 1.36% |
| 2017 | 0.2% | 1.31% |
| 2016 | 0.31% | 1.35% |
| 2015 | 0.32% | 1.34% |
| 2014 | 0.36% | 1.36% |
| 2013 | 0.4% | 1.29% |
| 2012 | 0.54% | 1.28% |
| 2011 | 0.78% | 1.48% |
| 2010 | 0.58% | 1.53% |
| 2009 | 0.12% | 1.39% |
| 2008 | 0.41% | 1.27% |
| 2007 | 0.4% | 0.16% |
| 2006 | 0.27% | 1.03% |
| 2005 | -3.78% | 1.07% |
| 2004 | 0.5% | 1.12% |
| 2003 | 0.5% | 1.17% |
| 2002 | 0.49% | 1.21% |
| 2001 | 0.44% | 1.25% |
| 2000 | 0.39% | 1.29% |
| 1999 | 0.34% | 1.35% |
| 1998 | 0.34% | 1.4% |
| 1997 | 0.38% | 1.46% |
| 1996 | 0.44% | 1.52% |
| 1995 | 0.53% | 1.65% |
| 1994 | 0.62% | 1.75% |
| 1993 | 0.69% | 1.74% |
| 1992 | 0.75% | 1.72% |
| 1991 | 0.8% | 1.77% |
| 1990 | 0.85% | 1.89% |
| 1989 | 0.94% | 1.98% |
| 1988 | 1.04% | 2.02% |
| 1987 | 1.18% | 2.06% |
| 1986 | 1.33% | 2.15% |
| 1985 | 1.23% | 2.25% |
| 1984 | 1.07% | 2.33% |
| 1983 | 1.1% | 2.38% |
| 1982 | 1.13% | 2.16% |
| 1981 | 1.19% | 2.01% |
| 1980 | 1.27% | 2.02% |
| 1979 | 1.3% | 1.98% |
| 1978 | 1.28% | 2.04% |
| 1977 | 1.24% | 2.08% |
| 1976 | 1.22% | 2.06% |
| 1975 | 1.22% | 2.1% |
| 1974 | 1.26% | 2.24% |
| 1973 | 1.27% | 2.34% |
| 1972 | 1.23% | 2.43% |
| 1971 | 1.12% | 2.4% |
| 1970 | 1.1% | 2.38% |
| 1969 | 1.21% | 2.48% |
| 1968 | 1.32% | 2.56% |
| 1967 | 1.43% | 2.63% |
| 1966 | 1.56% | 2.57% |
| 1965 | 1.69% | 2.54% |
| 1964 | 1.8% | 2.66% |
| 1963 | 1.89% | 2.71% |
| 1962 | 1.98% | 2.74% |
| 1961 | 2.15% | 2.79% |
Data sources: United Nations | World Population Prospects (2026–2100, retrieved 2026-07-08); World Bank | Health (1961–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08).
GeoRank.org/population/trinidad-and-tobago/turkey | CC BY
In 2025, the population of Trinidad and Tobago declined by 0.04%, while Turkey's population grew by 0.42%.
Live population counters
|
Trinidad
|
Turkey
|
|
|---|---|---|
| Current population |
1370916
|
86225430
|
| Population rank | 154/197 | 18/197 |
| Percent of world population | 0.02% | 1.04% |
| One net population change |
15.4 hours
|
1.46 minutes
|
| One birth every |
36.4 minutes
|
33.5 seconds
|
| One death every |
44 minutes
|
1.08 minutes
|
| Daily growth/decline | -2 | +986 |
| Annual growth/decline | -569 | +359,895 |
| Annual growth/decline rate | -0.04% | +0.42% |
| Population growth rate rank | 160/197 | 138/197 |
| One migration net change every |
12.7 hours
|
2.04 minutes
|
| Annual migration change | +691 | -258,205 |
| Net migration rank | 67/196 | 188/196 |
| Foreign-born residents | 113,478 | 7,083,501 |
| Foreign-born residents rank | 128/195 | 11/195 |
| Foreign-born share of population | 7.5% | 8.1% |
| Foreign-born share rank | 78/195 | 75/195 |
Natural population change vs migration
| Year | Population change | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Trinidad
|
Turkey
|
|||
| Natural | Migration | Natural | Migration | |
| 2025 | - | 691 | - | -258,205 |
| 2024 | 2,469 | 1,334 | 453,249 | -275,952 |
| 2023 | 3,200 | 2,126 | 426,630 | -318,070 |
| 2022 | 3,773 | 4,247 | 535,373 | -301,544 |
| 2021 | 2,091 | 5,749 | 521,713 | 20,283 |
| 2020 | 4,558 | 427 | 608,708 | 37,934 |
| 2019 | 5,647 | -19,251 | 751,472 | -15,690 |
| 2018 | 5,869 | 35,502 | 830,353 | 187,570 |
| 2017 | 6,779 | 1,445 | 875,408 | 659,846 |
| 2016 | 7,436 | -86 | 895,841 | 352,063 |
| 2015 | 7,963 | -575 | 930,799 | 1,063,140 |
| 2014 | 8,571 | -799 | 957,055 | 1,033,384 |
| 2013 | 9,020 | -796 | 921,386 | 438,618 |
| 2012 | 9,376 | -880 | 917,145 | 258,623 |
| 2011 | 9,601 | -1,410 | 875,839 | 68,849 |
| 2010 | 9,698 | -2,230 | 892,334 | 55,532 |
| 2009 | 9,769 | -3,056 | 900,491 | 24,276 |
| 2008 | 9,872 | -3,624 | 868,749 | 47,915 |
| 2007 | 9,939 | -3,731 | 876,626 | -186,402 |
| 2006 | 9,889 | -3,684 | 897,351 | -190,194 |
| 2005 | 9,822 | -3,595 | 898,650 | -174,177 |
| 2004 | 10,149 | -3,504 | 896,025 | -146,574 |
| 2003 | 10,169 | -3,472 | 893,683 | -121,383 |
| 2002 | 10,316 | -3,613 | 922,927 | -129,444 |
| 2001 | 10,438 | -4,252 | 980,560 | -166,759 |
| 2000 | 10,588 | -5,185 | 1,020,515 | -195,996 |
| 1999 | 10,821 | -6,103 | 1,063,312 | -219,778 |
| 1998 | 10,964 | -6,730 | 1,103,242 | -231,744 |
| 1997 | 11,405 | -6,865 | 1,099,738 | -208,465 |
| 1996 | 12,101 | -6,827 | 1,091,827 | -179,423 |
| 1995 | 12,971 | -6,723 | 1,090,630 | -149,737 |
| 1994 | 14,032 | -6,615 | 1,078,208 | -37,762 |
| 1993 | 14,878 | -6,554 | 1,064,168 | -35,245 |
| 1992 | 15,910 | -6,650 | 1,039,125 | -49,923 |
| 1991 | 16,903 | -7,149 | 1,041,229 | -69,982 |
| 1990 | 18,052 | -7,878 | 1,044,467 | -27,193 |
| 1989 | 19,636 | -8,588 | 1,094,036 | -33,519 |
| 1988 | 21,028 | -9,023 | 1,101,266 | -27,659 |
| 1987 | 22,398 | -9,002 | 1,099,042 | -40,772 |
| 1986 | 23,705 | -8,620 | 1,102,660 | -29,134 |
| 1985 | 24,487 | -8,051 | 1,098,846 | 8,960 |
| 1984 | 24,738 | -12,413 | 1,096,529 | 21,787 |
| 1983 | 25,118 | -12,544 | 1,095,106 | 39,871 |
| 1982 | 25,181 | -12,529 | 1,091,863 | 23,728 |
| 1981 | 25,015 | -12,086 | 1,100,082 | -213,889 |
| 1980 | 24,557 | -10,709 | 1,090,538 | -151,969 |
| 1979 | 23,475 | -9,106 | 1,076,707 | -218,509 |
| 1978 | 22,538 | -8,397 | 1,054,863 | -182,818 |
| 1977 | 21,660 | -8,154 | 1,023,779 | -151,825 |
| 1976 | 20,875 | -7,895 | 1,009,999 | -135,377 |
| 1975 | 20,468 | -7,768 | 1,012,904 | -193,829 |
| 1974 | 20,412 | -7,683 | 1,020,053 | -153,311 |
| 1973 | 20,617 | -7,524 | 1,025,675 | -130,985 |
| 1972 | 20,116 | -7,346 | 1,023,781 | -119,850 |
| 1971 | 19,400 | -7,499 | 1,014,165 | -94,891 |
| 1970 | 19,074 | -8,751 | 991,950 | -150,924 |
| 1969 | 19,652 | -8,449 | 970,958 | -110,578 |
| 1968 | 20,849 | -8,647 | 950,778 | -78,973 |
| 1967 | 21,992 | -9,008 | 936,727 | -65,993 |
| 1966 | 23,228 | -9,254 | 925,790 | -50,999 |
| 1965 | 24,349 | -9,301 | 904,016 | -113,911 |
| 1964 | 25,065 | -9,193 | 884,152 | -69,978 |
| 1963 | 25,507 | -9,067 | 862,626 | -44,317 |
| 1962 | 25,763 | -8,982 | 837,473 | -34,353 |
| 1961 | 25,518 | -8,200 | 816,911 | -26,187 |
| 1960 | 24,766 | -5,671 | 773,009 | 14,948 |
Data sources: World Bank | Health (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08).
GeoRank.org/population/trinidad-and-tobago/turkey | CC BY
Over the last 10 years, 61.7% of the population change in Trinidad and Tobago is from natural causes (a gain of 49,785 people) and 38.3% is from migration (a gain of 30,918 people). In Turkey 82.9% is from natural causes (a gain of 6,829,546 people) and 17.1% is from migration (a gain of 1,409,580 people).
As of 2024, 113,478 residents or 7.5% of the population were not native-born in Trinidad and Tobago, compared to 7,083,501 people or 8.1% in Turkey.
Biggest cities by population
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Population differences between Trinidad and Tobago and Turkey
|
Trinidad
|
Turkey
|
|
|---|---|---|
| Life expectancy | 73.9 years | 78.4 years |
| Average age | 38.5 years | 35.7 years |
| Median age | 38.6 years | 34.5 years |
| Male:Female ratio | 49.4:50.6 | 49.9:50.1 |
| Fertility rate | 1.54 births per woman | 1.48 births per woman |
| Population density | 692 ppl/mi² | 289.7 ppl/mi² |
Population map with other countries
Data sources: World Bank | Health (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08); United Nations | World Population Prospects (1960–2026, retrieved 2026-07-08); U.S. Census Bureau (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08); Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) (2000–2019, retrieved 2026-07-08).
GeoRank.org/population/trinidad-and-tobago/turkey | CC BY
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Data sources:
- World Bank | Health (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08)
- United Nations | World Population Prospects (1960–2100, retrieved 2026-07-08)
- U.S. Census Bureau (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08)
- Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) (2000–2019, retrieved 2026-07-08)
- Wikidata (2026, retrieved 2026-07-08)
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