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Economy of Trinidad and Tobago vs United Arab Emirates compared: GDP & Debt

Updated on by Georank team

Trinidad and Tobago has a GDP of $26.4B compared to $537B for the United Arab Emirates, ranking 114/197 and 29/197 by economy size, respectively.

Trinidad and Tobago has $17B in government debt (67.2% of GDP), compared to $172B (32.8% of GDP) in the United Arab Emirates.

The chart below compares the two countries' GDP growth in both current (nominal) and constant dollars, accounting for inflation over time.

Trinidad and Tobago
GDP, current $

GDP, constant 2015 $
United Arab Emirates
GDP, current $

GDP, constant 2015 $
Year GDP
Trinidad UAE
Current $ Constant $ Current $ Constant $
1960 $535,673,252 $3,630,222,802 - -
1961 $584,964,621 $4,139,799,750 - -
1962 $619,322,810 $4,253,332,232 - -
1963 $678,239,329 $4,491,714,373 - -
1964 $711,897,520 $4,834,454,628 - -
1965 $736,573,159 $4,867,998,505 - -
1966 $723,739,857 $5,065,484,518 - -
1967 $761,981,912 $5,168,947,937 - -
1968 $758,899,950 $5,438,515,892 - -
1969 $779,200,000 $5,587,024,608 - -
1970 $821,850,000 $5,784,449,703 $685,986,701 $14,070,592,924
1971 $896,765,215 $5,844,627,406 $939,893,600 $19,222,171,572
1972 $1,083,391,758 $6,182,467,140 $1,415,086,929 $26,734,126,559
1973 $1,308,785,431 $6,284,874,810 $4,231,243,616 $47,217,855,776
1974 $2,042,001,071 $6,524,177,955 $11,651,505,689 $54,063,519,993
1975 $2,442,669,825 $6,620,603,046 $14,720,728,249 $57,430,272,387
1976 $2,500,424,955 $7,044,662,296 $19,213,158,779 $66,921,691,096
1977 $3,138,666,667 $7,687,261,624 $24,871,775,165 $81,269,253,405
1978 $3,562,333,458 $8,457,254,686 $23,775,764,225 $79,977,394,655
1979 $4,602,416,625 $8,761,662,363 $31,225,659,621 $96,711,523,271
1980 $6,235,833,333 $9,672,070,064 $43,599,160,050 $119,801,181,765
1981 $6,992,083,333 $10,114,780,883 $49,333,424,135 $125,382,930,480
1982 $8,140,416,667 $10,499,073,581 $46,622,718,605 $116,958,054,939
1983 $7,763,750,000 $9,417,634,514 $42,803,323,345 $111,407,435,357
1984 $7,757,083,333 $8,876,035,190 $41,807,954,236 $115,882,617,757
1985 $7,375,918,367 $8,510,394,061 $40,603,650,232 $111,717,244,274
1986 $4,794,444,444 $8,231,324,363 $33,943,612,095 $95,006,426,309
1987 $4,797,777,778 $7,855,829,575 $36,384,908,744 $98,219,526,270
1988 $4,496,910,569 $7,547,902,734 $36,275,674,203 $95,647,247,530
1989 $4,323,058,824 $7,485,261,616 $41,464,995,914 $107,448,100,944
1990 $5,068,000,000 $7,598,226,778 $50,701,443,748 $127,141,173,341
1991 $5,307,905,882 $7,834,714,586 $51,552,165,622 $128,234,691,621
1992 $5,439,552,941 $8,625,470,724 $54,239,171,888 $132,524,071,346
1993 $4,669,491,134 $8,567,756,425 $55,625,170,253 $134,195,452,934
1994 $4,947,181,646 $8,873,383,771 $59,305,093,980 $143,449,770,720
1995 $5,329,217,747 $9,211,451,985 $65,743,666,576 $153,043,528,513
1996 $5,759,570,336 $9,868,640,951 $73,571,233,996 $161,917,610,698
1997 $5,737,771,523 $10,611,044,464 $78,839,008,445 $175,179,308,497
1998 $6,043,686,654 $11,473,145,562 $75,674,336,283 $175,690,822,167
1999 $6,808,982,521 $12,393,844,571 $84,445,473,111 $180,789,745,171
2000 $8,154,342,116 $13,249,188,352 $104,337,372,362 $200,410,321,466
2001 $8,824,849,191 $13,801,483,946 $103,311,640,572 $203,214,232,287
2002 $9,008,298,229 $14,896,867,659 $109,816,201,498 $208,159,362,863
2003 $11,305,459,802 $17,048,122,760 $124,346,358,067 $226,478,512,549
2004 $13,280,291,990 $18,403,457,301 $147,824,370,320 $248,144,435,950
2005 $15,982,389,018 $19,546,116,532 $180,617,467,965 $260,192,198,684
2006 $18,369,361,094 $22,127,779,059 $222,116,541,865 $285,788,137,283
2007 $21,641,620,050 $23,179,780,078 $257,916,133,424 $294,888,746,643
2008 $27,871,587,350 $23,965,977,273 $315,474,615,739 $304,301,112,625
2009 $19,172,165,226 $22,913,456,440 $253,547,358,747 $288,346,842,937
2010 $22,157,920,592 $23,674,922,086 $300,189,052,689 $292,968,610,444
2011 $25,433,007,437 $23,605,233,909 $360,832,739,551 $311,179,896,154
2012 $27,147,349,937 $25,189,164,853 $384,610,125,391 $316,857,313,566
2013 $28,560,536,917 $26,031,643,292 $400,218,529,748 $332,876,224,084
2014 $29,474,180,442 $26,993,607,567 $414,105,366,753 $346,742,821,790
2015 $26,841,143,095 $26,841,143,095 $370,275,469,571 $370,275,469,571
2016 $23,624,333,664 $24,853,971,610 $369,255,326,236 $390,868,305,597
2017 $23,847,765,529 $23,656,360,891 $390,516,804,030 $393,741,456,224
2018 $23,888,910,152 $23,423,221,520 $427,049,432,158 $398,914,879,875
2019 $23,588,037,787 $23,533,735,415 $417,989,721,743 $403,336,245,504
2020 $20,991,339,707 $21,438,575,322 $349,473,015,330 $383,342,656,333
2021 $24,177,305,760 $21,243,057,044 $415,178,792,757 $400,036,290,964
2022 $28,510,328,245 $21,472,954,153 $502,731,935,194 $430,077,804,445
2023 $25,489,373,405 $21,779,397,559 $514,130,432,648 $445,641,058,044
2024 $26,428,963,758 $22,138,889,024 $537,078,829,135 $462,404,360,915

Economic indicators

Trinidad UAE
Gross domestic product
$26.4B
2024
$537B
2024
GDP rank
114/197
2024
29/197
2024
GDP growth
3.69%
2023-2024
4.46%
2023-2024
GDP per capita
$19,315
2024
$49,378
2024
GDP per capita rank
60/197
2024
24/197
2024
GDP per capita, PPP
$36,021
2024
$77,959
2024
Government debt
$17B
2024
$172B
2024
Debt-to-GDP ratio
67.2%
2025
32.8%
2025
Government debt per person
$12,454
2024
$15,857
2024
Government debt per person rank
45/185
2024
39/185
2024
Average annual personal income after taxes
$11,432
2025
$40,921
2025
Market capitalization of domestic companies
$3.89B
2001
$1.05T
2024
Number of millionaires n/a
202,201
2024
Number of billionaires n/a
6
2025
Income share by richest 10%
29.9%
1992
20.5%
2018
Income share by poorest 10%
2.1%
1992
2.8%
2018
Government expenditure, % of GDP
32.4%
2025
24%
2025
Consumer prices inflation
0.53%
2023-2024
1.6%
2024-2025
Central bank interest rate
3.5%
2020
4.15%
2025
Unemployment rate
3.36%
2023
1.88%
2024
Population
1372940
11372700

GDP per capita in Trinidad and Tobago vs United Arab Emirates

Trinidad and Tobago's GDP per capita is $19,315, ranking 60/197, compared to $49,378 in the United Arab Emirates, ranking 24/197. Adjusted for purchasing power (GDP per capita PPP), Trinidad and Tobago ranks 62nd at $36,021, while the United Arab Emirates ranks 16th at $77,959.

Trinidad and Tobago
GDP per capita

GDP per capita, PPP
United Arab Emirates
GDP per capita

GDP per capita, PPP
Year Current $
Trinidad UAE
GDP per capita GDP per capita, PPP GDP per capita GDP per capita, PPP
1960 $634 - - -
1961 $678 - - -
1962 $704 - - -
1963 $756 - - -
1964 $780 - - -
1965 $793 - - -
1966 $768 - - -
1967 $797 - - -
1968 $783 - - -
1969 $795 - - -
1970 $829 - $2,394 -
1971 $894 - $2,805 -
1972 $1,067 - $3,675 -
1973 $1,273 - $9,696 -
1974 $1,962 - $23,823 -
1975 $2,319 - $27,117 -
1976 $2,345 - $31,197 -
1977 $2,907 - $35,020 -
1978 $3,258 - $29,379 -
1979 $4,155 - $34,238 -
1980 $5,559 - $42,925 -
1981 $6,160 - $44,854 -
1982 $7,091 - $39,972 -
1983 $6,690 - $34,650 -
1984 $6,613 - $32,012 -
1985 $6,212 - $29,468 -
1986 $3,985 - $23,132 -
1987 $3,941 - $23,113 -
1988 $3,656 - $21,570 -
1989 $3,482 - $23,167 -
1990 $4,047 $6,878 $26,710 $86,949
1991 $4,205 $7,274 $25,691 $85,765
1992 $4,277 $8,129 $25,648 $86,019
1993 $3,647 $8,209 $25,033 $84,860
1994 $3,840 $8,631 $25,473 $88,427
1995 $4,115 $9,099 $27,003 $92,107
1996 $4,427 $9,883 $28,323 $93,009
1997 $4,394 $10,769 $27,983 $94,374
1998 $4,613 $11,735 $24,889 $88,693
1999 $5,179 $12,812 $25,856 $86,165
2000 $6,179 $13,953 $29,866 $91,318
2001 $6,657 $14,797 $27,745 $88,832
2002 $6,763 $16,141 $27,754 $86,960
2003 $8,445 $18,743 $29,660 $91,059
2004 $9,871 $20,674 $33,377 $96,982
2005 $12,346 $23,536 $38,719 $99,577
2006 $14,153 $27,393 $44,343 $104,995
2007 $16,607 $29,355 $45,855 $99,097
2008 $21,299 $30,807 $50,054 $93,017
2009 $14,634 $29,602 $37,803 $83,337
2010 $16,815 $30,778 $43,697 $83,671
2011 $19,151 $31,078 $50,789 $87,709
2012 $20,332 $31,883 $52,034 $87,340
2013 $21,305 $31,746 $52,024 $85,515
2014 $21,908 $32,027 $51,381 $85,248
2015 $19,887 $29,825 $43,535 $71,720
2016 $17,449 $28,232 $41,326 $67,702
2017 $17,579 $28,505 $42,341 $68,043
2018 $17,576 $28,680 $45,690 $75,071
2019 $17,293 $29,454 $44,251 $76,885
2020 $15,359 $26,863 $37,174 $65,353
2021 $17,679 $30,425 $43,360 $67,401
2022 $20,874 $32,989 $49,899 $73,778
2023 $18,639 $34,620 $49,041 $76,110
2024 $19,315 $36,021 $49,378 $77,959

Spending and national debt comparison

In 2024, Trinidad and Tobago's government spending was $8.51B, accounting for 32.4% of its GDP, while the United Arab Emirates' spent $125B, or 24% of GDP.

Debt-to-GDP ratio is 67.2% in Trinidad and Tobago and 32.8% in the United Arab Emirates, ranking 63/185 and 156/185, respectively.

Trinidad and Tobago
Government spending

Government debt
United Arab Emirates
Government spending

Government debt
Year % of GDP
Trinidad UAE
Government spending Government debt Government spending Government debt
1988 45.3% 65.3% - -
1989 30.9% 51.9% - -
1990 26.9% 47.7% - -
1991 29.6% 49.5% 36% 4.97%
1992 28.6% 49.2% 29.6% 5.31%
1993 26.9% 58.8% 31.5% 6.01%
1994 25.4% 52.6% 30.1% 5.58%
1995 26.2% 50.1% 26.1% 5.06%
1996 27.6% 47% 27.6% 3.48%
1997 27.2% 46.1% 22.6% 2.86%
1998 26.9% 42.8% 25.8% 4.18%
1999 24.1% 42.2% 24.3% 4.73%
2000 23.1% 38.9% 21.8% 3.12%
2001 24.8% 36.6% 25.2% 2.69%
2002 24.4% 37% 21.3% 3.43%
2003 22.2% 30.2% 20% 3.33%
2004 22.5% 24.2% 17.7% 4.08%
2005 26.7% 19.8% 15.7% 4.48%
2006 31.6% 16.9% 15.6% 5.05%
2007 25.7% 16.2% 17.7% 8.89%
2008 26.7% 13.5% 22% 8.95%
2009 37% 20.7% 35% 21.1%
2010 30.4% 16.8% 31.1% 18.8%
2011 29.4% 26.4% 30.3% 20.9%
2012 29.5% 21.8% 28.4% 20.7%
2013 31.3% 21.6% 29.6% 15.6%
2014 32.8% 23.5% 32.2% 13.8%
2015 35% 27.1% 27.2% 16.1%
2016 31.9% 35.4% 32.8% 19.3%
2017 30.7% 39.8% 28.1% 21.9%
2018 30.2% 41.5% 26.7% 21.3%
2019 31% 46% 28.4% 26.8%
2020 36% 62.2% 31.1% 41.3%
2021 30.4% 58.5% 26.4% 36.3%
2022 27.1% 51% 23.1% 32.1%
2023 32.9% 61.1% 23% 32.4%
2024 32.2% 64.5% 23.2% 32.1%
2025 32.4% 67.2% 24% 32.8%

Government deficit by year

In 2024, Trinidad and Tobago's government deficit, the difference between spending and revenue, was -$1.57B, equivalent to -5.92% of GDP. This compares to the United Arab Emirates' surplus of $25.9B, or 4.83% of GDP.

Over the past 34 years, Trinidad and Tobago recorded a fiscal deficit in 21 of those years, while the United Arab Emirates ran a deficit in 8 years. On average, Trinidad and Tobago posted an annual deficit equal to -1.98% of GDP, compared to surplus of +4.22% of GDP for the United Arab Emirates.

Deficit/surplus
Trinidad and Tobago

United Arab Emirates
Year Deficit/surplus, % of GDP
Trinidad UAE
1988 -9.34% -
1989 -4.46% -
1990 -1.27% -
1991 -0.21% 3.89%
1992 -2.74% 3.34%
1993 0.23% -2.89%
1994 -0.02% -1.78%
1995 0.17% 3.58%
1996 -0.45% 0.92%
1997 0.11% 6.71%
1998 -1.8% 1%
1999 -0.88% 1.31%
2000 0.17% 10.7%
2001 0.61% 1.21%
2002 -0.2% -1.24%
2003 1.8% 2.35%
2004 1.84% 6.4%
2005 2.36% 16%
2006 1.56% 20.2%
2007 3.12% 17.1%
2008 5.39% 17.6%
2009 -5.42% -6.13%
2010 0.13% 0.53%
2011 -0.67% 5.17%
2012 -1.26% 8.77%
2013 -2.67% 8.18%
2014 -4.31% 1.79%
2015 -7.56% -6.56%
2016 -10.1% -3.05%
2017 -10.4% -0.16%
2018 -5.89% 3.77%
2019 -3.72% 2.59%
2020 -12.1% -2.47%
2021 -8.1% 4.03%
2022 0.92% 9.97%
2023 -1.19% 5.91%
2024 -5.92% 4.83%
2025 -3.39% 2.89%

Inflation comparison by year

Over the past 29 years, Trinidad and Tobago has recorded an average annual inflation rate of 4.83%, compared with 2.76% in the United Arab Emirates. In 2024, inflation was 0.53% in Trinidad and Tobago and 1.6% in the United Arab Emirates.

Inflation
Trinidad and Tobago

United Arab Emirates
Year Inflation
Trinidad UAE Trinidad UAE
1996 3.4% 3%
1997 3.63% 3%
1998 5.61% 2%
1999 3.44% 2.1%
2000 3.56% 1.3%
2001 5.54% 2.8%
2002 4.15% 2.9%
2003 3.81% 3.1%
2004 3.72% 5%
2005 6.87% 6.2%
2006 8.33% 9.3%
2007 7.89% 11.1%
2008 12% 12.3%
2009 6.98% -4.7%
2010 10.5% 0.9%
2011 5.11% 0.9%
2012 9.26% 0.7%
2013 5.2% 1.1%
2014 5.68% 2.3%
2015 4.66% 4.1%
2016 3.07% 1.6%
2017 1.88% 2%
2018 1.02% 3.1%
2019 1% -1.9%
2020 0.6% -2.1%
2021 2.06% -0.1%
2022 5.83% 4.8%
2023 4.63% 1.6%
2024 0.53% 1.7%
2025 - 1.6%

Top exports between countries

Trinidad
Export category Export value
Machinery & equipment $24.1M
Metals $6.64M
Raw materials & minerals $58K
Textiles & consumer goods $49K
Miscellaneous $31K
Animal & marine products $5K
Chemicals & pharma $3K
UAE
Export category Export value
Machinery & equipment $4.06M
Metals $2.83M
Processed food, beverages & tobacco $2.68M
Chemicals & pharma $1.7M
Raw materials & minerals $1.02M
Textiles & consumer goods $814K
Raw agricultural goods $400K
Precious metals & jewellery $181K
Wood & paper products $135K
Miscellaneous $74K

Balance of trade

Trinidad UAE
Current account balance
$1.23B
2024
n/a
Current account balance ranking
52/189
2024
n/a
Current account balance, % of GDP
+4.67%
2024
n/a
Goods imports
$7.54B
2024
n/a
Goods exports
$10B
2024
n/a
Service imports
$2.71B
2024
n/a
Service exports
$1.26B
2024
n/a
Imports of goods and services, % of GDP n/a
93.7%
2023
Exports of goods and services, % of GDP
45%
2025
108.6%
2023

Economic freedom indices

The indices of economic freedom below are issued by the Heritage Foundation. Higher scores indicate stronger economic health.

Trinidad UAE
Economic freedom 63.6 71.6
Economic freedom ranking 76/197 29/197
Property rights 58.3 65.4
Government integrity 44.7 65.9
Judicial effectiveness 58.5 35.2
Tax burden 79.5 96.9
Government spending 74.5 82.3
Fiscal health 80.9 97.9
Business freedom 72.6 84.2
Labor freedom 60.4 62.1
Monetary freedom 76.3 80.5
Trade freedom 67.6 78.4
Investment freedom 50 50
Financial freedom 40 60

Economic freedom by year comparison

The Economic Freedom Index for Trinidad and Tobago is 63.6, ranking 76/197, compared to 71.6 for the United Arab Emirates, ranking 29/197. The chart below displays a comparison of annual changes in economic freedom indexes.

Trinidad and Tobago
United Arab Emirates
Year Economic freedom index
Trinidad UAE
1996 69.2 71.6
1997 71.3 71.9
1998 72 72.2
1999 72.4 71.5
2000 74.5 74.2
2001 71.8 74.9
2002 70.1 73.6
2003 68.8 73.4
2004 71.3 67.2
2005 71.5 65.2
2006 70.4 62.2
2007 70.6 62.6
2008 69.5 62.6
2009 68 64.7
2010 65.7 67.3
2011 66.5 67.8
2012 64.4 69.3
2013 62.3 71.1
2014 62.7 71.4
2015 64.1 72.4
2016 62.9 72.6
2017 61.2 76.9
2018 57.7 77.6
2019 57 77.6
2020 58.3 76.2
2021 59 76.9
2022 58.8 70.2
2023 59.5 70.9
2024 60.4 71.1
2025 63.6 71.6

More economic indicators

Trinidad UAE
Services, % of GDP
59.9%
2023
51.6%
2023
Industry, % of GDP
35%
2023
47.7%
2023
Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, % of GDP
0.82%
2023
0.7%
2023
GNI, Atlas method
$27.4B
2024
$538B
2024
GNI per capita, PPP
$36,280
2024
$78,110
2024
Total reserves including gold
$5.6B
2024
$238B
2024
Total reserves ranking
94/177
2024
14/177
2024
Net foreign direct investment
$1.57B
2024
n/a
Net inflows of foreign direct investment
-$1.04B
2024
$45.6B
2024
Net outflows of foreign direct investment
$527M
2024
$23.4B
2024
Poverty at national poverty lines
20%
2020
19.5%
2020
Gross capital formation, % of GDP
20.1%
2021
27.1%
2023

GDP per capita map

GDP per capita

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The current account balance is the sum of net trade in goods and services, net earnings from cross-border investments, and net transfer payments. It reflects a country's economic transactions with the rest of the world and is a fundamental component of the balance of payments. A surplus indicates that a country exports more than it imports, while a deficit shows the opposite.

Gross National Income (GNI) measures a country's total income. It encompasses income earned by residents, businesses, and foreign sources, defined as employee compensation and investment profits. GNI adds product taxes not included elsewhere and subtracts subsidies. It accounts for income from residents working abroad but excludes earnings from foreigners within the country.

A negative value for Net Foreign Direct Investment indicates a country is a net receiver of investments, as foreign inflows exceed outflows after Balance of Payments adjustments. A positive value indicates a net provider, with outflows exceeding inflows. Inflows are credits (increasing foreign claims on domestic assets), while outflows are debits (increasing domestic assets abroad).

Foreign direct investment (FDI, net inflows) shows how much capital foreign investors bring into a country after accounting for any funds that flow back in the opposite direction. It represents the net value of overseas companies establishing, expanding, or financing businesses in the reporting country. A positive number means more capital entered the country than was withdrawn, while a negative number means foreign investors pulled out more than they invested.

Foreign direct investment (FDI, net outflows) shows how much capital residents of a country invest abroad after accounting for any funds that flow back in the opposite direction. It represents the net value of domestic companies establishing, expanding, or financing businesses in other countries. A positive number means more capital was invested abroad than withdrawn, while a negative number means residents pulled back more than they invested.

Formerly gross domestic investment, gross capital formation measures the share of a country’s economic output invested in fixed assets, including buildings, machinery, and infrastructure. It indicates how much of the economy is devoted to building productive capacity.