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Economy of DR Congo vs New Zealand compared: GDP & Debt

Updated on by Georank

The DR Congo has a GDP of $91B compared to $264B for New Zealand, ranking 81/197 and 53/197 by economy size, respectively.

The DR Congo has $18.4B in government debt (20.2% of GDP), compared to $145B (54.7% of GDP) in New Zealand.

DR Congo vs New Zealand GDP by year

DR Congo
New Zealand
1x
Year GDP, current $
DR Congo New Zealand
2025 $91,030,531,317 $264,057,413,740
2024 $75,716,176,105 $261,497,198,364
2023 $69,843,655,425 $256,372,177,758
2022 $70,422,346,142 $249,723,029,451
2021 $59,067,289,574 $253,732,493,988
2020 $46,691,989,749 $213,318,129,989
2019 $46,845,900,350 $213,088,034,258
2018 $46,659,954,092 $211,726,161,989
2017 $37,537,521,566 $206,561,943,051
2016 $38,600,224,214 $188,980,351,891
2015 $40,179,574,490 $178,147,457,243
2014 $38,352,980,553 $201,435,445,068
2013 $34,891,189,160 $190,943,478,290
2012 $30,029,369,929 $176,508,049,114
2011 $26,392,379,642 $168,458,838,711
2010 $24,161,641,931 $146,887,902,524
2009 $18,607,259,481 $121,663,439,315
2008 $22,723,488,723 $133,437,126,590
2007 $18,374,807,773 $137,188,946,866
2006 $15,484,044,535 $111,538,810,713
2005 $12,609,728,573 $114,720,129,550
2004 $10,297,483,481 $103,905,210,084
2003 $8,937,567,060 $88,250,885,550
2002 $8,728,038,525 $66,627,729,311
2001 $7,438,189,100 $53,872,425,917
2000 $19,088,046,306 $52,623,281,957
1999 $4,711,259,427 $58,762,260,626
1998 $6,217,805,821 $56,227,169,851
1997 $6,090,838,693 $66,075,143,415
1996 $5,771,456,952 $70,140,835,299
1995 $5,643,439,376 $63,918,703,507
1994 $5,820,382,248 $55,314,732,279
1993 $10,706,259,937 $46,775,620,817
1992 $8,227,343,907 $41,649,829,860
1991 $9,625,436,873 $42,745,329,732
1990 $9,349,764,580 $45,495,129,385
1989 $9,021,862,775 $43,920,222,525
1988 $8,861,299,977 $45,176,811,594
1987 $7,661,625,473 $40,376,354,070
1986 $8,095,367,168 $30,604,668,357
1985 $7,195,042,616 $24,679,795,396
1984 $7,857,729,193 $21,665,975,319
1983 $11,006,712,650 $24,309,279,706
1982 $13,651,667,371 $24,164,603,059
1981 $12,537,821,038 $24,417,617,184
1980 $14,394,927,495 $23,244,547,385
1979 $15,068,422,236 $20,731,243,113
1978 $15,372,608,002 $18,530,518,395
1977 $12,344,424,764 $15,446,825,318
1976 $9,648,583,225 $13,604,832,424
1975 $10,237,343,174 $12,861,983,284
1974 $9,596,960,180 $13,940,981,798
1973 $7,870,239,461 $12,802,281,898
1972 $6,173,712,814 $9,567,331,065
1971 $5,594,770,359 $7,911,136,757
1970 $4,877,684,910 $6,495,605,331
1969 $5,032,434,970 $5,814,357,709
1968 $3,909,780,539 $5,228,045,415
1967 $3,384,063,372 $6,016,017,227
1966 $4,532,660,182 $5,917,437,693
1965 $4,043,901,818 $5,706,251,400
1964 $2,881,545,273 $7,340,766,415
1963 $6,213,185,743 $6,699,741,645
1962 $3,779,841,429 $6,133,158,532
1961 $3,086,746,857 $5,721,994,864
1960 $3,359,404,118 $5,536,098,360

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08).

GeoRank.org/economy/dr-congo/new-zealand | CC BY

GDP per capita in DR Congo vs New Zealand by year

DR Congo
GDP per capita

GDP per capita, PPP
New Zealand
GDP per capita

GDP per capita, PPP
1x
Year Current $
DR Congo New Zealand
GDP per capita GDP per capita, PPP GDP per capita GDP per capita, PPP
2025 $807 - $49,591 -
2024 $693 $1,821 $49,432 $55,551
2023 $660 $1,731 $49,302 $54,697
2022 $688 $1,590 $49,142 $54,034
2021 $596 $1,402 $49,902 $48,249
2020 $486 $1,089 $42,055 $45,513
2019 $504 $1,056 $42,872 $45,278
2018 $518 $1,049 $43,204 $42,527
2017 $431 $991 $42,912 $42,244
2016 $460 $950 $40,088 $39,989
2015 $496 $910 $38,649 $37,513
2014 $489 $859 $44,600 $37,331
2013 $460 $761 $42,985 $36,263
2012 $410 $648 $40,042 $33,055
2011 $373 $644 $38,426 $32,739
2010 $352 $606 $33,762 $31,305
2009 $280.2 $573 $28,277 $30,746
2008 $353 $584 $31,325 $29,896
2007 $294.1 $550 $32,480 $29,331
2006 $255.4 $508 $26,655 $27,732
2005 $214.5 $484 $27,751 $25,677
2004 $180.7 $456 $25,420 $25,124
2003 $161.5 $428 $21,914 $23,996
2002 $162.4 $410 $16,874 $23,306
2001 $142.7 $404 $13,883 $22,511
2000 $378 $417 $13,641 $21,500
1999 $96.3 $452 $15,322 $20,579
1998 $131.5 $481 $14,738 $19,323
1997 $132.3 $497 $17,474 $19,100
1996 $127.4 $526 $18,794 $18,392
1995 $127 $532 $17,400 $17,864
1994 $136.5 $540 $15,280 $17,108
1993 $263.3 $576 $13,094 $15,900
1992 $209.7 $674 $11,793 $14,877
1991 $253.8 $762 $12,230 $14,501
1990 $254.9 $832 $13,663 $14,812
1989 $254.2 - $13,312 -
1988 $257.7 - $13,759 -
1987 $230.1 - $12,331 -
1986 $250.9 - $9,428 -
1985 $230.1 - $7,601 -
1984 $259.8 - $6,714 -
1983 $376 - $7,598 -
1982 $482 - $7,656 -
1981 $456 - $7,814 -
1980 $539 - $7,467 -
1979 $582 - $6,668 -
1978 $615 - $5,937 -
1977 $509 - $4,951 -
1976 $408 - $4,374 -
1975 $445 - $4,172 -
1974 $428 - $4,611 -
1973 $361 - $4,323 -
1972 $290.5 - $3,295 -
1971 $270.3 - $2,773 -
1970 $242.2 - $2,311 -
1969 $257.1 - $2,097 -
1968 $205.6 - $1,902 -
1967 $183.3 - $2,208 -
1966 $252.8 - $2,211 -
1965 $232 - $2,171 -
1964 $169.9 - $2,839 -
1963 $376 - $2,646 -
1962 $235.1 - $2,471 -
1961 $197.1 - $2,365 -
1960 $220.1 - $2,334 -

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08).

GeoRank.org/economy/dr-congo/new-zealand | CC BY

The DR Congo's GDP per capita is $807, ranking 187/197, compared to $49,591 in New Zealand, ranking 26/197. Adjusted for purchasing power (GDP per capita PPP), the DR Congo ranks 190th at $1,821, while New Zealand ranks 38th at $55,551.

Economic indicators

DR Congo New Zealand
Gross domestic product
$91B
2025
$264B
2025
GDP rank
81/197
2025
53/197
2025
GDP growth
5.76%
2024-2025
0.46%
2024-2025
GDP per capita
$807
2025
$49,591
2025
GDP per capita rank
187/197
2025
26/197
2025
GDP per capita, PPP
$1,821
2024
$55,551
2024
GDP per capita PPP rank
190/197
2024
38/197
2024
Government debt
$18.4B
2025
$145B
2025
Debt-to-GDP ratio
20.2%
2025
54.7%
2025
Government debt per person
$163
2025
$27,139
2025
Government debt per person rank
183/185
2025
27/185
2025
Average annual personal income after taxes
$2,203
2026
$36,222
2026
Market capitalization of domestic companies n/a
$103B
2025
Number of billionaires n/a
5
2026
Income share by richest 10%
35.7%
2020
n/a
Income share by poorest 10%
2.1%
2020
n/a
Government expenditure, % of GDP
17.2%
2025
41.6%
2025
Consumer prices inflation
2.89%
2015-2016
2.84%
2024-2025
Central bank interest rate
13.5%
2026
2.25%
2025
Unemployment rate
1.47%
2020
5.26%
2025
Population
118386491
5380024

Spending and national debt comparison by year

DR Congo
Spending

Debt
New Zealand
Spending

Debt
1x
Year % of GDP
DR Congo New Zealand
Government spending Government debt Government spending Government debt
2025 17.2% 20.2% 41.6% 54.7%
2024 16.5% 15.8% 41.7% 51.4%
2023 15.9% 15.7% 41% 47.3%
2022 17.1% 14.7% 41.7% 46.9%
2021 13.5% 14% 41.8% 47.5%
2020 13.4% 11.6% 41.9% 43.2%
2019 15.2% 9.72% 38.7% 31.8%
2018 12.2% 9.19% 36.1% 28.1%
2017 11.2% 8.42% 35.6% 31.1%
2016 14.3% 10.6% 36.4% 33.4%
2015 15.9% 10.2% 37.2% 34.2%
2014 13.5% 8.74% 37.6% 34.2%
2013 11.7% 8.26% 38.6% 34.6%
2012 13.2% 7.58% 39.7% 35.7%
2011 13.5% 7.81% 42.3% 34.7%
2010 15.2% 31.8% 42.9% 29.6%
2009 12.3% 91.6% 40.3% 24.3%
2008 9.94% 80.3% 38.4% 19%
2007 7.98% 85.1% 37% 16.3%
2006 7.35% 107.5% 37.8% 18.4%
2005 7.5% 112% 37.1% 20.8%
2004 7.18% 164.1% 36.1% 22.5%
2003 8.87% 114.5% 36.6% 24.7%
2002 4.17% 136% 36.7% 26.4%
2001 4.16% 185.4% 37.2% 28.2%
2000 2.49% 135% 38.2% 30%
1999 2.15% - 39.2% 32%
1998 2.78% - 40.1% 34.5%
1997 2.51% - 39.3% 34.6%
1996 2.17% - 39.8% 37.3%
1995 - - 41.6% 43.5%
1994 - - 42.7% 48.9%
1993 - - 46.7% 54.6%
1992 - - 52.4% 58.7%
1991 - - 52.9% 58%
1990 - - 49.5% 55.5%
1989 - - 47.8% 54.9%
1988 - - 46.1% 54.7%
1987 - - 46.1% 62.9%
1986 - - 46.9% 68.5%
1985 - - 46.2% 64.1%
1984 - - 40.7% 62.8%
1983 - - 41.4% 59.6%
1982 - - 39.9% 51.5%
1981 - - 39.1% 50.5%
1980 - - 38% 52.2%
1979 - - 38.4% 52%
1978 - - 36.6% 50%
1977 - - 30% 44.6%
1976 - - 31.6% 47.6%
1975 - - 30.1% 41.4%
1974 - - 27.3% 39.6%
1973 - - 27.1% 44%
1972 - - 26.4% 46%
1971 - - 26.8% 71.3%
1970 - - 24.8% 76.5%
1969 - - 25.9% 85.8%
1968 - - 26.2% 86.5%
1967 - - 26% 59.7%
1966 - - 25% 58.2%
1965 - - 24.9% 59.6%
1964 - - 19.4% 61.8%
1963 - - 19.4% 64.5%
1962 - - 21.6% 65%
1961 - - 21.1% 64.6%
1960 - - 25.3% 68.1%

Data sources: International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Fiscal Monitor (1990–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08); International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Public Finances in Modern History (1960–1989, retrieved 2026-07-08).

GeoRank.org/economy/dr-congo/new-zealand | CC BY

In 2025, the DR Congo's government spending was $15.6B, accounting for 17.2% of its GDP, while New Zealand spent $110B, or 41.6% of GDP.

Debt-to-GDP ratio is 20.2% in the DR Congo and 54.7% in New Zealand, ranking 173/185 and 91/185, respectively.

Government deficit by year

Deficit/surplus
DR Congo

New Zealand
1x
Year Deficit/surplus, % of GDP
DR Congo New Zealand
2025 -2.75% -3.86%
2024 -1.66% -3.21%
2023 -1.59% -3.22%
2022 -0.87% -3.96%
2021 -1.58% -3.35%
2020 -3.49% -4.21%
2019 -3.41% -2.44%
2018 -1.35% 1.31%
2017 -0.01% 1.38%
2016 -0.91% 0.98%
2015 -1.2% 0.37%
2014 3.87% -0.33%
2013 3.5% -1.28%
2012 1.93% -2.18%
2011 -0.71% -4.94%
2010 -0.8% -5.49%
2009 1.04% -1.8%
2008 -0.28% 1.48%
2007 1.21% 3.6%
2006 2.09% 4.62%
2005 1.38% 5.13%
2004 -0.17% 4.49%
2003 -3.92% 3.69%
2002 0.89% 2.56%
2001 -1.13% 1.29%
2000 -1.85% 0.18%
1999 -1.35% -1.1%
1998 -1.55% -0.47%
1997 -1.06% 1.24%
1996 -0.56% 2.58%
1995 - 3.7%
1994 - 2%
1993 - -1.51%
1992 - -6.25%
1991 - -6.12%
1990 - -2.72%
1989 - -2.16%
1988 - -1.88%
1987 - -3.43%
1986 - -5.33%
1985 - -6.97%
1984 - -8.68%
1983 - -6.64%
1982 - -6.26%
1981 - -6.02%
1980 - -4.9%
1979 - -6.55%
1978 - -3.41%
1977 - -1.09%
1976 - -2.07%
1975 - 0.11%
1974 - 0.03%
1973 - -0.07%
1972 - 0.12%
1971 - 0.09%
1970 - -0.05%
1969 - 0.17%
1968 - 0.03%
1967 - 0.02%
1966 - 0.09%
1965 - 0.26%
1964 - -0.08%
1963 - -0.26%
1962 - 0.02%
1961 - 0.03%
1960 - 0.05%
1959 - 0.03%
1958 - -0.02%
1957 - 0.32%
1956 - 1.33%
1955 - 0.73%
1954 - 0.22%
1953 - 0.43%
1952 - 1.73%
1951 - 1.17%
1950 - 0.78%
1949 - 0.53%
1948 - 0.36%
1947 - 1.07%
1946 - 0.31%
1945 - 0.32%
1944 - 0.59%
1943 - 1.24%
1942 - 0.56%
1941 - 0.64%
1940 - 0.13%
1939 - 0.34%
1938 - 0.38%
1937 - 0.23%
1936 - 0.17%
1935 - 1.19%
1934 - -0.55%
1933 - 0.02%
1932 - -1.77%
1931 - -1.12%
1930 - 0.09%
1929 - -0.37%
1928 - 0.12%
1927 - 0.4%
1926 - 0.72%
1925 - 0.78%
1924 - 1.2%
1923 - 0.95%
1922 - -0.2%
1921 - 3.55%
1920 - 1.51%
1919 - 2.9%
1918 - 4.35%
1917 - 3.89%
1916 - 1.46%
1915 - 0.06%
1914 - 0.45%
1913 - 0.79%
1912 - 0.89%
1911 - 1.24%
1910 - 0.36%
1909 - 0.31%
1908 - 1.26%
1907 - 1.13%
1906 - 0.97%
1905 - 1.41%
1904 - 1.42%
1903 - 0.55%
1902 - 0.63%
1901 - 1.11%
1900 - 1.59%
1899 - 1.15%
1898 - 1.38%
1897 - 0.86%
1896 - 0.65%
1895 - 0.32%
1894 - 0.76%
1893 - 1.14%
1892 - 0.09%
1891 - 0.46%
1890 - 0.05%
1889 - 0.59%
1888 - -1.64%
1887 - -1.63%
1886 - -0.53%
1885 - -0.47%
1884 - -0.1%
1883 - 0.38%
1882 - 0.18%
1881 - -2.33%
1880 - -2.39%
1879 - -0.55%
1878 - -0.85%
1877 - -2.53%
1876 - -5.28%

Data sources: International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Public Finances in Modern History (1876–1989, retrieved 2026-07-08); International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Fiscal Monitor (1990–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08).

GeoRank.org/economy/dr-congo/new-zealand | CC BY

In 2025, the DR Congo's government deficit, the difference between spending and revenue, was $2.51B, equivalent to 2.75% of GDP. This compares to New Zealand's deficit of $10.2B, or 3.86% of GDP.

Over the past 30 years, the DR Congo recorded a fiscal deficit in 22 of those years, while New Zealand ran a deficit in 15 years. On average, the DR Congo posted an annual deficit equal to 0.54% of GDP, compared to deficit of 0.23% of GDP for New Zealand.

Inflation comparison by year

Inflation
DR Congo

New Zealand
1x
Year Consumer prices inflation
DR Congo New Zealand
2025 - 2.84%
2024 - 2.92%
2023 - 5.73%
2022 - 7.17%
2021 - 3.94%
2020 - 1.71%
2019 - 1.62%
2018 - 1.6%
2017 - 1.85%
2016 2.89% 0.65%
2015 0.74% 0.29%
2014 1.24% 1.23%
2013 0.81% 1.13%
2012 9.72% 1.06%
2011 15.3% 4.03%
2010 7.1% 2.3%
2009 2.8% 2.12%
2008 17.3% 3.96%
2007 16.9% 2.38%
2006 13.1% 3.37%
2005 21.3% 3.04%
2004 3.99% 2.29%
2003 12.9% 1.75%
2002 31.5% 2.68%
2001 360% 2.63%
2000 514% 2.62%
1999 284.9% -0.11%
1998 29.1% 1.27%
1997 198.5% 1.19%

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1997–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08).

GeoRank.org/economy/dr-congo/new-zealand | CC BY

Over the past 20 years, the DR Congo has recorded an average annual inflation rate of 77.2%, compared with 1.99% in New Zealand. In 2016, inflation was 2.89% in the DR Congo and 2.84% in New Zealand.

Top exports between countries

DR Congo
Export category Export value
Raw agricultural goods $204K
Chemicals & pharma $6K
New Zealand
Export category Export value
Animal & marine products $3.02M
Machinery & equipment $201K
Processed food, beverages & tobacco $117K
Transport & tourism services $100K
Textiles & consumer goods $88K
Metals $17K
Raw materials & minerals $8K
Chemicals & pharma $1K

Balance of trade

DR Congo New Zealand
Current account balance
-$3.94B
2025
-$9.56B
2025
Current account balance ranking
157/190
2025
174/190
2025
Current account balance, % of GDP
-4.33%
2025
-3.62%
2025
Goods imports
$33B
2025
$48.2B
2025
Goods exports
$35.9B
2025
$47.2B
2025
Service imports
$5.02B
2025
$20.3B
2025
Service exports
$548M
2025
$19.5B
2025
Imports of goods and services, % of GDP
43.9%
2025
26%
2024
Exports of goods and services, % of GDP
43.4%
2025
24.7%
2024

Economic freedom indices

The indices of economic freedom below are issued by the Heritage Foundation. Higher scores indicate stronger economic health.

DR Congo New Zealand
Economic freedom 47 77.8
Economic freedom ranking 176/197 13/197
Property rights 15.4 85.4
Government integrity 12.8 90
Judicial effectiveness 11.7 95.9
Tax burden 73.8 66.1
Government spending 91.2 48
Fiscal health 95.9 72.2
Business freedom 32.3 89.1
Labor freedom 54.2 68.6
Monetary freedom 58.6 77.4
Trade freedom 68.2 90.6
Investment freedom 30 70
Financial freedom 20 80

Economic freedom comparison by year

DR Congo
New Zealand
1x
Year Economic freedom index
DR Congo New Zealand
2026 47 77.8
2025 47.3 78.1
2024 47.6 77.8
2023 47.9 78.9
2022 47.6 80.6
2021 49 83.9
2020 49.5 84.1
2019 50.3 84.4
2018 52.1 84.2
2017 56.4 83.7
2016 46.4 81.6
2015 45 82.1
2014 40.6 81.2
2013 39.6 81.4
2012 41.1 82.1
2011 40.7 82.3
2010 41.4 82.1
2009 42.8 82
2008 - 80.7
2007 - 81.4
2006 - 82
2005 - 82.3
2004 - 81.5
2003 - 81.1
2002 - 80.7
2001 - 81.1
2000 34.8 80.9
1999 34 81.7
1998 40.6 79.2
1997 39.5 79
1996 39.5 78.1
1995 41.4 -

Data sources: The Heritage Foundation | Economic Freedom Index (1995–2026, retrieved 2026-07-08).

GeoRank.org/economy/dr-congo/new-zealand | CC BY

The Economic Freedom Index for the DR Congo is 47, ranking 176/197, compared to 77.8 for New Zealand, ranking 13/197. The chart above displays a comparison of annual changes in economic freedom indexes.

Other economic metrics

DR Congo New Zealand
Services, % of GDP
48%
2025
68.2%
2023
Industry, % of GDP
39.7%
2025
19.4%
2023
Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, % of GDP
8.93%
2025
4.01%
2023
GNI, Atlas method
$81.3B
2025
$248B
2025
GNI per capita, PPP
$1,850
2025
$53,600
2025
Total reserves including gold
$5.1B
2023
$28.2B
2025
Total reserves ranking
102/177
2023
59/177
2025
Net foreign direct investment
-$1.87B
2025
-$3.58B
2025
Net inflows of foreign direct investment
$2.92B
2024
$1.76B
2024
Net outflows of foreign direct investment
$198M
2024
$882M
2024
Servicing debt to the IMF, % of GNI
0.64%
2024
n/a
Poverty at national poverty lines
56.2%
2020
n/a
Gross capital formation, % of GDP
31.7%
2025
23.1%
2024

GDP per capita map

1x

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1985–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08); U.S. Census Bureau (1985–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08).

GeoRank.org/economy/dr-congo/new-zealand | CC BY

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Data sources:

  1. World Bank | Economy & Growth (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08)
  2. International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Public Finances in Modern History (1876–1989, retrieved 2026-07-08)
  3. International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Fiscal Monitor (1990–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08)
  4. The Heritage Foundation | Economic Freedom Index (1995–2026, retrieved 2026-07-08)
  5. U.S. Census Bureau (1985–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08)
  6. TradeMap (2019–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08)
  7. United Nations | World Population Prospects (2026, retrieved 2026-07-08)
  8. LivingCost (2026, retrieved 2026-07-08)

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The current account balance is the sum of net trade in goods and services, net earnings from cross-border investments, and net transfer payments. It reflects a country's economic transactions with the rest of the world and is a fundamental component of the balance of payments. A surplus indicates that a country exports more than it imports, while a deficit shows the opposite.

Gross National Income (GNI) measures a country's total income. It encompasses income earned by residents, businesses, and foreign sources, defined as employee compensation and investment profits. GNI adds product taxes not included elsewhere and subtracts subsidies. It accounts for income from residents working abroad but excludes earnings from foreigners within the country.

A negative value for Net Foreign Direct Investment indicates a country is a net receiver of investments, as foreign inflows exceed outflows after Balance of Payments adjustments. A positive value indicates a net provider, with outflows exceeding inflows. Inflows are credits (increasing foreign claims on domestic assets), while outflows are debits (increasing domestic assets abroad).

Foreign direct investment (FDI, net inflows) shows how much capital foreign investors bring into a country after accounting for any funds that flow back in the opposite direction. It represents the net value of overseas companies establishing, expanding, or financing businesses in the reporting country. A positive number means more capital entered the country than was withdrawn, while a negative number means foreign investors pulled out more than they invested.

Foreign direct investment (FDI, net outflows) shows how much capital residents of a country invest abroad after accounting for any funds that flow back in the opposite direction. It represents the net value of domestic companies establishing, expanding, or financing businesses in other countries. A positive number means more capital was invested abroad than withdrawn, while a negative number means residents pulled back more than they invested.

Principal and interest payments to the IMF in currency, goods, or services on long-term debt expressed as a share of GNI.

Formerly gross domestic investment, gross capital formation measures the share of a country’s economic output invested in fixed assets, including buildings, machinery, and infrastructure. It indicates how much of the economy is devoted to building productive capacity.