Cuba has a GDP of $107B compared to $537B for the United Arab Emirates, ranking 69/197 and 29/197 by economy size, respectively.
The chart below compares the two countries' GDP growth in both current (nominal) and constant dollars, accounting for inflation over time.
| Year | GDP | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
Cuba
|
UAE
|
|||
| Current $ | Constant $ | Current $ | Constant $ | |
| 1970 | $5,693,005,200 | $23,120,654,813 | $685,986,701 | $14,070,592,924 |
| 1971 | $6,914,658,400 | $25,105,299,225 | $939,893,600 | $19,222,171,572 |
| 1972 | $8,135,150,892 | $26,317,053,149 | $1,415,086,929 | $26,734,126,559 |
| 1973 | $9,987,709,650 | $27,220,909,322 | $4,231,243,616 | $47,217,855,776 |
| 1974 | $11,405,957,317 | $27,488,896,946 | $11,651,505,689 | $54,063,519,993 |
| 1975 | $13,027,415,244 | $30,093,861,943 | $14,720,728,249 | $57,430,272,387 |
| 1976 | $13,789,579,903 | $31,727,344,869 | $19,213,158,779 | $66,921,691,096 |
| 1977 | $14,206,158,675 | $34,490,638,879 | $24,871,775,165 | $81,269,253,405 |
| 1978 | $17,844,705,325 | $36,765,640,924 | $23,775,764,225 | $79,977,394,655 |
| 1979 | $19,584,443,288 | $37,165,718,489 | $31,225,659,621 | $96,711,523,271 |
| 1980 | $19,912,889,861 | $35,363,388,174 | $43,599,160,050 | $119,801,181,765 |
| 1981 | $20,150,254,096 | $42,325,850,269 | $49,333,424,135 | $125,382,930,480 |
| 1982 | $20,953,510,235 | $46,100,569,047 | $46,622,718,605 | $116,958,054,939 |
| 1983 | $22,204,940,512 | $48,595,287,844 | $42,803,323,345 | $111,407,435,357 |
| 1984 | $24,039,383,608 | $52,448,756,410 | $41,807,954,236 | $115,882,617,757 |
| 1985 | $22,920,490,774 | $53,286,192,381 | $40,603,650,232 | $111,717,244,274 |
| 1986 | $24,226,574,634 | $53,336,975,926 | $33,943,612,095 | $95,006,426,309 |
| 1987 | $25,213,935,012 | $52,055,729,738 | $36,384,908,744 | $98,219,526,270 |
| 1988 | $27,458,999,472 | $53,984,675,578 | $36,275,674,203 | $95,647,247,530 |
| 1989 | $27,023,468,666 | $54,351,816,305 | $41,464,995,914 | $107,448,100,944 |
| 1990 | $28,645,436,569 | $52,749,217,703 | $50,701,443,748 | $127,141,173,341 |
| 1991 | $24,316,556,026 | $47,108,903,627 | $51,552,165,622 | $128,234,691,621 |
| 1992 | $22,085,858,243 | $41,653,408,482 | $54,239,171,888 | $132,524,071,346 |
| 1993 | $22,367,254,865 | $35,456,139,102 | $55,625,170,253 | $134,195,452,934 |
| 1994 | $28,448,326,757 | $35,710,334,910 | $59,305,093,980 | $143,449,770,720 |
| 1995 | $30,429,803,651 | $36,587,809,679 | $65,743,666,576 | $153,043,528,513 |
| 1996 | $25,017,368,700 | $39,455,836,485 | $73,571,233,996 | $161,917,610,698 |
| 1997 | $25,365,908,100 | $40,554,060,118 | $78,839,008,445 | $175,179,308,497 |
| 1998 | $25,736,331,200 | $40,618,600,304 | $75,674,336,283 | $175,690,822,167 |
| 1999 | $28,364,615,200 | $43,132,386,084 | $84,445,473,111 | $180,789,745,171 |
| 2000 | $30,565,400,000 | $45,683,563,279 | $104,337,372,362 | $200,410,321,466 |
| 2001 | $31,682,400,000 | $47,138,598,430 | $103,311,640,572 | $203,214,232,287 |
| 2002 | $33,590,500,000 | $47,810,239,203 | $109,816,201,498 | $208,159,362,863 |
| 2003 | $35,901,200,000 | $49,623,557,376 | $124,346,358,067 | $226,478,512,549 |
| 2004 | $38,203,000,000 | $52,487,103,646 | $147,824,370,320 | $248,144,435,950 |
| 2005 | $42,643,836,100 | $58,366,528,663 | $180,617,467,965 | $260,192,198,684 |
| 2006 | $48,835,925,926 | $65,408,954,115 | $222,116,541,865 | $285,788,137,283 |
| 2007 | $54,262,870,370 | $70,159,041,951 | $257,916,133,424 | $294,888,746,643 |
| 2008 | $56,302,129,630 | $73,047,369,064 | $315,474,615,739 | $304,301,112,625 |
| 2009 | $57,481,481,481 | $74,107,509,498 | $253,547,358,747 | $288,346,842,937 |
| 2010 | $59,562,962,963 | $75,878,940,053 | $300,189,052,689 | $292,968,610,444 |
| 2011 | $68,990,000,000 | $78,005,296,225 | $360,832,739,551 | $311,179,896,154 |
| 2012 | $73,141,000,000 | $80,357,078,126 | $384,610,125,391 | $316,857,313,566 |
| 2013 | $77,148,000,000 | $82,564,971,264 | $400,218,529,748 | $332,876,224,084 |
| 2014 | $80,656,100,000 | $83,429,902,609 | $414,105,366,753 | $346,742,821,790 |
| 2015 | $87,132,800,000 | $87,132,800,000 | $370,275,469,571 | $370,275,469,571 |
| 2016 | $91,370,407,864 | $87,579,654,549 | $369,255,326,236 | $390,868,305,597 |
| 2017 | $96,850,649,692 | $89,164,663,931 | $390,516,804,030 | $393,741,456,224 |
| 2018 | $100,050,036,096 | $91,169,039,693 | $427,049,432,158 | $398,914,879,875 |
| 2019 | $103,427,600,000 | $91,020,354,637 | $417,989,721,743 | $403,336,245,504 |
| 2020 | $107,351,800,000 | $81,054,459,000 | $349,473,015,330 | $383,342,656,333 |
| 2021 | - | $82,070,633,423 | $415,178,792,757 | $400,036,290,964 |
| 2022 | - | $83,527,427,216 | $502,731,935,194 | $430,077,804,445 |
| 2023 | - | $81,915,873,064 | $514,130,432,648 | $445,641,058,044 |
| 2024 | - | - | $537,078,829,135 | $462,404,360,915 |
Economic indicators
|
Cuba
|
UAE
|
|
|---|---|---|
| Gross domestic product |
$107B
2020 |
$537B
2024 |
| GDP rank |
69/197
2020 |
29/197
2024 |
| GDP growth |
3.79%
2019-2020 |
4.46%
2023-2024 |
| GDP per capita |
$9,605
2020 |
$49,378
2024 |
| GDP per capita rank |
87/197
2020 |
24/197
2024 |
| GDP per capita, PPP |
$12,300
2016 |
$77,959
2024 |
| Government debt | n/a |
$172B
2024 |
| Debt-to-GDP ratio | n/a |
32.8%
2025 |
| Government debt per person | n/a |
$15,857
2024 |
| Government debt per person rank | n/a |
39/185
2024 |
| Average annual personal income after taxes |
$3,584
2025 |
$40,921
2025 |
| Market capitalization of domestic companies | n/a |
$1.05T
2024 |
| Number of millionaires | n/a |
202,201
2024 |
| Number of billionaires | n/a |
6
2025 |
| Income share by richest 10% | n/a |
20.5%
2018 |
| Income share by poorest 10% | n/a |
2.8%
2018 |
| Government expenditure, % of GDP |
49%
2025 |
24%
2025 |
| Consumer prices inflation |
5.5%
2019-2020 |
1.6%
2024-2025 |
| Central bank interest rate | n/a |
4.15%
2025 |
| Unemployment rate |
1.7%
2018 |
1.88%
2024 |
| Population |
10937204
|
11372700
|
GDP per capita in Cuba vs United Arab Emirates
Cuba's GDP per capita is $9,605, ranking 87/197, compared to $49,378 in the United Arab Emirates, ranking 24/197. Adjusted for purchasing power (GDP per capita PPP), Cuba ranks 122nd at $12,300, while the United Arab Emirates ranks 16th at $77,959.
| Year | Current $ | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Cuba
|
UAE
|
|||
| GDP per capita | GDP per capita, PPP | GDP per capita | GDP per capita, PPP | |
| 1970 | $645 | - | $2,394 | - |
| 1971 | $770 | - | $2,805 | - |
| 1972 | $892 | - | $3,675 | - |
| 1973 | $1,079 | - | $9,696 | - |
| 1974 | $1,217 | - | $23,823 | - |
| 1975 | $1,374 | - | $27,117 | - |
| 1976 | $1,441 | - | $31,197 | - |
| 1977 | $1,472 | - | $35,020 | - |
| 1978 | $1,837 | - | $29,379 | - |
| 1979 | $2,006 | - | $34,238 | - |
| 1980 | $2,031 | - | $42,925 | - |
| 1981 | $2,046 | - | $44,854 | - |
| 1982 | $2,114 | - | $39,972 | - |
| 1983 | $2,222 | - | $34,650 | - |
| 1984 | $2,386 | - | $32,012 | - |
| 1985 | $2,257 | - | $29,468 | - |
| 1986 | $2,365 | - | $23,132 | - |
| 1987 | $2,440 | - | $23,113 | - |
| 1988 | $2,632 | - | $21,570 | - |
| 1989 | $2,566 | - | $23,167 | - |
| 1990 | $2,694 | - | $26,710 | $86,949 |
| 1991 | $2,269 | - | $25,691 | $85,765 |
| 1992 | $2,048 | - | $25,648 | $86,019 |
| 1993 | $2,063 | - | $25,033 | $84,860 |
| 1994 | $2,613 | - | $25,473 | $88,427 |
| 1995 | $2,785 | - | $27,003 | $92,107 |
| 1996 | $2,282 | - | $28,323 | $93,009 |
| 1997 | $2,306 | - | $27,983 | $94,374 |
| 1998 | $2,332 | - | $24,889 | $88,693 |
| 1999 | $2,562 | $1,700 | $25,856 | $86,165 |
| 2000 | $2,751 | $1,700 | $29,866 | $91,318 |
| 2001 | $2,843 | - | $27,745 | $88,832 |
| 2002 | $3,005 | $2,300 | $27,754 | $86,960 |
| 2003 | $3,203 | $2,900 | $29,660 | $91,059 |
| 2004 | $3,399 | $3,000 | $33,377 | $96,982 |
| 2005 | $3,786 | $3,500 | $38,719 | $99,577 |
| 2006 | $4,330 | $4,000 | $44,343 | $104,995 |
| 2007 | $4,807 | $11,000 | $45,855 | $99,097 |
| 2008 | $4,986 | $9,500 | $50,054 | $93,017 |
| 2009 | $5,089 | $9,700 | $37,803 | $83,337 |
| 2010 | $5,272 | $10,200 | $43,697 | $83,671 |
| 2011 | $6,104 | - | $50,789 | $87,709 |
| 2012 | $6,471 | - | $52,034 | $87,340 |
| 2013 | $6,828 | - | $52,024 | $85,515 |
| 2014 | $7,147 | - | $51,381 | $85,248 |
| 2015 | $7,728 | - | $43,535 | $71,720 |
| 2016 | $8,111 | $12,300 | $41,326 | $67,702 |
| 2017 | $8,611 | - | $42,341 | $68,043 |
| 2018 | $8,911 | - | $45,690 | $75,071 |
| 2019 | $9,232 | - | $44,251 | $76,885 |
| 2020 | $9,605 | - | $37,174 | $65,353 |
| 2021 | - | - | $43,360 | $67,401 |
| 2022 | - | - | $49,899 | $73,778 |
| 2023 | - | - | $49,041 | $76,110 |
| 2024 | - | - | $49,378 | $77,959 |
Inflation comparison by year
Over the past 22 years, Cuba has recorded an average annual inflation rate of 4.16%, compared with 2.91% in the United Arab Emirates. In 2020, inflation was 5.5% in Cuba and 1.6% in the United Arab Emirates.
| Year | Inflation | ||
|---|---|---|---|
|
Cuba
|
UAE
|
Cuba
|
UAE
|
| 1996 | - | 3% | |
| 1997 | - | 3% | |
| 1998 | - | 2% | |
| 1999 | 0.3% | 2.1% | |
| 2000 | - | 1.3% | |
| 2001 | - | 2.8% | |
| 2002 | 7.1% | 2.9% | |
| 2003 | 4.1% | 3.1% | |
| 2004 | 3.1% | 5% | |
| 2005 | 7% | 6.2% | |
| 2006 | 5% | 9.3% | |
| 2007 | 3.1% | 11.1% | |
| 2008 | 3.4% | 12.3% | |
| 2009 | -0.5% | -4.7% | |
| 2010 | 0.7% | 0.9% | |
| 2011 | 4.7% | 0.9% | |
| 2012 | 5.5% | 0.7% | |
| 2013 | 6% | 1.1% | |
| 2014 | - | 2.3% | |
| 2015 | 4.4% | 4.1% | |
| 2016 | 4.5% | 1.6% | |
| 2017 | - | 2% | |
| 2018 | 5.5% | 3.1% | |
| 2019 | 5.5% | -1.9% | |
| 2020 | 5.5% | -2.1% | |
| 2021 | - | -0.1% | |
| 2022 | - | 4.8% | |
| 2023 | - | 1.6% | |
| 2024 | - | 1.7% | |
| 2025 | - | 1.6% | |
Top exports between countries
|
Cuba
|
|
|---|---|
| Export category | Export value |
| Machinery & equipment | $6.49M |
| Metals | $141K |
| Raw agricultural goods | $49K |
| Wood & paper products | $47K |
| Chemicals & pharma | $2K |
|
UAE
|
|
|---|---|
| Export category | Export value |
| Machinery & equipment | $17.8M |
| Processed food, beverages & tobacco | $13.8M |
| Chemicals & pharma | $1.72M |
| Raw materials & minerals | $1.58M |
| Textiles & consumer goods | $132K |
| Metals | $74K |
| Animal & marine products | $7K |
| Raw agricultural goods | $7K |
| Wood & paper products | $3K |
| Miscellaneous | $2K |
Balance of trade
Economic freedom indices
The indices of economic freedom below are issued by the Heritage Foundation. Higher scores indicate stronger economic health.
|
Cuba
|
UAE
|
|
|---|---|---|
| Economic freedom | 25.4 | 71.6 |
| Economic freedom ranking | 195/197 | 29/197 |
| Property rights | 29.9 | 65.4 |
| Government integrity | 33.4 | 65.9 |
| Judicial effectiveness | 14.3 | 35.2 |
| Tax burden | 51.9 | 96.9 |
| Government spending | 0 | 82.3 |
| Fiscal health | 0 | 97.9 |
| Business freedom | 42.3 | 84.2 |
| Labor freedom | 20 | 62.1 |
| Monetary freedom | 20 | 80.5 |
| Trade freedom | 72.8 | 78.4 |
| Investment freedom | 10 | 50 |
| Financial freedom | 10 | 60 |
Economic freedom by year comparison
The Economic Freedom Index for Cuba is 25.4, ranking 195/197, compared to 71.6 for the United Arab Emirates, ranking 29/197. The chart below displays a comparison of annual changes in economic freedom indexes.
| Year | Economic freedom index | |
|---|---|---|
|
Cuba
|
UAE
|
|
| 1995 | 27.8 | - |
| 1996 | 27.8 | 71.6 |
| 1997 | 27.8 | 71.9 |
| 1998 | 28.2 | 72.2 |
| 1999 | 29.7 | 71.5 |
| 2000 | 31.3 | 74.2 |
| 2001 | 31.6 | 74.9 |
| 2002 | 32.4 | 73.6 |
| 2003 | 35.1 | 73.4 |
| 2004 | 34.4 | 67.2 |
| 2005 | 35.5 | 65.2 |
| 2006 | 29.3 | 62.2 |
| 2007 | 28.6 | 62.6 |
| 2008 | 27.5 | 62.6 |
| 2009 | 27.9 | 64.7 |
| 2010 | 26.7 | 67.3 |
| 2011 | 27.7 | 67.8 |
| 2012 | 28.3 | 69.3 |
| 2013 | 28.5 | 71.1 |
| 2014 | 28.7 | 71.4 |
| 2015 | 29.6 | 72.4 |
| 2016 | 29.8 | 72.6 |
| 2017 | 33.9 | 76.9 |
| 2018 | 31.9 | 77.6 |
| 2019 | 27.8 | 77.6 |
| 2020 | 26.9 | 76.2 |
| 2021 | 28.1 | 76.9 |
| 2022 | 29.5 | 70.2 |
| 2023 | 24.3 | 70.9 |
| 2024 | 25.7 | 71.1 |
| 2025 | 25.4 | 71.6 |
More economic indicators
|
Cuba
|
UAE
|
|
|---|---|---|
| Services, % of GDP |
70%
2023 |
51.6%
2023 |
| Industry, % of GDP |
27.5%
2023 |
47.7%
2023 |
| Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, % of GDP |
1.31%
2023 |
0.7%
2023 |
GNI, Atlas method
|
$101B
2019 |
$538B
2024 |
| GNI per capita, PPP | n/a |
$78,110
2024 |
| Total reserves including gold |
$144M
1960 |
$238B
2024 |
| Total reserves ranking |
173/177
1960 |
14/177
2024 |
|
Net inflows of foreign direct investment
|
n/a |
$45.6B
2024 |
|
Net outflows of foreign direct investment
|
n/a |
$23.4B
2024 |
| Poverty at national poverty lines | n/a |
19.5%
2020 |
|
Gross capital formation, % of GDP
|
9.88%
2020 |
27.1%
2023 |
GDP per capita map
GDP per capita
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Economy comparisons
Gross National Income (GNI) measures a country's total income. It encompasses income earned by residents, businesses, and foreign sources, defined as employee compensation and investment profits. GNI adds product taxes not included elsewhere and subtracts subsidies. It accounts for income from residents working abroad but excludes earnings from foreigners within the country.
Foreign direct investment (FDI, net inflows) shows how much capital foreign investors bring into a country after accounting for any funds that flow back in the opposite direction. It represents the net value of overseas companies establishing, expanding, or financing businesses in the reporting country. A positive number means more capital entered the country than was withdrawn, while a negative number means foreign investors pulled out more than they invested.
Foreign direct investment (FDI, net outflows) shows how much capital residents of a country invest abroad after accounting for any funds that flow back in the opposite direction. It represents the net value of domestic companies establishing, expanding, or financing businesses in other countries. A positive number means more capital was invested abroad than withdrawn, while a negative number means residents pulled back more than they invested.
Formerly gross domestic investment, gross capital formation measures the share of a country’s economic output invested in fixed assets, including buildings, machinery, and infrastructure. It indicates how much of the economy is devoted to building productive capacity.