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Economy of Denmark vs Montenegro compared: GDP & Debt

Updated on by Georank team

Denmark has a GDP of $425B compared to $8.27B for Montenegro, ranking 37/197 and 155/197 by economy size, respectively.

Denmark has $134B in government debt (31.5% of GDP), compared to $5.02B (60.8% of GDP) in Montenegro.

Denmark vs Montenegro GDP by year

Denmark
Montenegro
1x
Year GDP, current $
Denmark Montenegro
2024 $424,524,722,037 $8,270,016,671
2023 $404,651,706,118 $7,644,389,160
2022 $400,114,306,337 $6,251,215,144
2021 $406,110,162,088 $5,823,715,810
2020 $355,631,021,932 $4,723,571,498
2019 $345,401,473,013 $5,483,476,883
2018 $355,293,374,912 $5,433,467,175
2017 $331,610,593,962 $4,803,962,016
2016 $312,181,849,372 $4,357,469,330
2015 $301,758,922,338 $4,010,885,991
2014 $352,832,602,064 $4,579,636,602
2013 $344,631,016,965 $4,422,097,763
2012 $326,792,574,245 $4,071,829,462
2011 $344,315,595,263 $4,507,126,949
2010 $322,345,594,075 $4,136,936,189
2009 $322,619,152,195 $4,142,640,317
2008 $354,979,471,960 $4,540,861,726
2007 $320,213,157,595 $3,677,910,895
2006 $283,386,151,544 $2,717,702,923
2005 $265,150,087,712 $2,257,174,481
2004 $251,986,155,631 $2,073,234,418
2003 $218,421,193,436 $1,707,710,053
2002 $178,788,209,558 $1,284,685,051
2001 $164,881,594,415 $1,159,869,246
2000 $164,043,817,224 $984,293,044
1999 $177,887,720,536 $828,950,327
1998 $176,877,077,513 $854,261,161
1997 $173,241,365,735 $838,288,806
1996 $187,481,157,846 -
1995 $184,848,481,008 -
1994 $156,017,919,221 -
1993 $143,111,306,004 -
1992 $152,966,494,260 -
1991 $139,180,507,778 -
1990 $138,217,740,684 -
1989 $112,312,200,761 -
1988 $115,540,189,705 -
1987 $109,183,446,340 -
1986 $87,748,695,217 -
1985 $62,452,421,011 -
1984 $58,868,891,335 -
1983 $60,331,158,447 -
1982 $60,084,214,872 -
1981 $61,459,941,461 -
1980 $70,811,287,816 -
1979 $70,393,030,603 -
1978 $60,320,089,218 -
1977 $49,711,709,588 -
1976 $44,503,607,444 -
1975 $40,418,967,666 -
1974 $34,125,712,481 -
1973 $30,718,181,337 -
1972 $23,230,667,549 -
1971 $19,086,192,720 -
1970 $17,075,457,733 -
1969 $15,414,902,667 -
1968 $13,505,574,133 -
1967 $13,059,064,806 -
1966 $11,931,740,293 -
1965 $10,870,670,865 -
1964 $9,677,401,337 -
1963 $8,466,044,980 -
1962 $7,953,274,741 -
1961 $7,058,361,229 -
1960 $6,361,166,545 -

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1960–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06).

GeoRank.org/economy/denmark/montenegro | CC BY

GDP per capita in Denmark vs Montenegro by year

Denmark
GDP per capita

GDP per capita, PPP
Montenegro
GDP per capita

GDP per capita, PPP
1x
Year Current $
Denmark Montenegro
GDP per capita GDP per capita, PPP GDP per capita GDP per capita, PPP
2024 $71,026 $81,878 $13,263 $34,063
2023 $68,044 $77,892 $12,260 $31,863
2022 $67,781 $78,914 $10,025 $28,050
2021 $69,341 $69,715 $9,317 $23,690
2020 $60,985 $62,682 $7,539 $20,625
2019 $59,404 $60,595 $8,749 $23,706
2018 $61,325 $57,234 $8,674 $21,084
2017 $57,522 $55,272 $7,674 $19,357
2016 $54,501 $51,821 $6,968 $18,030
2015 $53,094 $48,897 $6,421 $16,092
2014 $62,520 $47,880 $7,342 $15,276
2013 $61,378 $46,869 $7,103 $14,692
2012 $58,444 $44,755 $6,552 $13,793
2011 $61,810 $44,444 $7,266 $14,347
2010 $58,105 $43,038 $6,679 $13,612
2009 $58,413 $40,524 $6,700 $12,976
2008 $64,617 $41,467 $7,360 $13,802
2007 $58,632 $39,110 $5,972 $12,452
2006 $52,119 $37,392 $4,419 $10,440
2005 $48,926 $34,238 $3,675 $8,314
2004 $46,625 $33,016 $3,380 $7,841
2003 $40,519 $30,864 $2,789 $7,340
2002 $33,257 $30,667 $2,107 $7,100
2001 $30,768 $29,459 $1,910 $6,772
2000 $30,722 $28,648 $1,627 $6,004
1999 $33,426 $26,642 $1,368 $5,684
1998 $33,346 $25,799 $1,406 $6,170
1997 $32,780 $24,887 $1,375 $5,798
1996 $35,622 $23,723 - -
1995 $35,321 $22,677 - -
1994 $29,968 $21,669 - -
1993 $27,582 $20,217 - -
1992 $29,579 $19,830 - -
1991 $27,003 $19,067 - -
1990 $26,886 $18,225 - -
1989 $21,882 - - -
1988 $22,525 - - -
1987 $21,296 - - -
1986 $17,137 - - -
1985 $12,213 - - -
1984 $11,517 - - -
1983 $11,797 - - -
1982 $11,740 - - -
1981 $12,000 - - -
1980 $13,822 - - -
1979 $13,757 - - -
1978 $11,818 - - -
1977 $9,770 - - -
1976 $8,773 - - -
1975 $7,988 - - -
1974 $6,764 - - -
1973 $6,117 - - -
1972 $4,654 - - -
1971 $3,846 - - -
1970 $3,464 - - -
1969 $3,151 - - -
1968 $2,776 - - -
1967 $2,701 - - -
1966 $2,487 - - -
1965 $2,284 - - -
1964 $2,049 - - -
1963 $1,807 - - -
1962 $1,711 - - -
1961 $1,531 - - -
1960 $1,389 - - -

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1960–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06).

GeoRank.org/economy/denmark/montenegro | CC BY

Denmark's GDP per capita is $71,026, ranking 12/197, compared to $13,263 in Montenegro, ranking 77/197. Adjusted for purchasing power (GDP per capita PPP), Denmark ranks 14th at $81,878, while Montenegro ranks 65th at $34,063.

Economic indicators

Denmark Montenegro
Gross domestic product
$425B
2024
$8.27B
2024
GDP rank
37/197
2024
155/197
2024
GDP growth
3.48%
2023-2024
3.16%
2023-2024
GDP per capita
$71,026
2024
$13,263
2024
GDP per capita rank
12/197
2024
77/197
2024
GDP per capita, PPP
$81,878
2024
$34,063
2024
GDP per capita PPP rank
14/197
2024
65/197
2024
Government debt
$134B
2024
$5.02B
2024
Debt-to-GDP ratio
31.5%
2024
60.8%
2024
Government debt per person
$22,340
2024
$8,058
2024
Government debt per person rank
30/185
2024
64/185
2024
Average annual personal income after taxes
$53,468
2026
$11,119
2026
Market capitalization of domestic companies
$151B
2004
$3.79B
2012
Number of millionaires
376,000
2025
n/a
Number of billionaires
9
2025
n/a
Income share by richest 10%
25.5%
2023
24.7%
2021
Income share by poorest 10%
3.6%
2023
2.1%
2021
Government expenditure, % of GDP
47.3%
2024
43.5%
2024
Consumer prices inflation
1.37%
2023-2024
3.3%
2023-2024
Central bank interest rate
1.6%
2025
n/a
Unemployment rate
6.15%
2024
13.1%
2023
Population
6032403
612312

Spending and national debt comparison by year

Denmark
Spending

Debt
Montenegro
Spending

Debt
1x
Year % of GDP
Denmark Montenegro
Government spending Government debt Government spending Government debt
2024 47.3% 31.5% 43.5% 60.8%
2023 47.4% 33.8% 39.7% 59.6%
2022 45.1% 34.2% 42.2% 70.3%
2021 49.7% 40.7% 45.1% 86.2%
2020 53.3% 46.3% 54.9% 108.4%
2019 49.8% 38.3% 44.4% 79.6%
2018 50.8% 38.5% 47.8% 72.9%
2017 50.6% 40.2% 47.6% 66.9%
2016 52.4% 41.7% 47.7% 66.7%
2015 54.4% 44.6% 46.9% 69.5%
2014 55.1% 48.7% 44.3% 63.6%
2013 55.6% 47.8% 46.3% 59.2%
2012 57.9% 48.7% 45.9% 57.1%
2011 56.3% 50% 45.7% 49%
2010 56.5% 46.1% 46.7% 45.1%
2009 56.3% 43% 51.5% 43.9%
2008 50.3% 35.5% 51.2% 34.2%
2007 49.5% 29.5% 43.9% 31.8%
2006 49.7% 33.2% 42.6% 36.7%
2005 51.1% 39.4% 38.2% 38.6%
2004 52.8% 46.2% 40% 45.4%
2003 53.5% 48.2% 43.3% 48.6%
2002 53.1% 50.3% 37.5% 85.7%
2001 53% 50.1% - -
2000 52.9% 53.6% - -
1999 54.7% 56.8% - -
1998 55.6% 60.3% - -
1997 56.2% 64.4% - -
1996 58.2% 68.3% - -
1995 58.7% 71.5% - -
1994 59.5% 75.3% - -
1993 59.5% 78.7% - -
1992 56.4% 66.7% - -
1991 55.5% 63.2% - -
1990 55.1% 62.4% - -
1989 56.2% 62.2% - -
1988 56.1% 64.7% - -
1987 54% 62.5% - -
1986 52.3% 66.8% - -
1985 55.5% 74.7% - -
1984 56.6% 77.7% - -
1983 57.9% 74.2% - -
1982 57.7% 64.5% - -
1981 56.3% 51.7% - -
1980 52.7% 39.2% - -
1979 49.6% 31.8% - -
1978 47.2% 25.5% - -
1977 45.6% 15.2% - -
1976 45% 11.4% - -
1975 45.3% 7.01% - -
1974 43.6% 6.2% - -
1973 39.5% 8.94% - -
1972 42.1% 11.5% - -
1971 42.2% 12.9% - -
1970 24.4% 7.62% - -
1969 25.3% 8.36% - -
1968 24.3% 9.36% - -
1967 22.2% 10.1% - -
1966 21.1% 11.2% - -
1965 17.1% 12.9% - -
1964 17.6% 14.5% - -
1963 18.2% 13.7% - -
1962 17% 15.3% - -
1961 15.6% 16.4% - -
1960 16.4% 20.1% - -

Data sources: International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Fiscal Monitor (1990–2024, retrieved 2026-02-20); International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Public Finances in Modern History (1960–1991, retrieved 2026-02-20).

GeoRank.org/economy/denmark/montenegro | CC BY

In 2024, Denmark's government spending was $201B, accounting for 47.3% of its GDP, while Montenegro spent $3.6B, or 43.5% of GDP.

Debt-to-GDP ratio is 31.5% in Denmark and 60.8% in Montenegro, ranking 155/185 and 76/185, respectively.

Government deficit by year

Deficit/surplus
Denmark

Montenegro
1x
Year Deficit/surplus, % of GDP
Denmark Montenegro
2024 4.46% -2.81%
2023 3.43% 0.85%
2022 3.39% -4.07%
2021 4.12% -1.72%
2020 0.36% -11%
2019 4.28% -1.74%
2018 0.81% -6.3%
2017 1.69% -6.89%
2016 0.3% -6.21%
2015 -0.9% -6.03%
2014 1.43% -0.7%
2013 -0.94% -4.54%
2012 -3.2% -5.87%
2011 -1.77% -6.79%
2010 -2.52% -4.88%
2009 -2.75% -6.74%
2008 3.46% -2.3%
2007 5.31% 8.44%
2006 5.29% 4.34%
2005 5.2% -1.42%
2004 2.23% -2.45%
2003 0.14% -4.06%
2002 0.25% -1.44%
2001 1.13% -
2000 1.79% -
1999 1.06% -
1998 -0.28% -
1997 -1.22% -
1996 -2.4% -
1995 -3.5% -
1994 -3.85% -
1993 -3.73% -
1992 -2.6% -
1991 -3.15% -
1990 -1.78% -
1989 0.3% -
1988 1.46% -
1987 2.46% -
1986 3.23% -
1985 -1.38% -
1984 -3.58% -
1983 -6.29% -
1982 -8.22% -
1981 -5.84% -
1980 -2.32% -
1979 -0.69% -
1978 0.41% -
1977 0.37% -
1976 0.19% -
1975 -1.23% -
1974 3.7% -
1973 4.97% -
1972 5.01% -
1971 4.96% -
1970 0.7% -
1969 0.3% -
1968 -0.06% -
1967 1.49% -
1966 0.99% -
1965 2.13% -
1964 1.79% -
1963 1.2% -
1962 -0.09% -
1961 1.73% -
1960 1.25% -
1959 0.79% -
1958 0.25% -
1957 0.26% -
1956 -0.01% -
1955 -1.17% -
1954 -0.84% -
1953 1.75% -
1952 1.18% -
1951 0.79% -
1950 1.08% -
1949 0.63% -
1948 1.07% -
1947 0.84% -
1946 2.69% -
1945 -1.03% -
1944 0% -
1943 0% -
1942 0% -
1941 0% -
1940 0% -
1939 0% -
1938 0.03% -
1937 0.22% -
1936 -1.36% -
1935 -0.97% -
1934 0.03% -
1933 1.69% -
1932 -3.22% -
1931 -1.67% -
1930 0.03% -
1929 0.13% -
1928 -4.99% -
1927 -2.33% -
1926 -0.48% -
1925 -3.1% -
1924 -0.8% -
1923 -0.56% -
1922 -1.33% -
1921 -2.41% -
1920 -0.46% -
1919 -0.38% -
1918 1.95% -
1917 3.1% -
1916 1.51% -
1915 -0.48% -
1914 0.43% -
1913 0.07% -
1912 0.13% -
1911 -1.02% -
1910 -1.72% -
1909 -2.49% -
1908 -0.82% -
1907 0.26% -
1906 -0.42% -
1905 0.22% -
1904 -0.1% -
1903 0.03% -
1902 -0.06% -
1901 -0.71% -
1900 -0.84% -
1899 -0.59% -
1898 -0.43% -
1897 -0.61% -
1896 -0.07% -
1895 -0.17% -
1894 -0.26% -
1893 -0.42% -
1892 -0.73% -
1891 -0.76% -
1890 -0.97% -
1889 -0.55% -
1888 -0.49% -
1887 -0.68% -
1886 -0.39% -
1885 0.48% -
1884 1.2% -
1883 0.73% -
1882 0.35% -
1881 0.42% -
1880 -2.65% -

Data sources: International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Public Finances in Modern History (1880–1989, retrieved 2026-02-20); International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Fiscal Monitor (1990–2024, retrieved 2026-02-20).

GeoRank.org/economy/denmark/montenegro | CC BY

In 2024, Denmark's government surplus, the difference between spending and revenue, was $18.9B, equivalent to 4.46% of GDP. This compares to Montenegro's deficit of $232M, or 2.81% of GDP.

Over the past 23 years, Denmark recorded a fiscal deficit in 6 of those years, while Montenegro ran a deficit in 20 years. On average, Denmark posted an annual surplus equal to 1.48% of GDP, compared to deficit of 3.23% of GDP for Montenegro.

Inflation comparison by year

Inflation
Denmark

Montenegro
1x
Year Consumer prices inflation
Denmark Montenegro
2024 1.37% 3.3%
2023 3.31% 8.6%
2022 7.7% 13%
2021 1.85% 2.4%
2020 0.42% -0.3%
2019 0.76% 0.4%
2018 0.81% 2.6%
2017 1.15% 2.4%
2016 0.25% -0.3%
2015 0.45% 1.5%
2014 0.56% -0.7%
2013 0.79% 2.2%
2012 2.4% 4.1%
2011 2.76% 3.5%
2010 2.31% 0.4%
2009 1.3% 3.6%
2008 3.42% 9%
2007 1.69% 3.4%
2006 1.92% 2.1%
2005 1.82% 3.4%
2004 1.15% 3.1%
2003 2.08% 7.5%
2002 2.42% 19.7%
2001 2.34% 23.7%
2000 2.9% 29.9%
1999 2.5% -
1998 1.85% -
1997 2.18% -

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1997–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06); International Monetary Fund (IMF) | World Economic Outlook (2000–2024, retrieved 2026-02-20).

GeoRank.org/economy/denmark/montenegro | CC BY

Over the past 25 years, Denmark has recorded an average annual inflation rate of 1.92%, compared with 5.94% in Montenegro. In 2024, inflation was 1.37% in Denmark and 3.3% in Montenegro.

Top exports between countries

Denmark
Export category Export value
Machinery & equipment $2.05M
Animal & marine products $1.13M
Textiles & consumer goods $620K
Miscellaneous $398K
Processed food, beverages & tobacco $250K
Metals $235K
Chemicals & pharma $69K
Raw agricultural goods $48K
Precious metals & jewellery $29K
Raw materials & minerals $8K
Montenegro
Export category Export value
Transport & tourism services $36.7M
Raw materials & minerals $10M
Textiles & consumer goods $36K
Machinery & equipment $12K
Chemicals & pharma $9K
Animal & marine products $4K
Processed food, beverages & tobacco $4K
Raw agricultural goods $2K

Balance of trade

Denmark Montenegro
Current account balance
$52.1B
2024
-$1.4B
2024
Current account balance ranking
14/190
2024
131/190
2024
Current account balance, % of GDP
+12.3%
2024
-17%
2024
Goods imports
$132B
2024
$4.29B
2024
Goods exports
$172B
2024
$714M
2024
Service imports
$125B
2024
$1.19B
2024
Service exports
$129B
2024
$2.92B
2024
Imports of goods and services, % of GDP
60.8%
2024
66.2%
2024
Exports of goods and services, % of GDP
71%
2024
43.7%
2024

Economic freedom indices

The indices of economic freedom below are issued by the Heritage Foundation. Higher scores indicate stronger economic health.

Denmark Montenegro
Economic freedom 79 63.8
Economic freedom ranking 8/197 78/197
Property rights 99.9 60.9
Government integrity 98 49.9
Judicial effectiveness 89.3 51.5
Tax burden 43.4 88.7
Government spending 34.8 47.6
Fiscal health 98 86.2
Business freedom 90.4 68.4
Labor freedom 65 59.4
Monetary freedom 80.1 75.2
Trade freedom 79.4 78.4
Investment freedom 90 50
Financial freedom 80 50

Economic freedom comparison by year

Denmark
Montenegro
1x
Year Economic freedom index
Denmark Montenegro
2026 79 63.8
2025 79.1 63.8
2024 77.8 59.7
2023 77.6 60.9
2022 78 57.8
2021 77.8 63.4
2020 78.3 61.5
2019 76.7 60.5
2018 76.6 64.3
2017 75.1 62
2016 75.3 64.9
2015 76.3 64.7
2014 76.1 63.6
2013 76.1 62.6
2012 76.2 62.5
2011 78.6 62.5
2010 77.9 63.6
2009 79.6 58.2
2008 79.2 -
2007 77 -
2006 75.4 -
2005 75.3 -
2004 72.4 -
2003 73.2 43.5
2002 71.1 46.6
2001 68.3 -
2000 68.3 -
1999 68.1 -
1998 67.5 -
1997 67.5 -
1996 67.3 -

Data sources: The Heritage Foundation | Economic Freedom Index (1996–2026, retrieved 2026-03-09).

GeoRank.org/economy/denmark/montenegro | CC BY

The Economic Freedom Index for Denmark is 79, ranking 8/197, compared to 63.8 for Montenegro, ranking 78/197. The chart above displays a comparison of annual changes in economic freedom indexes.

Other economic metrics

Denmark Montenegro
Services, % of GDP
63.5%
2024
63.8%
2024
Industry, % of GDP
24.1%
2024
12.2%
2024
Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, % of GDP
0.93%
2024
3.49%
2024
GNI, Atlas method
$434B
2024
$7.61B
2024
GNI per capita, PPP
$84,680
2024
$33,970
2024
Total reserves including gold
$108B
2024
$1.74B
2024
Total reserves ranking
25/177
2024
130/177
2024
Net foreign direct investment
$11.9B
2024
-$532M
2024
Net inflows of foreign direct investment
$18.5B
2024
$599M
2024
Net outflows of foreign direct investment
$30.7B
2024
$67.8M
2024
Servicing debt to the IMF, % of GNI n/a
15%
2024
Poverty at national poverty lines
12.4%
2021
20%
2023
Gross capital formation, % of GDP
23.2%
2024
25.9%
2024

GDP per capita map

1x

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1985–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06); U.S. Census Bureau (1985–2024, retrieved 2026-02-08).

GeoRank.org/economy/denmark/montenegro | CC BY

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Data sources:

  1. World Bank | Economy & Growth (1960–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06)
  2. International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Public Finances in Modern History (1880–1991, retrieved 2026-02-20)
  3. International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Fiscal Monitor (1990–2024, retrieved 2026-02-20)
  4. The Heritage Foundation | Economic Freedom Index (1996–2026, retrieved 2026-03-09)
  5. U.S. Census Bureau (1985–2024, retrieved 2026-02-08)
  6. TradeMap (2021–2024, retrieved 2026-02-08)
  7. United Nations | World Population Prospects (2026, retrieved 2026-03-10)
  8. LivingCost (2026, retrieved 2025-10-14)

Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) — you’re free to copy, share, remix, adapt, and use even commercially as long as you give appropriate credit and clearly indicate if you made changes. Other sources may be subject to different license terms.

The current account balance is the sum of net trade in goods and services, net earnings from cross-border investments, and net transfer payments. It reflects a country's economic transactions with the rest of the world and is a fundamental component of the balance of payments. A surplus indicates that a country exports more than it imports, while a deficit shows the opposite.

Gross National Income (GNI) measures a country's total income. It encompasses income earned by residents, businesses, and foreign sources, defined as employee compensation and investment profits. GNI adds product taxes not included elsewhere and subtracts subsidies. It accounts for income from residents working abroad but excludes earnings from foreigners within the country.

A negative value for Net Foreign Direct Investment indicates a country is a net receiver of investments, as foreign inflows exceed outflows after Balance of Payments adjustments. A positive value indicates a net provider, with outflows exceeding inflows. Inflows are credits (increasing foreign claims on domestic assets), while outflows are debits (increasing domestic assets abroad).

Foreign direct investment (FDI, net inflows) shows how much capital foreign investors bring into a country after accounting for any funds that flow back in the opposite direction. It represents the net value of overseas companies establishing, expanding, or financing businesses in the reporting country. A positive number means more capital entered the country than was withdrawn, while a negative number means foreign investors pulled out more than they invested.

Foreign direct investment (FDI, net outflows) shows how much capital residents of a country invest abroad after accounting for any funds that flow back in the opposite direction. It represents the net value of domestic companies establishing, expanding, or financing businesses in other countries. A positive number means more capital was invested abroad than withdrawn, while a negative number means residents pulled back more than they invested.

Principal and interest payments to the IMF in currency, goods, or services on long-term debt expressed as a share of GNI.

Formerly gross domestic investment, gross capital formation measures the share of a country’s economic output invested in fixed assets, including buildings, machinery, and infrastructure. It indicates how much of the economy is devoted to building productive capacity.